Sodium–hydrogen antiporter

The sodium–hydrogen antiporter or sodium–hydrogen exchanger is a membrane protein found in many cells, and especially in those of the nephron of the kidney. Specifically in the intercalary cells of the collecting duct and in the epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubule. The membrane pump is primarily responsible for maintaining the balance of pH.[1] Angiotensin II upregulates this antiporter in the proximal convoluted tubule in order to promote Na+ reabsorption and H+ secretion.

Regarding Dopamine Receptor Signaling: The Na+/H+ exchangers are a family of integral membrane proteins that regulate intracellular pH and transcellular Na+ absorption.[2] Heterologously expressed D2,[3] D3,[4][5] and D4 receptors [6] activate the widely expressed Na+/H+ exchanger NHE1.

Isoforms

There are several isoforms of the antiporter:

References

  1. ↑
  2. ↑ Yun CHC, Tse C-M, Nath SK, Levine SA, Brant SR, Donowitz M. Mammalian Na+/H+ exchanger gene family: structure and function studies. Am J Physiol Gastrointest. Liver Physiol 1995; 269:G1–G11.
  3. ↑ Neve KA, Kozlowski MR, Rosser MP. Dopamine D2 receptor stimulation of Na+/H+ exchange assessed by quantification of extracellular acidification. J Biol Chem 1992; 267:25748–25753.
  4. ↑ Cox BA, Rosser MP, Kozlowski MR, Duwe KM, Neve RL, Neve KA. Regulation and functional characterization of a rat recombinant dopamine D3 receptor. Synapse 1995; 21:1–9.
  5. ↑ Chio CL, Lajiness ME, Huff RM. Activation of heterologously expressed D3 dopamine receptors: comparison with D2 dopamine receptors. Mol Pharmacol 1994; 45:51–60.
  6. ↑ Chio CL, Drong RF, Riley DT, Gill GS, Slightom JL, Huff RM. D4 dopamine receptor-mediated signaling events determined in transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells. J Biol Chem 1994; 269:11813–11819.

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