Reserved IP addresses
In the Internet addressing architecture, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) have reserved various Internet Protocol (IP) addresses for special purposes.
IPv4
| Address block (CIDR) | Range | Number of addresses | Scope | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.0.0.0/8 | 0.0.0.0 – 0.255.255.255 |
16,777,216 | Software | Used for broadcast messages to the current ("this")[1] |
| 10.0.0.0/8 | 10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255 |
16,777,216 | Private network | Used for local communications within a private network[2] |
| 100.64.0.0/10 | 100.64.0.0 – 100.127.255.255 |
4,194,304 | Private network | Used for communications between a service provider and its subscribers when using a carrier-grade NAT[3] |
| 127.0.0.0/8 | 127.0.0.0 – 127.255.255.255 |
16,777,216 | Host | Used for loopback addresses to the local host[4] |
| 169.254.0.0/16 | 169.254.0.0 – 169.254.255.255 |
65,536 | Subnet | Used for link-local addresses between two hosts on a single link when no IP address is otherwise specified, such as would have normally been retrieved from a DHCP server[5] |
| 172.16.0.0/12 | 172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255 |
1,048,576 | Private network | Used for local communications within a private network[2] |
| 192.0.0.0/24 | 192.0.0.0 – 192.0.0.255 |
256 | Private network | Used for the IANA IPv4 Special Purpose Address Registry[6] |
| 192.0.2.0/24 | 192.0.2.0 – 192.0.2.255 |
256 | Documentation | Assigned as "TEST-NET" for use in documentation and examples. It should not be used publicly.[7] |
| 192.88.99.0/24 | 192.88.99.0 – 192.88.99.255 |
256 | Internet | Used by 6to4 anycast relays[8] |
| 192.168.0.0/16 | 192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255 |
65,536 | Private network | Used for local communications within a private network[2] |
| 198.18.0.0/15 | 198.18.0.0 – 198.19.255.255 |
131,072 | Private network | Used for testing of inter-network communications between two separate subnets[9] |
| 198.51.100.0/24 | 198.51.100.0 – 198.51.100.255 |
256 | Documentation | Assigned as "TEST-NET-2" for use in documentation and examples. It should not be used publicly.[7] |
| 203.0.113.0/24 | 203.0.113.0 – 203.0.113.255 |
256 | Documentation | Assigned as "TEST-NET-3" for use in documentation and examples. It should not be used publicly.[7] |
| 224.0.0.0/4 | 224.0.0.0 – 239.255.255.255 |
268,435,456 | Internet | Reserved for multicast assignments[10]
233.252.0.0/24 is assigned as "MCAST-TEST-NET" for use in documentation and examples. |
| 240.0.0.0/4 | 240.0.0.0 – 255.255.255.254 |
268,435,455 | Internet | Reserved for future use[11] |
| 255.255.255.255/32 | 255.255.255.255 | 1 | Subnet | Reserved for the "limited broadcast" destination address[11] |
IPv6
| Address block (CIDR) | Range | Number of addresses | Scope | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ::/128 | :: | 1 | Software | Unspecified address |
| ::1/128 | ::1 | 1 | Host | Loopback address to the local host. |
| ::ffff:0:0/96 | ::ffff:0.0.0.0 – ::ffff:255.255.255.255 |
232 | Software | IPv4 mapped addresses |
| 100::/64 | 100:: – 100::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff |
264 | Discard prefix RFC 6666 | |
| 64:ff9b::/96 | 64:ff9b::0.0.0.0 – 64:ff9b::255.255.255.255 |
232 | Global Internet[12] | IPv4/IPv6 translation (RFC 6052) |
| 2001::/32 | 2001:: – 2001::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff |
296 | Global | Teredo tunneling |
| 2001:10::/28 | 2001:10:: – 2001:1f:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff |
2100 | Software | Deprecated (previously ORCHID) |
| 2001:20::/28 | 2001:20:: – 2001:2f:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff |
2100 | Software | ORCHIDv2 |
| 2001:db8::/32 | 2001:db8:: – 2001:db8:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff |
296 | Documentation | Addresses used in documentation and example source code |
| 2002::/16 | 2002:: – 2002:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff |
2112 | Global Internet | 6to4 |
| fc00::/7 | fc00:: – fdff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff |
2121 | Private network | Unique local address |
| fe80::/10 | fe80:: – febf:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff |
2118 | Link | Link-local address |
| ff00::/8 | ff00:: – ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff |
2120 | Global Internet | Multicast address |
See also
References
- ↑ RFC 1700, Assigned Numbers (1994), page 4
- 1 2 3 RFC 1918, Address Allocation for Private Internets (1996)
- ↑ RFC 6598, IANA-Reserved IPv4 Prefix for Shared Address Space (2012)
- ↑ RFC 990, Assigned Numbers (1986)
- ↑ RFC 3927, Dynamic Configuration of IPv4 Link-Local Addresses (2005)
- ↑ RFC 5736, IANA IPv4 Special Purpose Address Registry (2010)
- 1 2 3 RFC 5737, IPv4 Address Blocks Reserved for Documentation (2010)
- ↑ RFC 3068, An Anycast Prefix for 6to4 Relay Routers (2001)
- ↑ RFC 2544, Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect Devices (1999)
- ↑ RFC 5771, IANA Guidelines for IPv4 Multicast Address Assignments (2010)
- 1 2 RFC 6890, Special-Purpose IP Address Registries (2013)
- ↑ RFC 6052 section 3.2
External links
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