Taipei Songshan Airport
| Taipei International Airport (Taipei Songshan Airport) 臺北國際航空站 臺北松山機場 Táiběi Guójì Hángkōngzhàn Táiběi Sōngshān Jīchǎng | |||||||||||
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| IATA: TSA – ICAO: RCSS | |||||||||||
| Summary | |||||||||||
| Airport type | Public & Military | ||||||||||
| Operator |
Civil Aeronautics Administration Ministry of National Defense | ||||||||||
| Serves | Taipei | ||||||||||
| Location | Songshan District, Taipei, Taiwan | ||||||||||
| Hub for | |||||||||||
| Focus city for | |||||||||||
| Elevation AMSL | 5 m / 18 ft | ||||||||||
| Coordinates | 25°04′10″N 121°33′06″E / 25.06944°N 121.55167°E | ||||||||||
| Website | Taipei Songshan Airport | ||||||||||
| Map | |||||||||||
  TSA Location of airport in Taiwan | |||||||||||
| Runways | |||||||||||
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| Statistics (2013) | |||||||||||
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Sources: Civil Aeronautics Ministry[1] | |||||||||||
| Taipei Songshan Airport | |||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 臺北松山機場 | ||||||||||
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| Simplified Chinese | 台北松山机场 | ||||||||||
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Taipei Songshan Airport (IATA: TSA, ICAO: RCSS) (Chinese: 臺北松山機場; pinyin: Táiběi Sōngshān Jīchǎng) is a mid-size commercial airport and military airbase located in Songshan, Taipei, Taiwan. The airport covers an area of 182 hectares (1.82 km2).[2]
The civilian section of Songshan Airport, officially Taipei International Airport (臺北國際航空站; Táiběi Gúojì Hángkōngzhàn), has scheduled flights serving domestically in Taiwan, and also to China, South Korea and Japan, with the vast majority of international flights out of the Taipei area served by Taoyuan International Airport. Songshan Airport is also the base of certain Republic of China Air Force units as part of the Songshan Air Force Base (空軍松山基地; Kōngjūn Sōngshān Jīdì). The Songshan Base Command's main mission is to serve the President and Vice President of the Republic of China (Taiwan).
History
The airport was built in 1936 during Japanese rule with its origins as a Japanese military airbase, the Taihoku Airfield (Japanese: 臺北飛行場 Hepburn: Taihoku Hikōjō), also known as Matsuyama Airfield (松山飛行場). After World War II, in 1946, it was taken over by the Republic of China Air Force.[3] Before the end of the Chinese Civil War and the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the airport provided flight routes between Shanghai and Taipei, occasionally via Fuzhou.[3]
Shared military and civilian use—both domestic and international—began on 16 April 1950[4] in the reconstructed Civil Aeronautics Administration Taipei Airport (交通部民用航空局台北航空站).[3] Domestic destinations have been Kaohsiung, Hualien, Taichung, Makung, and Tainan. The first international destinations were Seattle, Tokyo, Pusan, Manila, Bangkok, and Hong Kong.[3] The first international airlines included Northwest Airlines, Pan American Airlines, and Hong Kong Airways (now Cathay Pacific). Later, the airport became too small to handle an increased number of passengers, even after a series of expansions. This later worsened when new wide-body jets became common at the airport.[3] Therefore, all international activities were relocated to Chiang Kai-shek International Airport after its inauguration on 26 February 1979.[3][5] Consequently, the passenger load at the airport dropped from 6.2 million in 1978 to 2.9 million in 1979 (a 53% decrease).[6] At its peak in 1997, the airport handled over 15.3 million passengers annually.
Service to Taichung and Chiayi was stopped in mid-2007 after the load factor dropped significantly due to Taiwan High Speed Rail start of revenue service in January 2007. Passenger volume decreased from 6.7 million in 2006 to 4.4 million in 2007 (a 34% decrease).[6] Also due to the opening of the high speed rail line, on 1 March 2008, Uni Air suspended its service to Kaohsiung, while Far Eastern Air Transport suspended its service to Tainan.[7] TransAsia Airways decided to stop flights to Tainan and Kaohsiung after 1 August 2008.[8][9]
In early 1999 when the construction of Taipei 101 had just started, Taiwan's Civil Aeronautics Administration changed this airport's certain SID and STAR procedures to avoid possible collision with the building. The 677-meter Fuxing North Road Underground Passage (復興北路車行地下道) was constructed between 1997 and 2006 under this airport's runway to link the north and south side of this airport.[10]
Regular Taiwan-China charter flights to China started on 4 July 2008, with Songshan receiving the majority of flights.[11] Direct flights to China were an issue of contention. Then-mayor Ma Ying-jeou had been pressing to make Songshan Airport Taipei's main International terminal, citing that its location close to the city center would make it preferable for business travelers. However, building height restrictions around the airport raised concerns about flight safety, blocking of radio communications, noise pollution, and a reduced number of flights.[12]
The continuing growth of Taipei City means that Songshan airport is situated in the heart of downtown Taipei. Compared to Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport, Songshan Airport saves travelers about 30 minutes due to its location inside Taipei City's central business district, but the city suffers from the noise, pollution, restrictions on urban planning, and traffic congestion the airport brings about. In the 2002 and 2006 Taipei Mayor Election DPP candidates Lee Ying-yuan and Frank Hsieh both proposed the plan to close Songshan Airport, and developed its land into road, huge park, detention basin and sports arena, since the Taiwan High Speed Rail could quickly take up the traffic load between Taipei and western Taiwan cities, and the remaining service to outlying islands and eastern Taiwan could be easily taken over by the Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport after the completion of Taoyuan International Airport Access MRT System by the end of 2016. Also, the MRT system will make the international potential of Songshan airport less attractive. The Songshan Airport closing proposal was deferred under the Taipei City Government which has long been dominated by the Pan-Blue Coalition, who prefers the downtown airport connection concept with Shanghai, Seoul, and Tokyo.
Due to the introduction of Taiwan-China flights and future international potential, the airport is undergoing extensive renovations, the first phase of which is expected to be completed by October 2010.[13] The second and third phase renovations are expected to be completed by March and October 2011, respectively. However, as of November 2011 renovations are still in progress. A new international cargo terminal is being built in anticipation of a new air route between Taiwan and Japan.[14] The unused Terminal 2 was refurbished to accommodate arriving flights while the main Terminal, now Terminal 1, was rearranged to handle increased passenger traffic.[11] On 29 March 2011, the renovated Terminal 2 was re-opened to handle domestic flights.[15]
International potential
Songshan Airport is seen to have the potential to attract business travelers within Pacific Asia due to its location in downtown Taipei. Flights to Bangkok–Don Mueang, Jakarta–Halim Perdanakusuma, Kuala Lumpur–Subang, Nagoya–Komaki, Osaka–Itami, Seoul–Gimpo,[16] Shanghai–Hongqiao, and Tokyo–Haneda[16] are especially attractive since these airports are also in the central areas of their respective cities, and all these cities have larger far flung international airports. The airport is currently in the process of expansion to better accommodate international flights.[17]
On 6 March 2009, Japan and Taiwan signed a Memorandum of Understanding on the revision of Taiwan–Japan bilateral traffic. Four carriers (EVA Air, China Airlines, Japan Airlines, and ANA) would be able to operate from Songshan Airport to Tokyo–Haneda. In December 2009, an affirmative schedule for the route between Tokyo–Haneda and Taipei–Songshan was announced.[18] Starting in October 2010, EVA Air, China Airlines, Japan Airlines, and ANA each operates two flights a day from Taipei–Songshan to Tokyo–Haneda,[18] with China Airlines and EVA Air both utilizing the A330-300 on the route. Japan Airlines and ANA began this route with the Boeing 767. ANA replaced one daily flight with the Boeing 787-8 since 1 June 2013.
On 14 June 2010, direct flights between Taipei–Songshan and Shanghai–Hongqiao began.[19] Each week has 28 flights, served by China Eastern Airlines, Shanghai Airlines, Air China, China Airlines, EVA Air, and TransAsia Airways. The airport will undergo upgrades to its runway and reduce its jet bridges from eight to six to accommodate wider contemporary aircraft such as the Airbus A330 and Boeing 767.[20]
Airlines and destinations
Traffic and statistics
In 2014, Songshan Airport handled 6,111,776 passengers and 43,528.4 tons of cargo.[1] The route between Taipei Songshan Airport and Kinmen Airport is the busiest domestic route in Taiwan, with 1,243,385 travelers in 2014.[22] In 2014, the ten routes with the largest number of passengers are as follows:
| Rank | Airport | Category | Passengers 2014 | Carriers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tokyo–Haneda | International | 1,417,641 | All Nippon Airways, China Airlines, EVA Air, Japan Airlines |
| 2 | Kinmen | Domestic | 1,243,385 | Far Eastern Air Transport, Mandarin Airlines, Transasia Airways, Uni Air |
| 3 | Makung | Domestic | 876,291 | Far Eastern Air Transport, Mandarin Airlines, Transasia Airways, Uni Air |
| 4 | Shanghai–Hongqiao | International | 710,882 | Air China, China Airlines, China Eastern, EVA Air, Transasia Airways, Shanghai Airlines |
| 5 | Taitung | Domestic | 270,085 | Mandarin Airlines, Uni Air |
| 6 | Seoul–Gimpo | International | 234,580 | China Airlines, Easter Jet, EVA Air, T'way Airlines |
| 7 | Shanghai–Pudong | International | 209,448 | Shanghai Airlines, Transasia Airways, Uni Air |
| 8 | Matsu–Nangan | Domestic | 202,068 | Uni Air |
| 9 | Fuzhou | International | 166,702 | Mandarin Airlines, Transasia Airways, Xiamen Airlines |
| 10 | Xiamen | International | 142,811 | Uni Air, Xiamen Airlines |
Ground transportation
Rail
The airport is served by the Taipei Metro Neihu Line's Songshan Airport Station.[24] The TRA Songshan Airport Line also formerly served Songshan Airport from 1936 until 1976.
Bus
Several city buses also serve this airport, providing frequent links to the Tamsui Line and Wenshan Line of the Taipei Metro.
Accidents and incidents
- On 20 February 1970, Douglas DC-3 B-243 of Far Eastern Air Transport crashed into a mountain shortly after take-off. The aircraft was operating a cargo flight, both crew were killed.[25]
- On 7 October 1974, a Vickers Viscount of Far Eastern Air Transport was the subject of an attempted hijacking. The hijacker was overpowered and the aircraft landed at its intended destination of Taipei Songshan Airport.[26]
- On 1 February 1975, Vickers Viscount PK-RVM of Mandala Airlines was damaged beyond economic repair when it overran the runway.[27]
- On 31 July 1975, Vickers Viscount B-2029 of Far Eastern Air Transport crashed killing 27 of the 75 people on board.[28]
- On 10 October 1997, a Republic of China Air Force C-130 Hercules 1310, c/n 5067, delivered October 1986, same August 1996. The aircraft crashed during an attempted go-around killing all 5 on board.
- On February 4, 2015, TransAsia Airways Flight 235, an ATR 72-600 (B-22816), crashed shortly after takeoff from Taipei Songshan Airport, first clipping a taxi and then crashing into Keelung River near Taipei. Of the 53 passengers and 5 crew members, 43 were killed.[29]
See also
References
- 1 2 "民航運輸各機場營運量－按機場分" (PDF). CAA. CAA. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
- ↑ "Introduction to TSA". Taipei Songshan Airport. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "A Review: 50 Years of the Taipei Songshan Airport". Taipei Songshan Airport. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
- ↑ "Basic Information". Taipei Songshan Airport. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
- ↑ Xing, Zheng Yuan (1979). China yearbook. China Pub. Co. p. 10. Retrieved 7 July 2011.
- 1 2 "The Statistic Table of Working Capability in Taipei International Air Terminal From 1952 to 2008". Taipei Songshan Airport. Retrieved 18 July 2011.
- ↑ Shelly Shan (29 January 2008). "CAA approves end of Taipei–Kaohsiung flights on Uni Air". Retrieved 17 June 2010.
- ↑ "Flight routes may decrease gradually". The China Post. 17 July 2008. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
- ↑ "No more Taipei–Tainan flights after July". The China Post. 23 July 2008. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
- ↑ "TAIWAN INAUGURATES US$142 MLN ROAD TUNNEL UNDER AIRPORT.". AsiaPulse News. 6 November 2006. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
- 1 2 "Taipei airport being renovated". The China Post. 22 June 2008. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
- ↑ "Gov't picks inferior option for airport: lawmaker". 12 November 2007. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
- ↑ "President promises all-out effort in renovating Songshan Airport". 15 June 2010. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
- ↑ "Songshan Airport to build international cargo terminal". Taiwan News. 22 July 2009. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
- ↑ "Songshan Airport's Terminal 2 to open for domestic flights Tuesday". 25 March 2011. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
- 1 2 "Hau criticizes Su after unveiling election slogan". Taipei Times. 9 June 2010. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
- ↑ "Songshan Airport expansion may be delayed". China Post. 28 February 2010. Retrieved 2 March 2010.
- 1 2 "Taiwan, Japan sign pact". The China Post. 12 December 2009. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
- ↑ 上海虹橋和台北松山開始直航 (in Chinese). BBC. 14 June 2010.
- ↑ 松山機場打造首都機場 釀飛安疑慮 (in Chinese). 16 May 2009.
- ↑ "Mandarin Airlines schedules 3-month Hualien service from Dec 2016". routesonline. Retrieved 28 November 2016.}
- ↑ "臺閩地區國內航線班機載客率及市場佔有率－按航線分" (PDF). CAA. CAA. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
- ↑ "台北松山機場國際及兩岸定期航線班機載客率－按航線分" (PDF). CAA. CAA. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
- ↑ "Route Map: Songshan Airport". Department of Rapid Transit Systems. Archived from the original on 2 September 2011. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
- ↑ "B-243 Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 12 October 2010.
- ↑ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 8 October 2009.
- ↑ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 8 October 2009.
- ↑ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 8 October 2009.
- ↑ "TransAsia Airways GE235 Flight Occurrence". Aviation Safety Council. Retrieved 2015-11-24.
External links
Media related to Taipei Songshan Airport at Wikimedia Commons