Siege of Cuartel de Loyola

Siege of Cuartel de Loyola Part of the Spanish Civil War Hotel Maria Cristina, one of the buildings held by the rebel troops Date July 19–July 27, 1936 Location Guipuzcoa, Spain Result Republican victory Belligerents Spanish Republic Nationalist Spain Commanders and leaders Colonel Augusto Pérez Garmendia[1] Colonel Carrasco Colonel Villaespin Strength ? ? Casualties and losses ? ?

Spanish Civil War Background July 1936 uprising Melilla Seville 1st Barcelona Cuartel de la Montaña Gijón Oviedo Cuartel de Loyola 1936 German intervention Guadarrama Alcázar Extremadura Convoy de la victoria Almendralejo Sigüenza Mérida Badajoz Majorca Sierra Guadalupe Córdoba Gipuzkoa Monte Pelado Talavera Irún Santuario de Nuestra Señora de la Cabeza Cerro Muriano Cape Espartel Seseña Madrid Ciudad Universitaria 1st Corunna Road Villarreal Ursula Aceituna Lopera 2nd Corunna Road 1937 3rd Corunna Road Málaga Jarama Cape Machichaco Guadalajara Pozoblanco War in the North Biscay Durango Jaén Guernica 2nd Barcelona Deutschland Almería Segovia Huesca Bilbao Albarracín Brunete Santander Zaragoza 1st Belchite Asturias El Mazuco Cape Cherchell Sabiñánigo Teruel 1938 Alfambra Cape Palos Aragon 2nd Belchite 3rd Barcelona Caspe Lérida 1st Gandesa Segre Levante Balaguer Los Blázquez Alicante Granollers Bielsa Merida pocket Ebro 2nd Gandesa Cantabria Cabra 1939 Catalonia Valsequillo La Garriga Minorca Cartagena Olite Final offensive

The Siege of Cuartel de Loyola was a siege and uprising in San Sebastián, Spain, on 21 July 1936, at the start of the Spanish Civil War. A group of soldiers attempted to form a coup against the Second Spanish Republic.

Background

In the Basque province of Álava, the city of Vitoria was easily seized by the rebels led by the general Angel García Benitez and the Colonel Camilo Alonso Vega, but the rising failed in the Biscay and Guipuzcoa provinces. The Basque nationalists supported the government, established Juntas de defensa in all the cities and towns, arrested right-wing personalities and requisitioned their motor-cars. In Bilbao, there was no military rising, but in San Sebastián there was a failed rising.^[2]

The rising in San Sebastian

On July 19, the military governor of San Sebastian, Colonel Carrasco, was arrested, but the commander of the Loyola's Barracks, Colonel Villaespin, encouraged by Emilio Mola, decided to start the rising against the government. Villaespin pointed his cannons at the civil government, and the staff inside fled. Carrasco escaped from his captors and declared a state of war. Carrasco established himself with right-wing supporters in the Maria Cristina Hotel, and the Civil Guard in the city supported the rising and seized the Gran Casino. Nevertheless, on July 20 a column from Eibar, led by Colonel Pérez Garmendia, came to the city and surrounded the buildings held by the rebels.^[3] On July 23, the Republican forces occupied the Maria Cristina Hotel,^[4] and on July 27 the rebels in the Loyola's Barrack surrendered to the besieging forces.^[5]

Aftermath

Anarchists seized the weapons inside the barracks and shot some right-wing prisoners, worsening their relations with the Basque nationalists.^[6] The Nationalists occupied San Sebastián on September 14.^[7]

Notes

References

• Beevor, Antony.The Battle for Spain. The Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939. Penguin Books. 2006. London. ISBN 978-0-14-303765-1.
• Thomas, Hugh. The Spanish Civil War. New York: Harper & Row. ISBN 978-0-06-014278-0.