Spain at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

Spain at the
2016 Summer Paralympics
IPC code ESP
NPC Spanish Paralympic Committee
Website www.paralimpicos.es (Spanish)
in Rio de Janeiro
Competitors 127 in 15 sports
Flag bearer José Manuel Ruiz (table tennis)[1]
Medals
Ranked 11th
Gold Silver Bronze Total
9 14 8 31
Summer Paralympics appearances

Spain is scheduled to compete at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 7 to 18 September 2016. Spain qualified competitors in archery, cycling, sailing and wheelchair basketball.

Disability classifications

Every participant at the Paralympics has their disability grouped into one of five disability categories; amputation, the condition may be congenital or sustained through injury or illness; cerebral palsy; wheelchair athletes, there is often overlap between this and other categories; visual impairment, including blindness; Les autres, any physical disability that does not fall strictly under one of the other categories, for example dwarfism or multiple sclerosis.[2][3] Each Paralympic sport then has its own classifications, dependent upon the specific physical demands of competition. Events are given a code, made of numbers and letters, describing the type of event and classification of the athletes competing. Some sports, such as athletics, divide athletes by both the category and severity of their disabilities, other sports, for example swimming, group competitors from different categories together, the only separation being based on the severity of the disability.[4]

Archery

Athlete Event Ranking round Round of 32 Round of 16 Quarterfinals Semifinals Final / BM
Score Seed Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Rank
Manuel Sánchez Camús Men's compound W1 537 14 Q N/A  Kinik (SVK)
L 113–120
Did not advance
Liliana Oliveros Women's compound W1 540 6 Q N/A Bye  Kim (KOR)
L 113–124
Did not advance
Guillermo Javier Rodríguez Men's compound open 659 21 Q  Shelby (USA)
L 131–143
Did not advance
María del Carmen Rubio Women's compound open 600 16 Q  Tucker (USA)
W 133–124
 Zhou (CHN)
L 136–144
Did not advance
Manuel Sánchez Camús
Liliana Oliveros
Mixed team compound W1 1077 6 Q N/A  United States (USA)
L 113–128
Did not advance
Guillermo Javier Rodríguez
María del Carmen Rubio
Mixed team compound open 1259 10 Q N/A  Canada (CAN)
L 137–144
Did not advance

Athletics

Key
  • Note–Ranks given for track events are within the athlete's heat only
  • Q = Qualified for the next round
  • q = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser or, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target
  • qr = Qualify repechaged for the next round because a race incident
  • NR = National record
  • N/A = Round not applicable for the event
  • Bye = Athlete not required to compete in round
Men
Track & road events
Athlete Event Heat Semifinal Final
Result Rank Result Rank Result Rank
Abderrahman Ait Khamouch Marathon T45/46 N/A 2:37:01 2nd, silver medalist(s)
Gerard Descarrega
Guide: Marcos Blanquiño
400 m T11 50.53 1 Q N/A 50.22 1st, gold medalist(s)
Jordi Madera 5000 m T52/53/54 10:42.62 10 N/A Did not advance
Marathon T52/53/54 N/A 1:30:12 8
Joan Munar
Guide: Juan Enrique Vallés
200 m T12 22.88 1 Q 22.96 3 Did not advance
400 m T12 49.56 1 Q 50.12 2 q 50.08 4
Gustavo Nieves 5000 m T12/13 N/A DNF
Marathon T11/12 N/A DNF
Deliber Rodríguez 400 m T20 49.37 3 Q N/A 49.56 5
Dionibel Rodríguez 49.70 3 Q N/A 49.46 4
Santiago Sanz 1500 m T51/52 N/A 3:55.90 6
Alberto Suárez Marathon T11/12 N/A 2:33:11 2nd, silver medalist(s)
Gerard Descarrega
Guide: Marcos Blanquiño
Joan Munar
Guide: Juan Enrique Vallés
Martín Parejo
Guide: Enric Martín
Xavier Porras
Guide: Tim Stewart
4 × 100 m relay T11-13 DNF N/A Did not advance
Field events
Athlete Event Final
Distance Position
Héctor Cabrera Shot put F11/12 13.75 12
Javelin throw F12/13 58.47 5
David Casinos Discus throw F11 38.58 3rd, bronze medalist(s)
Kim López Shot put F11/12 16.44 1st, gold medalist(s)
Martín Parejo Long jump T11 5.39 10
Xavier Porras 6.05 6
Women
Track & road events
Athlete Event Heat Semifinal Final
Result Rank Result Rank Result Rank
Sara Andrés 100 m T43/44 14.06 6 N/A Did not advance
200 m T43/44 28.80 4 N/A Did not advance
400 m T43/44 N/A 1:05.64 5
Lia Beel Quintana
Guide: David Alonso Gutiérrez
100 m T11 13.99 4 Did not advance
200 m T11 29.65 4 Did not advance
Melani Berges
Guide: Sergio Sánchez
400 m T12 57.52 1 Q N/A 57.66 4
Elena Congost
Guide: Roger Esteve
1500 m T12/13 5:11.68 4 N/A Did not advance
Marathon T11/12 N/A 3:01.43 PR 1st, gold medalist(s)
Sara Fernández 100 m T12 13.96 3 Did not advance
Sara Martínez 100 m T12 14.59 2 Did not advance
Izaskun Oses 400 m T12 59.80 3 N/A Did not advance
1500 m T12/13 4:49.99 1 Q N/A 4:39.99 3rd, bronze medalist(s)
Mari Carmen Paredes
Guide: Lorenzo Sánchez
1500 m T12/13 5:19.03 5 N/A Did not advance
Marathon T11/12 N/A DNF
Lia Beel Quintana
Guide: David Alonso Gutiérrez
Melani Berges
Guide: Sergio Sánchez
Sara Martínez
Izaskun Oses
4 × 100 m relay T11-13 N/A 52.40 4
Field events
Athlete Event Final
Distance Position
Sara Fernández Long jump T12 4.47 8
Sara Martínez Long jump T12 5.52 4

Boccia

The Spain national boccia team qualified to the BC1/BC2 mixed team tournament (and for the individual tournament in both categories) because their third position in the BISFED 2015 Boccia World Team Rankings.

Athlete Event Groups phase Quarterfinals Semifinals Final / BM
Score Rank Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Opposition
Score
Rank
José Manuel Prado Mixed individual BC1  Soulanis (GRE) L 1–6
 Leung (HKG) W 6–0
 Ibarbure (ARG) L 0–8
4 Did not advance
Manuel Martín Mixed individual BC2  Vongsa (THA) L 2–12
 Murray (GBR) W 8–2
2 Did not advance
José Manuel Prado
Manuel Martín
Mixed team BC1–2  Hong Kong (HKG) L 3–6
 Brazil (BRA) L 1–8
3 Did not advance

Cycling

Men with bicycle.
Ignacio Avila Rodriguez and his guide in Rio.

With one pathway for qualification being one highest ranked NPCs on the UCI Para-Cycling male and female Nations Ranking Lists on 31 December 2014, Spain qualified for the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio, assuming they continued to meet all other eligibility requirements.[5][6]

Road

Athlete Event Time Rank
Ignacio Ávila
Pilot: Joan Font
Men's road race B 2:26:33 2nd, silver medalist(s)
Men's time trial B 36:45.05 10
Josefa Benítez
Pilot: Beatriu Gómez
Women's road race B 2:06:21 8
Women's time trial B 42:32.37 10
Alfonso Cabello Men's road race C4–5 DNF
Maurice Eckhard Men's road race C1–2–3 1:14:50 16
Men's time trial C2 28:22.17 4
Carlos González
Pilot: Noèl Martin
Men's road race B 2:27:05 4
Men's time trial B 36:35.43 8
Amador Granados Men's road race C3 DNF
Juan José Méndez Men's road race C1–2–3 1:17:09 23
Men's time trial C1 30:05.23 7
César Neira Men's road race C4–5 DNF
Men's time trial C4 40:18.26 8
Eduardo Santas Men's road race C3 1:13:03 7

Track

Athlete Event Qualification Final
Time Rank Opposition
Time
Rank
Ignacio Ávila
Pilot: Joan Font
Men's 1000 m team trial B N/A 1:03.533 7
Men's 4000 m individual pursuit B 4:13.536 3 Q 4:16.674 4
Josefa Benítez
Pilot: Beatriu Gómez
Women's 1000 m team trial B N/A 1:15.382 12
Women's 3000 m individual pursuit B 3:46.984 11 Did not advance
Alfonso Cabello Men's 1000 m time trial C4–5 N/A 1:04.494 PR[7] 3rd, bronze medalist(s)
Maurice Eckhard Men's 3000 m individual pursuit C2 3:57.786 7 Did not advance
Carlos González
Pilot: Noèl Martin
Men's 4000 m individual pursuit B 4:19.752 7 Did not advance
Amador Granados Men's 1000 m time trial C1–2–3 N/A 1:18.378 22
Juan José Méndez Men's 1000 m time trial C1–2–3 N/A 1:22.236 24
Men's 3000 m individual pursuit C1 4:19.161 9 Did not advance
César Neira Men's 4000 m individual pursuit C4 N/A 5:01.045 9
Eduardo Santas Men's 1000 m time trial C1–2–3 N/A 1:12.276 7
Men's 3000 m individual pursuit C3 3:45.398 6 Did not advance
Alfonso Cabello
Amador Granados
Eduardo Santas
Mixed 750 m team sprint C1–5 51.011 3 Q 50.664 3rd, bronze medalist(s)

daggerThe Men's 1000 metres C4-5 time trial is an event with cyclist of class C4 and C5. Alfonso Cabello made the C5 Paralympic Record.

Football 5-a-side

The Spain men's national Football 5-a-side team qualified to the tournament after the Russian team was banned, and because of their third position (behind Russia) in the 2015 IBSA Football 5-a-side European Championships.

The following is the Spain squad in the football 5-a-side tournament of the 2016 Summer Paralympics.[8]

0#0 Pos. Player Class Date of birth (age)
1 GK Gutiérrez, PedroPedro Gutiérrez Sighted (1986-01-25)25 January 1986 (aged 30)
3 FW Giera Tejuelo, José LuisJosé Luis Giera Tejuelo B1 (1985-07-28)28 July 1985 (aged 31)
4 DF López, IvánIván López B1 (1992-11-10)10 November 1992 (aged 23)
5 DF Garrido Alarcón, CarmeloCarmelo Garrido Alarcón B1 (1971-09-12)12 September 1971 (aged 44)
6 DF Acosta Rodríguez, Adolfo SamuelAdolfo Samuel Acosta Rodríguez B1 (1981-05-19)19 May 1981 (aged 35)
8 DF Muñoz Perez, Francisco JavierFrancisco Javier Muñoz Perez B1 (1985-12-12)12 December 1985 (aged 30)
9 FW Alamar, SergioSergio Alamar B1 (2000-10-20)20 October 2000 (aged 15)
10 FW El Haddaqui Rabil, YoussefYoussef El Haddaqui Rabil B1 (1988-12-28)28 December 1988 (aged 27)
11 FW Rosado Carrasco, MarceloMarcelo Rosado Carrasco B1 (1978-10-02)2 October 1978 (aged 37)
12 GK Rodríguez, SergioSergio Rodríguez Sighted (1987-07-11)11 July 1987 (aged 29)
Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1 Argentina 3 2 1 0 3 0 +3 7 Semi finals
2 China 3 2 1 0 3 0 +3 7
3 Spain 3 1 0 2 1 2 1 3 5th–6th place match
4 Mexico 3 0 0 3 0 5 5 0 7th–8th place match

9 September 2016
11:00

Spain  0–1 China
Report Wang Z.  43'
Olympic Tennis Centre, Rio de Janeiro
Attendance: 2,569
Referee: Germi Guimaraes (Brazil)

11 September 2016
11:00

Argentina  1–0 Spain
Véliz  29' Report
Olympic Tennis Centre, Rio de Janeiro
Attendance: 2,374
Referee: Lucio Morgado (Brazil)

13 September 2016
20:00

Mexico  0–1 Spain
Report Acosta  14'
Olympic Tennis Centre, Rio de Janeiro
Attendance: 3,080
Referee: Rafael Glock (Brazil)
5th–6th place match

15 September 2016
11:00

Turkey  0–0 Spain
Report
  Penalties  
  • Sümer
  • Şatay
  • Öcal
1–0
Olympic Tennis Centre, Rio de Janeiro
Attendance: 971
Referee: Stuart Winton (Great Britain)

Judo

Athlete Event Preliminaries Quarterfinals Semifinals Repechage Final / BM
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank
Mónica Merenciano Women's 57 kg Bye  Seo (KOR)
L 000–110
Did not advance  Buranyi (HUN)
W 101–000
 Hirose (JPN)
L 000–101
5
Luis Daniel Gavilán Men's 66 kg  Fujimoto (JPN)
L 000–100
Did not advance  Jongseok (KOR)
L 000–100
Did not advance
Álvaro Gavilán Men's 73 kg  Meskine (ALG)
L 000–002
Did not advance
Abel Vázquez Men's 90 kg  Cavalcante (BRA)
L 000–101
Did not advance

Paracanoeing

Spain qualified one boat in men's KL2 in the 2016 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships.

Athlete Event Heats Semifinal Final
Score Rank Score Rank Score Rank
Javier Reja Men's KL2 52.325 5 Q 52.389 6 Did not advance

Powerlifting

Athlete Event Attempts Result Rank
1 2 3
Loida Zabala Women's 50 kg 95 101 193 95 5

Sailing

One pathway for qualifying for Rio involved having a boat have top seven finish at the 2015 Combined World Championships in a medal event where the country had nor already qualified through via the 2014 IFDS Sailing World Championships. Spain qualified for the 2016 Games under this criteria in the Sonar event with a thirteenth-place finish overall and the fifth country who had not qualified via the 2014 Championships. The boat was crewed by Francisco Llobet, Hector Garcia, and Manuel Gimeno.[9][10][11] They qualified a second boat in the SKUD 18 event with a thirteenth-place finish overall and the fifth country who had not qualified via the 2014 Championships. The boat was crewed by Sergio Roig and Violeta Del Reino.[9][11][12] Spain qualified a third boat in the 2.4m event with a seventeenth-place finish overall and the seventh country who had not qualified via the 2014 Championships. The boat was crewed by Antonio Maestre. He tied with fellow Spaniard Montes Vorcy Arturo for seventeenth place but won on the tiebreaker.[9][11][13]

Athlete Event Race Total points Net points Rank
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Arturo Montes 2.4 mR 11 12 10 3 8 11 13 10 10 9 4 101 88 9
Violeta Del Reino
Sergey Roig
SKUD 18 9 10 9 9 8 5 10 8 8 7 6 89 79 9
Hector Álvarez
Manuel Gimeno
Francisco Llobet
Sonar 9 7 13 15 10 14 9 13 13 14 12 129 114 14

Shooting

The country sent shooters to 2015 IPC IPC Shooting World Cup in Osijek, Croatia, where Rio direct qualification was available. They earned a qualifying spot at this event based on the performance of Juan Antonio Saavedra in the R6 – 50m Rifle Prone Mixed SH1 event.[14][15]

Athlete Event Qualification Final
Score Rank Score Rank
Juan Antonio Saavedra Mixed R6 50m rifle prone SH1 613.9 12 Did not advance

Swimming

The top two finishers in each Rio medal event at the 2015 IPC Swimming World Championships earned a qualifying spot for their country for Rio. Teresa Perales earned Spain a spot after winning gold in the Women's 50m Backstroke S5.[16][17]

Table tennis

Athlete Event Group First round Quarterfinals Semifinals Final / BM
Opposition
Result
Position Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank
Miguel Rodríguez Men's individual class 3  Merren (FRA) L 0–3
 Nalepka (POL) L 2–3
3 Did not advance
Bilal El Baqqali Men's individual class 5  Cao (CHN) L 1-3
 Kim (KOR) L 0-3
3 Did not advance
Bilal El Baqqali
Miguel Rodríguez
Men's team class 4–5 N/A  Egypt (EGY)
L 1-2
Did not advance
Alberto Seoane Men's individual class 6  Rosenmeier (DEN) L 3-1
 Alecci (ITA) W 3–2
2 Q Bye  Thainiyom (THA)
L 2–3
Did not advance
Álvaro Varela  Dettoni (CHI) W 3-0
 Simion (ROU) W 3-0
1 Q Bye  Wetherill (GBR)
W 3–2
 Thainiyom (THA)
W 3–1
 Rosenmeier (DEN)
L 2–3
2nd, silver medalist(s)
Jordi Morales Men's individual class 7  Popov (UKR) W 3–1
 Horut (CZE) W 3–1
1 Q Bye  Messi (FRA)
W 3–1
 Bayley (GBR)
L 1–3
 Yan (CHN)
L 1–3
4
Jordi Morales
Alberto Seoane
Álvaro Varela
Men's team class 6–8 N/A  Brazil (BRA)
W 2–1
 Great Britain (GBR)
L 1–2
Did not advance
Juan Bautista Pérez Men's individual class 9  Thompson (GBR) L 0–3
 Fraczyk  (AUT) L 2–3
2 Q Bye  Zhao (CHN)
W 3–2
 Devos (BEL)
L 0–3
 Kalem (ITA)
L 0–3
4
Jorge Cardona Men's individual class 10  Chojnowski (POL) L 3–0
 Karabec (CZE) W 3–0
2 Q Bye  Ge (CHN)
L 0–3
Did not advance
José Manuel Ruiz  Carbinatti (BRA) W 3–0
 Gardos (AUT) L 1–3
2 Q  Hao (CHN)
L 1–3
Did not advance
Jorge Cardona
Juan Bautista Pérez
José Manuel Ruiz
Men's team class 9–10 N/A Bye  Czech Republic (CZE)
W 2–1
 Poland (POL)
W 2–1
 China (CHN)
L 1–2
2nd, silver medalist(s)
Eduardo Cuesta Men's individual class 11  Kim (KOR) L 3-0
 Navrotskyi (UKR) W 3-2
3 Did not advance

Triathlon

Athlete Event Swim (750 m) Trans 1 Bike (20 km) Trans 2 Run (5 km) Total Time Rank
Lionel Morales Men's PT2 12:08 2:16 38:21 1:04 22:54 1:16:43 7
Rakel Mateo Women's PT2 13:28 2:43 48:40 1:18 34:24 1:40:33 8
Jairo Ruiz Men's PT4 11:06 1:14 33:11 0:41 17:02 1:03:14 3rd, bronze medalist(s)
Susana Rodríguez
Pilot: Mabel Gallardo
Women's PT5 16:20 1:21 34:59 0:53 21:56 1:15:29 5

Wheelchair basketball

The Spain men's national wheelchair basketball team has qualified for the 2016 Rio Paralympics.[18] During the draw, Brazil had the choice of which group they wanted to be in. They were partnered with Spain, who would be in the group Brazil did not select. Brazil chose Group B, which included Iran, the United States, Great Britain, Germany and Algeria. That left Spain in Group A with Australia, Canada, Turkey, the Netherlands and Japan.[19]

Pos Team Pld W L PF PA PD Pts Qualification
1  Spain 5 4 1 341 265 +76 9[lower-alpha 1] Quarter-finals
2  Turkey 5 4 1 327 272 +55 9[lower-alpha 1]
3  Australia 5 4 1 342 293 +49 9[lower-alpha 1]
4  Netherlands 5 2 3 264 294 30 7
5  Japan 5 1 4 278 300 22 6 9th/10th place playoff
6  Canada 5 0 5 222 350 128 5 11th/12th place playoff
Source: Paralympic.org
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head results; 3) Points difference; 4) Points scored.
Notes:
  1. 1 2 3 Head-to-head record: Spain 3 pts, +8 PD; Turkey 3 pts, +1 PD; Japan 3 pts, −9 PD
8 September 2016
21:30
Spain  8046 Canada
Scoring by quarter: 20–11, 23–9, 22–14, 15–12
Pts: A. Zarzuela 22
Rebs: A. Zarzuela 10
Asts: García 7
Pts: Eng 12
Rebs: Hickey 4
Asts: Cocin 5
Carioca Arena 1, Rio de Janeiro
Referees: Carsten Rehling
9 September 2016
15:45
Japan  3955 Spain
Scoring by quarter: 11–8, 12–18, 4–16, 12–13
Pts: Kozai 11
Rebs: Fujimoto, Chiwaki 11
Asts: Kozai 8
Pts: Mouriz 20
Rebs: A. Zarzuela 10
Asts: Alejos 4
Carioca Arena 1, Rio de Janeiro
Referees: Bill Kuerzi
10 September 2016
10:30
Spain  6568 Turkey
Scoring by quarter: 20–21, 16–13, 14–15, 15–19
Pts: A. Zarzuela, P. Zarzuela 18
Rebs: A. Zarzuela 11
Asts: García 14
Pts: Gürbulak 39
Rebs: Gezinci, Gümüş 6
Asts: Gürbulak 8
Carioca Arena 1, Rio de Janeiro
Referees: Max Kindervater
11 September 2016
08:30
Spain  7564 Australia
Scoring by quarter: 11–21, 24–12, 16–10, 24–21
Pts: A. Zarzuela, P. Zarzuela 17
Rebs: A. Zarzuela 13
Asts: García 11
Pts: Knowles 28
Rebs: Knowles 11
Asts: Norris 6
Rio Olympic Arena, Rio de Janeiro
Referees: Cristian Roja
12 September 2016
17:15
Netherlands  4866 Spain
Scoring by quarter: 12–24, 9–23, 9–8, 18–11
Pts: Korkmaz 13
Rebs: Poggenwisch 8
Asts: Poggenwisch 4
Pts: A. Zarzuela 19
Rebs: three players 7
Asts: García 10
Rio Olympic Arena, Rio de Janeiro
Referees: Carsten Rehling
Quarter-finals
14 September 2016
11:45
Spain  7066  Germany
Scoring by quarter: 19–21, 15–19, 14–13, 22–13
Pts: A. Zarzuela, García 22
Rebs: A. Zarzuela 18
Asts: García 13
Pts: Halouski 21
Rebs: Halouski 15
Asts: Bienek 8
Rio Olympic Arena, Rio de Janeiro
Referees: Bill Kuerzi
Semifinals
15 September 2016
17:30
Spain  6963  Great Britain
Scoring by quarter: 12–14, 23–14, 12–15, 20–20
Pts: García, A. Zarzuela 19
Rebs: García 13
Asts: García 13
Pts: Sagar 18
Rebs: Choudrhy 8
Asts: Pratt 8
Rio Olympic Arena, Rio de Janeiro
Referees: Sebastien Gauthier
Final
17 September 2016
17:30
Spain  5268  United States
Scoring by quarter: 8-12, 15-17, 19-18, 10-21
Pts: A. Zarzuela 20
Rebs: García 10
Asts: García 16
Pts: Williams 20
Rebs: Serio 8
Asts: Serio 10
Rio Olympic Arena, Rio de Janeiro
Referees: Mat Wells

Wheelchair tennis

Lola Ochoa qualified for Rio in the women's singles event via a Bipartite Commission Invitation place. Daniel Caverzaschi, Martin De La Puente and Francesc Tur qualified in the men's singles event via the standard qualification process.[20]

Athlete Event Round of 64 Round of 32 Round of 16 Quarterfinals Semifinals Final / BM
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank
Daniel Caverzaschi Men's singles  Wei (CHN)
W 2-6, 6–1, 6-3
 Baldwin (USA)
W 6–0, 6-3
 Houdet (FRA)
L 0-6, 1–6
Did not advance
Martín De la Puente  Santos (BRA)
W 6–1, 6-4
 Fernández (ARG)
L 2-6, 4–6
Did not advance
Francesc Tur  Weekes (AUS)
L 5-7, 3–6
Did not advanced
Lola Ochoa Women's singles Bye  Kruger (GER)
L 1-6, 1–6
Did not advance
Daniel Caverzaschi
Martin De la Puente
Men's doubles N/A Bye  Denayer /
Gerard (BEL)
W 7–5, 6–7(4–7), 6–2
 Hewett /
Reid (GBR)
L 2-6, 0–6
Did not advance

See also

References

  1. "JOSÉ MANUEL RUIZ SERÁ EL ABANDERADO ESPAÑOL EN LOS JUEGOS PARALÍMPICOS DE RÍO".
  2. "Paralympics categories explained". ABC. 3 September 2008. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
  3. "Making sense of the categories". BBC Sport. 6 October 2000. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
  4. "A-Z of Paralympic classification". BBC Sport. 28 August 2008. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
  5. "CYCLING QUALIFICATION" (PDF). International Paralympic Committee. 2014. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
  6. "Ranking — PARA — Cycling 2014". UCI. 31 December 2014. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
  7. Official Result Men's 1000 m time trial C4-5 from Rio2016.org
  8. "Men's Football 5-a-side – Team Rosters – Spain". Rio 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
  9. 1 2 3 "Sailing Qualification" (PDF). International Paralympic Committee. 2015. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
  10. "Sonar". Royal Yacht Club Victoria. 2015. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
  11. 1 2 3 "Ten countries guarantee their place in the Rio 2016 Paralympic sailing competition". Rio 2016 Official Website. 26 August 2014. Retrieved 27 August 2014.
  12. "SKUD 18". Royal Yacht Club Victoria. 2015. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
  13. "2.4m". Royal Yacht Club Victoria. 2015. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
  14. "Shooting Qualification" (PDF). International Paralympic Committee. 2014. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
  15. "2015 IPC IPC Shooting World Cup in Osijek, Croatia Official Results Book" (PDF). International Paralympic Committee. 15 July 2015. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
  16. "Swimming QUALIFICATION" (PDF). International Paralympic Committee. 2014. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
  17. "Daily Medallists". International Paralympic Committee. July 2015. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
  18. "Rio 2016 Paralympic Games". Wheechair Basketball Canada. 2015. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
  19. "Groups drawn for wheelchair basketball at Rio 2016 Paralympic Games". Rio 2016. Retrieved 2016-08-25.
  20. "ITF announces singles entries for Rio 2016 Paralympics". ITF Tennis. ITF Tennis. June 24, 2016. Retrieved August 24, 2016.
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