List of state leaders in 1933

See also
List of state leaders in 1932 Events of 1933 List of state leaders in 1934 State leaders by year List of religious leaders in 1933 List of sovereign states in 1933 List of colonial governors in 1933

This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 1933.

Africa

Egypt
- Monarch - Fuad I, King of Egypt (1917–1936)^[1]
- Prime Minister -
  1. Isma'il Sidqi, Prime Minister of Egypt (1930–1933)
  2. Abdel Fattah Yahya Ibrahim Pasha, Prime Minister of Egypt (1933–1934)
Ethiopia
- Monarch - Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia (1930–1974)^[2]
- Chief Minister - Haile Selassie, Chief Minister of Ethiopia (1927–1936)
Liberia
- President - Edwin Barclay, President of Liberia (1930–1944)
South Africa
- Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
- Governor-General - George Villiers, Earl of Clarendon, Governor-General of South Africa (1931–1937)
- Prime Minister - J. B. M. Hertzog, Prime Minister of South Africa (1924–1939)

Asia

Afghanistan
- Monarch -
  1. Mohammed Nadir Shah, King of Afghanistan (1929–1933)
  2. Mohammed Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan (1933–1973)
- Prime Minister - Mohammad Hashim Khan, Prime Minister of Afghanistan (1929–1946)
China
- Republic of China
  - Head of State - Lin Sen, Chairman of the National Government of China (1931–1943)
  - Premier - Wang Jingwei, President of Executive Yuan of China (1932–1935)
- Chinese Soviet Republic (unrecognized state)
  - Head of State - Mao Zedong, Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Republic of China (1931–1937)
- Manchukuo (puppet state of Japan)
  - Monarch - Puyi, Emperor of Manchukuo (1932–1945)
  - Prime Minister - Zheng Xiaoxu, Prime Minister of Manchukuo (1932–1935)
- East Turkestan (unrecognized, secessionist state)
  - declared independence on 12 December 1933
  - President - Hoja-Niyaz, President of East Turkestan (1933–1934)
  - Prime Minister - Sabit Damulla Abdulbaki, Prime Minister of East Turkestan (1933–1934)
- Fujian (unrecognized, secessionist state)
  - declared independence on 22 November 1933
  - Head of State - Li Jishen, Chairman of the People's Revolutionary Government of Fujian (1933–1934)
- Tibet (unrecognized, de facto independent country)
  - Monarch - Thubten Gyatso, Dalai Lama (1879–1933)
Iraq
- Monarch -
  1. Faisal I, King of Iraq (1921–1933)^[3]
  2. Ghazi, King of Iraq (1933–1939)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Naji Shawkat, Prime Minister of Iraq (1932–1933)
  2. Rashid Ali al-Gaylani, Prime Minister of Iraq (1933)
  3. Jamil al-Midfai, Prime Minister of Iraq (1933–1934)
Japan
- Monarch - Hirohito, Emperor of Japan (1926–1989)
- Prime Minister - Viscount Saitō Makoto, Prime Minister of Japan (1932–1934)
Mongolia
- Communist Party Leadership - Dorjjavyn Luvsansharav (1932–1937) + Jambyn Lkhümbe (1932–1933) + Bat-Ochiryn Eldev-Ochir (1932–1937), Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party
- Head of State - Anandyn Amar, Chairman of the Presidium of the State Little Khural of Mongolia (1932–1936)
- Premier - Peljidiin Genden, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of Mongolia (1932–1936)
Muscat and Oman
- Monarch - Said Bin Taimur, Sultan of Muscat and Oman (1932–1970)
Nepal
- Monarch - Tribhuvan, King of Nepal (1911–1950)
- Prime Minister - Juddha Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana, Maharaja of Lamjung and Kaski, Prime Minister of Nepal (1932–1945)
Persia
- Monarch - Reza Shah, Shah of Persia (1925–1941)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Mehdi Qoli Hedayat, Prime Minister of Persia (1927–1933)
  2. Mohammad-Ali Foroughi, Prime Minister of Persia (1933–1935)
Saudi Arabia
- Monarch - Ibn Saud, King of Saudi Arabia (1902–1953)^[4]
Siam
- Monarch - Prajadhipok, King of Siam (1925–1935)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Phraya Manopakorn Nititada, Prime Minister of Siam (1932–1933)
  2. Phraya Phahonphonphayuhasena, Prime Minister of Siam (1933–1938)
Turkey
- President - Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, President of Turkey (1923–1938)
- Prime Minister - İsmet İnönü, Prime Minister of Turkey (1925–1937)
Tuva
- Communist Party Leader - Salchak Toka, General Secretary of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party (1932–1944)
- Head of State - Chuldum Lopsakovi, Chairman of the Presidium of the Little Hural of Tuva (1929–1936)
- Premier - Adyg-Tulush Khemchik-ool, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Tuva (1929–1936)
Yemen
- Monarch - Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din, King of Yemen (1904–1948)^[5]

Australia and Oceania

Australia
- Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
- Governor-General - Sir Isaac Isaacs, Governor-General of Australia (1931–1936)
- Prime Minister - Joseph Lyons, Prime Minister of Australia (1932–1939)
New Zealand
- Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
- Governor-General - Charles Bathurst, Baron Bledisloe, Governor-General of New Zealand (1930–1935)
- Prime Minister - George Forbes, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1930–1935)

Europe

Albania
- Monarch - Zog I, King of the Albanians (1925–1939)^[6]
- Prime Minister - Pandeli Evangjeli, Prime Minister of Albania (1930–1935)
Andorra
- Monarchs -
  - French Co-Prince - Albert François Lebrun, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1932–1940)
    - Co-Prince's Representative -
      1. Charles Romeu (1887–1933)
      2. Henri Samulens (1933–1937)
  - Episcopal Co-Prince - Justí Guitart i Vilardebó, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1920–1940)
    - Co-Prince's Representative -
      1. Joseph de Riba (1915–1933)
      2. Enric de Llorens (1933–1934)
- First Syndic -
  1. Roc Pallares, First Syndic of Andorra (1928–1933)
  2. Pere Torres, First Syndic of Andorra (1933–1936)
Austria
- President - Wilhelm Miklas, Federal President of Austria (1928–1938)
- Chancellor - Engelbert Dollfuss, Federal Chancellor of Austria (1932–1934)
Belgium
- Monarch - Albert I, King of the Belgians (1909–1934)
- Prime Minister - Count Charles de Broqueville, Prime Minister of Belgium (1932–1934)
Bulgaria
- Monarch - Boris III, Tsar of the Bulgarians (1918–1943)
- Premier - Nikola Mushanov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1931–1934)
Czechoslovakia
- President - Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, President of Czechoslovakia (1918–1935)
- Prime Minister - Jan Malypetr, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1932–1935)
Danzig (free city under League of Nations protection)
- High Commissioner - Helmer Rosting, League of Nations High Commissioner for Danzig (1932–1934)
- Head of State -
  1. Ernst Ziehm, President of the Senate of Danzig (1931–1933)
  2. Hermann Rauschning, President of the Senate of Danzig (1933–1934)
Denmark
- Monarch - Christian X, King of Denmark (1912–1947)
- Prime Minister - Thorvald Stauning, Prime Minister of Denmark (1929–1942)
Estonia
- Head of State -
  1. Konstantin Päts, State Elder of Estonia (1932–1933)
  2. Jaan Tõnisson, State Elder of Estonia (1933)
  3. Konstantin Päts, State Elder of Estonia (1933–1940)
Finland
- President - Pehr Evind Svinhufvud, President of Finland (1931–1937)
- Prime Minister - Toivo Mikael Kivimäki, Prime Minister of Finland (1932–1936)
France
- President - Albert François Lebrun, President of France (1932–1940)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Joseph Paul-Boncour, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1932–1933)
  2. Édouard Daladier, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1933)
  3. Albert Sarraut, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1933)
  4. Camille Chautemps, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1933–1934)
Germany
- the Weimar Republic was superseded by the Third Reich in March 1933
- President - Paul von Hindenburg, President of Germany (1925–1934)
- Chancellor -
  1. Kurt von Schleicher, Chancellor of Germany (1932–1933)
  2. Adolf Hitler, Chancellor of Germany (1933–1945)
Greece
- President - Alexandros Zaimis, President of Greece (1929–1935)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Panagis Tsaldaris, Prime Minister of Greece (1932–1933)
  2. Eleftherios Venizelos, Prime Minister of Greece (1933)
  3. Alexandros Othonaios, Prime Minister of Greece (1933)
  4. Panagis Tsaldaris, Prime Minister of Greece (1933–1935)
Hungary
- Head of State - Miklós Horthy, Regent of Hungary (1920–1944)
- Prime Minister - Gyula Gömbös, Prime Minister of Hungary (1932–1936)
Iceland
- Monarch - Christian X, King of Iceland (1918–1944)
- Prime Minister - Ásgeir Ásgeirsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1932–1934)
Ireland
- Monarch - George V, King of Ireland (1922–1936)
- Governor-General - Domhnall Ua Buachalla, Governor-General of Ireland (1932–1936)
- Head of Government - Éamon de Valera, President of the Executive Council of Ireland (1932–1948)
Italy
- Monarch - Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy (1900–1946)
- Prime Minister - Benito Mussolini, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1922–1943)
Latvia
- President - Alberts Kviesis, President of Latvia (1930–1936)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Marģers Skujenieks, Prime Minister of Latvia (1931–1933)
  2. Ādolfs Bļodnieks, Prime Minister of Latvia (1933–1934)
Liechtenstein
- Monarch - Franz I, Prince of Liechtenstein (1929–1938)
- Head of Government - Josef Hoop, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1928–1945)
Lithuania
- President - Antanas Smetona, President of Lithuania (1926–1940)
- Prime Minister - Juozas Tūbelis, Prime Minister of Lithuania (1929–1938)
Luxembourg
- Monarch - Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (1919–1964)^[7]
- Prime Minister - Joseph Bech, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1926–1937)
Monaco
- Monarch - Louis II, Prince of Monaco (1922–1949)
- Head of Government - Maurice Bouilloux-Lafont, Minister of State of Monaco (1932–1937)
Netherlands
- Monarch - Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands (1890–1948)^[8]
- Prime Minister -
  1. Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Netherlands (1929–1933)
  2. Hendrikus Colijn, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Netherlands (1933–1939)
Norway
- Monarch - Haakon VII, King of Norway (1905–1957)^[9]
- Prime Minister -
  1. Jens Hundseid, Prime Minister of Norway (1932–1933)
  2. Johan Ludwig Mowinckel, Prime Minister of Norway (1933–1935)
Poland
- De facto Head of State - Józef Piłsudski, de facto ruler of Poland (1926–1935)
- President - Ignacy Mościcki, President of Poland (1926–1939)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Aleksander Prystor, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1931–1933)
  2. Janusz Jędrzejewicz, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1933–1934)
Portugal
- the Ditadura Nacional was superseded by the Estado Novo on 19 March 1933
- President - Óscar Carmona, President of Portugal (1926–1951)
- Premier - António de Oliveira Salazar, President of the Council of Ministers of Portugal^[10] (1932–1968)
Romania
- Monarch - Carol II, King of the Romanians (1930–1940)
- Premier -
  1. Iuliu Maniu, President of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1932–1933)
  2. Alexandru Vaida-Voevod, President of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1933)
  3. Ion G. Duca, President of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1933)
  4. Constantin Angelescu, President of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1933–1934)
San Marino
- Captains Regent -
  1. Gino Gozi and Ruggero Morri, Captains Regent of San Marino (1932–1933)
  2. Francesco Morri and Settimio Belluzzi, Captains Regent of San Marino (1933)
  3. Carlo Balsimelli and Melchiorre Filippi, Captains Regent of San Marino (1933–1934)
Soviet Union
- Communist Party Leader - Joseph Stalin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922–1953)
- Head of State - Mikhail Kalinin, Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Congress of Soviets of the Soviet Union (1919–1946)^[11]
- Premier - Vyacheslav Molotov, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union (1930–1941)
Spain
- President - Niceto Alcalá-Zamora, President of Spain (1931–1936)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Manuel Azaña, President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1931–1933)
  2. Alejandro Lerroux, President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1933)
  3. Diego Martínez Barrio, President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1933)
  4. Alejandro Lerroux, President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1933–1934)
Sweden
- Monarch - Gustaf V, King of Sweden (1907–1950)
- Prime Minister - Per Albin Hansson, Prime Minister of Sweden (1932–1936)
Switzerland
- Federal Council:^[12]
  Giuseppe Motta (1911–1940), Edmund Schulthess (1912–1935, President), Jean-Marie Musy (1919–1934), Heinrich Häberlin (1920–1934), Marcel Pilet-Golaz (1928–1944), Albert Meyer (1929–1938), Rudolf Minger (1929–1940)
United Kingdom
- Monarch - George V, King of the United Kingdom (1910–1936)
- Prime Minister - Ramsay MacDonald, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1929–1935)
Vatican City
- Monarch - Pope Pius XI, Sovereign of Vatican City (1929–1939)
- Governor - Marquis Camillo Serafini, Governor of Vatican City (1929–1952)
- Holy See (sui generis subject of public international law)
  - Secretary of State - Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli, Cardinal Secretary of State (1930–1939)
Yugoslavia
- Monarch - Alexander I, King of Yugoslavia (1921–1934)
- Prime Minister - Milan Srškić, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (1932–1934)

North America and the Caribbean

Canada
- Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
- Governor General - Vere Ponsonby, Earl of Bessborough, Governor General of Canada (1931–1935)
- Prime Minister - R. B. Bennett, Prime Minister of Canada (1930–1935)
Costa Rica
- President - Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno, President of Costa Rica (1932–1936)
Cuba
- President -
  1. Gerardo Machado, President of Cuba (1925–1933)
  2. Alberto Herrera y Franchi, Provisional President of Cuba (1933)
  3. Carlos Manuel de Céspedes y Quesada, Provisional President of Cuba (1933)
  4. Executive Commission of the Provisional Government, President of Cuba (1933–1934)
  5. Ramón Grau, President of Cuba (1933–1934)
Dominican Republic
- De facto Head of State - Rafael Trujillo, de facto ruler of the Dominican Republic (1930–1961)
- President - Rafael Trujillo, President of the Dominican Republic (1930–1938)
El Salvador
- President - Maximiliano Hernández Martínez, Acting President of El Salvador (1931–1934)
Guatemala
- President - Jorge Ubico, President of Guatemala (1931–1944)
Haiti (under US occupation)
- American Representative - Norman Armour, Minister to Haiti (1932–1934)
- President - Sténio Vincent, President of Haiti (1930–1941)
Honduras
- President -
  1. Vicente Mejía Colindres, President of Honduras (1929–1933)
  2. Tiburcio Carías Andino, President of Honduras (1933–1949)
Mexico
- President - Abelardo L. Rodríguez, President of Mexico (1932–1934)
Newfoundland
- Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
- Governor - Sir David Murray Anderson, Governor of Newfoundland (1932–1935)
- Prime Minister - Frederick C. Alderdice, Prime Minister of Newfoundland (1932–1934)
Nicaragua
- President -
  1. José María Moncada Tapia, President of Nicaragua (1929–1933)
  2. Juan Bautista Sacasa, President of Nicaragua (1933–1936)
Panama
- President - Harmodio Arias Madrid, President of Panama (1932–1936)
United States of America
- President -
  1. Herbert Hoover, President of the United States (1929–1933)
  2. Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States (1933–1945)

South America

Argentina
- President - Agustín Pedro Justo, President of Argentina (1932–1938)
Bolivia
- President - Daniel Salamanca Urey, President of Bolivia (1931–1934)
Brazil
- President - Getúlio Vargas, Head of Provisional Government of Brazil (1930–1945)
Chile
- President - Arturo Alessandri, President of Chile (1932–1938)
Colombia
- President - Enrique Olaya Herrera, President of Colombia (1930–1934)
Ecuador
- President -
  1. Juan de Dios Martínez, President of Ecuador (1932–1933)
  2. Abelardo Montalvo, Acting President of Ecuador (1933–1934)
Paraguay
- President - Eusebio Ayala, President of Paraguay (1932–1936)
Peru
- President -
  1. Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro, President of Peru (1931–1933)
  2. Óscar R. Benavides, President of Peru (1933–1939)
- Prime Minister -
  1. José Matías Manzanilla Barrientos, President of the council of ministers of Peru (1932–1933)
  2. Jorge Prado y Ugarteche, President of the council of ministers of Peru (1933)
  3. José de la Riva-Agüero y Osma, President of the council of ministers of Peru (1933–1934)
Uruguay
- President - Gabriel Terra, President of Uruguay (1931–1938)
Venezuela
- President - Juan Vicente Gómez, President of Venezuela (1931–1935)

References

↑ Egypt only became independent in 1922.
↑ In exile between 1936 and 1941.
↑ Iraq only became independent in 1932.
↑ Ibn Saud was Emir of Nejd and Hasa between 1902 and 1921, Sultan of Nejd between 1921 and 1927, King of Nejd between 1927 and 1932 additionally King of Hejaz between 1926 and 1932 (collectively referred to as King of Nejd and Hejaz), and King of Saudi Arabia from 1932.
↑ Yemen only became independent in 1918.
↑ Zog I was in power as President of Albania under the name of Ahmet Zogu between 1925 and 1928.
↑ In exile between 1940 and 1945.
↑ In exile between 1940 and 1945.
↑ In exile between 1940 and 1945.
↑ The title of the Portuguese head of government changed from 'President of the Ministry' to 'President of the Council of Ministers' on 11 April 1933.
↑ Kalinin was head of state of Russia (Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets) from 1919 to 1938, and head of state of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1946.
↑ The seven member Swiss Federal Council is the collective head of state and the government of Switzerland. Within the Council, the President of the Swiss Confederation serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.

External links

State leaders by year of the 20th century

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