Norteiro people
Norteiro people are people who live in the former Portuguese exclaves in the western littoral of South Asia.
The word Norteiro, meaning "Northerner," comes from the Portuguese. The term refers to the city of Baçaim, which was styled the "Court of the North" and stood second only to the city of Goa (modern Old Goa) among Portuguese possessions in South Asia. They are not to be confused with Korlai/Chaul Christians who share a significantly different culture/heritage as compared to the East Indians of the region focussed around Bassein & Bombay.
Culture
Except for Diu, which lies in the historical "Sorath" or Saurashtra, the remaining settlements were all within the North Konkan region of Maharashtra. They were populated predominantly by native Konkani people.
History
Conquest
When the Maratha Empire invaded the Konkan, they seized most of these settlements, including the capital, Bacaim, however, the Marathas didn't discriminate among the two religious groups and many Norteiros switched loyalties to the Marathas. When the English later took over these lands from the Portuguese (Bombay) and the Marathas, they called the Norteiros "Bombay Portuguese".
Occupation
After the involvement of England in Goan affairs as a result of the French Revolutionary Wars & the Napoleonic Wars, England occupied Goa for several years, ostensibly to protect it from a French takeover. The Goans were encouraged to migrate to Bombay and find employment. Because of the influx of Goans, called "Goan Portuguese" by the English, the "Bombay Portuguese" decided to rename themselves with a name emphasizing their status as subjects of their English rulers, to distinguish them from the Goans, who were Portuguese citizens (since Pombal enfranchised Goa). These Norteiros called themselves "East Indians" in honor of the East India Company which ruled them until recently on behalf of England.
Other communities, such as that of Chaul, Damao and Dio, continued to identify themselves as Norteiros.
Both the Damanese and the Kristi communities are often wrongly called Norteiro people, derived from the native Marathi people. However, the Diu, Damanese and Kristi Norteiros share a single trait, as compared to the East Indians who are culturally and traditionally different from them.