Matsu-class destroyer

For other ships with the same name, see Matsu (ship) and Japanese destroyer Tachibana.
Momi, one of the members of this class
Class overview
Name: Matsu class
Builders:
Operators:
Preceded by:
Subclasses: Tachibana class
Built: 1943–1945
In commission: 1944–1971
Planned:
  • 42 (1943, Ship #5481-5522),
  • 32 (1944, Ship #4801-4832),
  • 80 (1945, Kai-Tachibana class)
Completed:
  • 18 (Matsu class),
  • 14 (Tachibana class)
Cancelled: 122
Lost: 10
Retired: 22 + 1 (JDS Wakaba)
General characteristics Matsu class
Displacement:
  • 1,260 tons standard
  • 1,530 tons in battle condition
Length:
  • 100.0 m (328 ft 1 in) overall,
  • 92.15 m (302 ft 4 in) waterline
Beam: 9.35 m (30 ft 8 in)
Draft: 3.30 m (10 ft 10 in)
Propulsion:
  • 2 × Kampon water tube boilers,
  • 2 × Kampon impulse geared[1] turbines, 19,000 shp (14 MW)
  • 2 shafts
Speed: 27.8 knots (32.0 mph; 51.5 km/h)
Range: 3,500 nmi (6,500 km) at 18 kn (21 mph; 33 km/h)
Complement: 211
Sensors and
processing systems:
Electronic warfare
& decoys:		 1 × 22-Gō surface search radar (wavelength 10 cm)
Armament:
General characteristics Tachibana class
Displacement:
  • 1,350 tons standard
  • 1,640 tons in battle condition
Length:
  • 100.0 m (328 ft 1 in) overall,
  • 92.15 m (302 ft 4 in) waterline
Beam: 9.35 m (30 ft 8 in)
Draft: 3.41 m (11 ft 2 in)
Propulsion:
  • 2 × Kampon water tube boilers,
  • 2 × Kanpon impulse geared[2] turbines, 19,000 shp (14 MW)
  • 2 shafts
Speed: 27.3 knots (31.4 mph; 50.6 km/h)
Sensors and
processing systems:
  • 1 × Type 3 active sonar,
  • 1 × Type 4 hydrophone
Electronic warfare
& decoys:
  • 1 × 22-Gō surface search radar (wavelength 10 cm),
  • 1 × 13-Gō early warning radar (wavelength 2 m)
Armament:
  • (Tachibana, January 1945)
  • 3 × 127 mm (5.0 in) L/40 Type 89 AA guns (1×2, 1×1)
  • 25 × 25 mm (1") AA guns (4×3, 13×1)
  • 4 × 610 mm (24 in) Type 92 torpedo tubes (1×4)
  • 4 × Type 93 torpedoes
  • 48 × Type 2 depth charges
General characteristics Kaiten carrier[4]
Armament:
  • (Take, 25 June 1945)
  • 3 × 127 mm (5.0 in) L/40 Type 89 AA guns (1×2, 1×1)
  • 39 × 25 mm (1") AA guns (4×3, 27×1)
  • 4 × 610 mm (24 in) Type 92 torpedo tubes (1×4)
  • 4 × Type 93 torpedoes
  • 48-60 × Type 2 depth charges
  • 1 × manned torpedo Kaiten Type 1

The Matsu-class destroyers (松型駆逐艦 Matsu-gata kuchikukan) were a class of destroyer built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), who referred to them as the Type-D Destroyer (丁型駆逐艦 Tei-gata kuchikukan).

Design basis

The Matsu class were built late in World War II, and they were intended to be more cost-effective in response to the changing character of naval warfare at that time. These ships were lighter and smaller than previous Japanese destroyers, with different armament such as enhanced anti-aircraft guns and anti-submarine weapons, and radar. Since surface warfare was believed to be less likely at this stage of the war, armament such as torpedo tubes that would be useful against surface ships was reduced.

As in other navies during the war, the IJN substantially simplified the design to speed up construction, and used Ōtori class machinery, because high speed was unnecessary for convoy escort operations. However, mass production was not achieved.

The Matsu class design was subsequently further simplified, resulting in the Tachibana-class destroyer (橘型駆逐艦 Tachibana-gata kuchikukan) or Modified Type-D Destroyer (改丁型駆逐艦 Kai Tei-gata kuchikukan). The Tachibana-class destroyers adopted the first modular design in a Japanese destroyer. Matsu-class destroyers whose construction was started late in the programme were completed as Tachibana class.

The IJN converted twelve destroyers to Kaiten mother ships to prepare for the Japanese mainland decisive battle.

Matsu and Tachibana classes compared

Matsu-class destroyer Take with kaiten. Lower illustration is Take in August 1945.
Tachibana. Arrows are difference to Matsu class.
Matsu class Tachibana class
Project number F55 F55B
Building method Ordinary Modular design
Main materials High-Tensile Strength steel (upper deck only) and Carbon steel Carbon steel only
Hull Double bottom Single bottom
Bow Knuckle bow Straight bow
Stern Destroyer stern Transom stern
Bilge Keel Boxy (Solid) Flat board
Active sonar Type 93 Type 3
Hydrophone Type 93 Type 4
Turbines high-pressure,
intermediate-pressure,
low-pressure,
and cruising		 high-pressure
and low-pressure

Ships of the classes

Ship # Japanese name & translation Class Builder Laid down Launched Completed Fate
5481 Matsu (松)
Pine tree		 Matsu Maizuru Naval Arsenal 8 August 1943 3 February 1944 28 April 1944 Sunk on 4 August 1944 by Navy ships 50 miles northwest by the Chichijima Islands (Ogasawara Islands)
5482 Take (竹)
Bamboo		 Matsu Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 15 October 1943 28 March 1944 16 June 1944 Surrendered to United Kingdom on 16 July 1947 at Singapore, scrapped
5483 Ume (梅)
Japanese apricot		 Matsu Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard 25 January 1944 24 April 1944 28 June 1944 Sunk 31 January 1945 airplanes US Air Force Army 20 miles to the south of the island of Formosa
5484 Momo (桃)
Peach		 Matsu Maizuru Naval Arsenal 5 November 1943 25 March 1944 10 June 1944 Sunk 15 December 1944 the Navy submarine US "Hookbill" 140 miles south-west of m.Bolinao (o-in Luzon)
5485 Kuwa (桑)
Mulberry		 Matsu Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard 20 December 1943 25 May 1944 15 July 1944 Sunk 3 December 1944 the Navy EM US Ormoc Bay (o-in Luzon)
5486 Kiri (桐)
Paulownia		 Matsu Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 1 February 1944 27 May 1944 14 August 1944 Delivered to Soviet Union on 29 July 1947 at Nakhodka, renamed Vozrozhdionny (Возрождённый), converted to target ship TSL-25 (1949) and depot ship PM-65 (1957), scrapped in 1969.
5487 Sugi (杉)
Cedar		 Matsu Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard 25 February 1944 3 July 1944 25 August 1944 Surrendered to the Republic of China on July 6, 1947 in Shanghai, called "Huiyang" Removed from the Navy list 11 November 1954 and scrapped
5488 Maki (槇)
Podocarpaceae		 Matsu Maizuru Naval Arsenal 19 February 1944 10 June 1944 10 August 1944 Surrendered to United Kingdom on 14 August 1947 at Singapore, scrapped 1947
5489 Momi (樅)
Abies firma		 Matsu Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 1 February 1944 16 June 1944 3 September 1944 Sunk on January 5, 1945 by US Navy carrier aircraft 28 miles west-southwest of Manila (on Luzon-in)
5490 Kashi (樫)
Live oak		 Matsu Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard 5 May 1944 13 August 1944 30 September 1944 Surrendered to United States on 7 August 1947 at Sasebo, scrapped 20 March 1948
5491 Yaezakura (八重櫻)
Prunus verecunda Antiqua		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 18 December 1944 17 March 1945 Discontinued on 23 June 1945 (60%). Sunk 18 July 1945
5492 Kaya (榧)
Torreya nucifera		 Matsu Maizuru Naval Arsenal 10 April 1944 30 July 1944 30 September 1944 Transferred to the Soviet Union July 5, 1947 in Nakhodka, It was called "Volevoy", converted to target ship "TSL-23" (1949), then to the floating heater "OT-61" (1958); excluded from the lists of the fleet on 1 August 1959 and scrapped.
5493 Nara (楢)
Oak		 Matsu Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard 10 June 1944 12 October 1944 26 November 1944 Scrapped 1 July 1948
5494 Yadake (矢竹)
Arrow bamboo		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 2 January 1945 1 May 1945 Construction stopped 17 April 1945. Launched to empty the dock. Converted to breakwater, 1948
5495 Kuzu (葛)
Kudzu
or
Madake (真竹)
Phyllostachys bambusoides		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 19 March 1945 Discontinued on 17 April 1945.
5496 Sakura (櫻)
Cherry blossom		 Matsu Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 2 June 1944 6 September 1944 25 November 1944 Sunk by a mine in the port of Osaka 11 July 1945
5497 Yanagi (柳)
Willow		 Matsu Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard 20 August 1944 25 November 1944 8 January 1945 Heavily damaged by aircraft and ran aground on July 14, 1945 at Ominato, scrapped in Ominato on April 1, 1947
5498 Tsubaki (椿)
Camellia		 Matsu Maizuru Naval Arsenal 20 June 1944 30 September 1944 30 November 1944 Scrapped 28 July 1948
5499 Kaki (柿)
Persimmon		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 5 October 1944 11 December 1944 5 March 1945 Surrendered to United States on 4 July 1947 at Qingdao. Sunk as target off 35°29′N 123°35′E / 35.483°N 123.583°E / 35.483; 123.583, 19 August 1947
5500 Kaba (樺)
Birch		 Tachibana Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard 15 October 1944 27 February 1945 29 May 1945 Surrendered to United States on 4 August 1947 at Sasebo, scrapped 1 March 1948
5501 Hayaume (早梅)
The Prunus mume which bloomed early		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal Cancelled in 1945.
5502 Hinoki (檜)
Chamaecyparis obtusa		 Matsu Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 4 March 1944 4 July 1944 30 September 1944 Sunk January 7, 1945 by US Navy ships while trying to exit from Manila Bay
5503 Katsura (桂)
Cercidiphyllum		 Tachibana Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard 30 November 1944 23 June 1945 Construction stopped 23 June 1945. Converted to breakwater.
5504 Tobiume (飛梅)
A sacred Prunus mume at Dazaifu Tenman-gū		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal Cancelled in 1945.
5505 Kaede (楓)
Maple		 Matsu Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 4 March 1944 25 June 1944 30 October 1944 Surrendered to the Republic of China on July 6, 1947 in Shanghai, named "Hengyang" removed from the Navy list in 1950, then scrapped in 1962
5506 Fuji (藤)
Wisteria		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal Cancelled in 1945.
5507 Wakazakura (若櫻)
Young cherry blossom		 Tachibana Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard 15 January 1945 Discontinued on 11 May 1945, scrapped.
5508 Keyaki (欅)
Zelkova serrata		 Matsu Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 22 June 1944 30 September 1944 15 December 1944 Surrendered to United States on 5 July 1947 at Yokosuka, Sunk as target off 34°44′N 140°01′E / 34.733°N 140.017°E / 34.733; 140.017, 29 October 1947
5509 Yamazakura (山櫻)
Cherry blossom at mountain		 Tachibana Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard Cancelled in 1945.
5510 Ashi (葦)
Phragmites		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal Cancelled on 26 March 1945.
5511 Tachibana (橘)
Citrus tachibana		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 8 July 1944 14 October 1944 20 January 1945 Sunk on 14 July 1945 by US Navy carrier aircraft in the Gulf of Hakolate
5512 Shinodake (篠竹)
Simon bamboo		 Tachibana Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard Cancelled in 1945.
5513 Yomogi (蓬)
Artemisia princeps		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal
5514 Tsuta (蔦)
Parthenocissus tricuspidata		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 31 July 1944 2 November 1944 8 February 1945 Surrendered to the Republic of China on July 31, 1947 in Shanghai, It was renamed "Huayang" , removed from the Navy list on 11 November 1954
5515 Aoi (葵)
Malvaceae		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal Cancelled in 1945.
5516 Shiraume (白梅)
White petal of Prunus mume		 Tachibana Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard
5517 Hagi (萩)
Lespedeza		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 11 September 1944 27 November 1944 1 March 1945 Surrendered to United Kingdom on 16 July 1947 at Singapore, scrapped
5518 Kiku (菊)
Chrysanthemum		 Tachibana Fujinagata Shipbuilding Yard Cancelled in 1945.
5519 Kashiwa (柏)
Daimyo oak		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal
5520 Sumire (菫)
Viola		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 21 October 1944 27 December 1944 26 March 1945 Surrendered to United Kingdom on 23 August 1947 at Hong Kong, sunk as target 1947
5521 Kusunoki (楠)
Cinnamomum camphora		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 9 November 1944 8 January 1945 28 April 1945 Surrendered to United Kingdom on 1947
5522 Hatsuzakura (初櫻)
Year's first cherry blossom		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 4 December 1944 10 February 1945 18 May 1945 Delivered to Soviet Union on 29 July 1947 at Nakhodka, renamed Vetrenny and soon Vyrazitel'ny (Выразительный), converted to target ship TSL-26 (1949), scrapped in 1958.
4801 Kigiku (黄菊)
Yellow chrysanthemum		 Tachibana Cancelled in March 1945.
4802 Hatsugiku (初菊)
Year's first chrysanthemum		 Tachibana
4803 Akane (茜)
Madder		 Tachibana
4804 Shiragiku (白菊)
White Chrysanthemum		 Tachibana
4805 Chigusa (千草)
Grass		 Tachibana
4806 Wakakusa (若草)
Spring grass		 Tachibana
4807 Natsugusa (夏草)
Summer grass		 Tachibana
4808 Akikusa (秋草)
Autumn grass		 Tachibana
4809 Nire (楡)
Elm		 Tachibana Maizuru Naval Arsenal 14 August 1944 25 November 1944 31 January 1945 Scrapped April 1948
4810 Nashi (梨)
Pyrus pyrifolia		 Tachibana Kōbe-Kawasaki Shipbuilding Yard 1 September 1944 17 January 1945 15 March 1945 Sunk 26 July 1945. Salvaged on 30 September 1954, Transferred to JDS Wakaba on 31 May 1956. Refitted in 1958 as a radar trials ship; sonar added in 1960. Struck on 31 March 1971 and scrapped 1972-1973.
4811 Shii (椎)
Castanopsis		 Tachibana Maizuru Naval Arsenal 18 September 1944 13 January 1945 13 March 1945 Delivered to Soviet Union on 5 July 1947 at Nakhodka, renamed Vol'ny (Вольный), converted to target ship TSL-24 (1949), scrapped in 1960.
4812 Enoki (榎)
Japanese Hackberry		 Tachibana Maizuru Naval Arsenal 14 October 1944 27 January 1945 31 March 1945 Sunk 26 June 1945, scrapped 1948
4813 Azusa (梓)
Catalpa		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 29 December 1944 Discontinued on 17 April 1945.
4814 Odake (雄竹)
Fat tall Bamboo		 Tachibana Maizuru Naval Arsenal 5 November 1944 10 March 1945 15 May 1945 Surrendered to United States on 14 July 1947 at Qingdao. Sunk as target off 35°29′N 122°52′E / 35.483°N 122.867°E / 35.483; 122.867, 17 September 1947
4815 Hatsuume (初梅)
Year's first Prunus mume		 Tachibana Maizuru Naval Arsenal 8 December 1944 25 April 1945 18 June 1945 Surrendered to Republic of China on 6 July 1947 at Shanghai, renamed Hsinyang, scrapped 1961
4816 Tochi (栃)
Aesculus		 Tachibana Maizuru Naval Arsenal 23 January 1945 (28 May 1945) Discontinued on 18 May 1945. Converted to breakwater.
4817 Hishi (菱)
Water caltrop		 Tachibana Maizuru Naval Arsenal 10 February 1945 Discontinued on 17 April 1945.
4818 Susuki (薄)
Miscanthus sinensis		 Tachibana Cancelled in March 1945.
4819 Nogiku (野菊)
Aster		 Tachibana
4820 Sakaki (榊)
Sakaki		 Tachibana Yokosuka Naval Arsenal 29 December 1944 Discontinued on 17 April 1945.
4821
to
4832		 12 destroyers Tachibana Cancelled in March 1945.
80 destroyers Kai-Tachibana Cancelled on 30 June 1945.

Notes

  1. ↑ Fitzsimons, Bernard, general editor. Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons and Warfare (London: Phoebus, 1978), Volume 17, p.1853, "Matsu".
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Fitzsimons, Volume 17, p.1853, "Matsu".
  3. ↑ Microform by "The National Institute for Defense Studies http://www.nids.go.jp/". External link in |title= (help).
  4. ↑ Converted to the Take, Kiri, Sugi, Maki, Kashi, Kaya, Kaede, Tsuta, Hagi, Nire, Nashi and Sii, from May to July 1945.

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