Myalgia
Myalgia | |
---|---|
Classification and external resources | |
Specialty | Rheumatology |
ICD-10 | M79.1 |
ICD-9-CM | 729.1 |
DiseasesDB | 22895 |
MedlinePlus | 003178 |
MeSH | D063806 |
Myalgia, or muscle pain, is a symptom of many diseases and disorders. The most common causes are the overuse or over-stretching of a muscle or group of muscles. Myalgia without a traumatic history is often due to viral infections. Longer-term myalgias may be indicative of a metabolic myopathy, some nutritional deficiencies or chronic fatigue syndrome.
Causes
The most common causes of myalgia are overuse, injury or strain. However, myalgia can also be caused by diseases, disorders, medications, or as a response to a vaccination. It is also a sign of acute rejection after heart transplant surgery.
The most common causes are:
- Injury or trauma, including sprains, hematoma
- Overuse: using a muscle too much, too often, including protecting a separate injury
- Chronic tension
Muscle pain occurs with:
- Rhabdomyolysis, associated with:
- Viral
- Compression injury
- Drug-related, esp fibrates and statins, occ ACE inhibitors, cocaine, some retro-viral drugs
- Severe potassium deficiency
- Fibromyalgia
- Auto-immune disorders, including:
- Mixed connective tissue disease
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Polymyalgia rheumatica
- Polymyositis
- Dermatomyositis
- Multiple Sclerosis (this is neurologic pain localised to myotome)
- Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
- Infections, including:
- Influenza (the flu)
- Lyme disease
- Babesiosis
- Malaria
- Toxoplasmosis
- Dengue Fever
- Hemorrhagic fever
- Muscle abscess
- Polio
- Rocky Mountain spotted fever
- Trichinosis (roundworm)
- Ebola
- Reaction to Statin drugs
- Other
Overuse
Overuse of a muscle is using it too much, too soon and/or too often.[4] Examples are:
Injury
The most common causes of myalgia by injury are: sprains and strains.[4]
Autoimmune
Multiple sclerosis (neurologic pain interpreted as muscular), Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, Myositis, Mixed connective tissue disease, Lupus erythematosus, Familial Mediterranean fever, Polyarteritis nodosa, Devic's disease, Morphea, Sarcoidosis
Metabolic defect
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency, Conn's syndrome, Adrenal insufficiency, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, postorgasmic illness syndrome (POIS).[1][2][3]
Other
Chronic fatigue syndrome aka Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, Channelopathy, Ehlers Danlos Syndrome, Stickler Syndrome, Hypokalemia, Hypotonia (Low Muscle Tone), Exercise intolerance, Mastocytosis, Peripheral neuropathy, Eosinophilia myalgia syndrome, Fibromyalgia, Barcoo Fever, Herpes, Hemochromatosis aka Iron Overload Disorder, Delayed onset muscle soreness, AIDS, HIV, Tumor-induced osteomalacia, Hypovitaminosis D[5]
Withdrawal syndrome from certain drugs
Sudden cessation of high-dose corticosteroids, opioids, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, caffeine or alcohol can induce myalgia in many respects.
See also
References
- 1 2 Balon R, Segraves RT, eds. (2005). Handbook of Sexual Dysfunction. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9780824758264.
- 1 2 Wylie KR, ed. (2015). ABC of Sexual Health. John Wiley & Sons. p. 75. ISBN 9781118665565.
- 1 2 "Postorgasmic illness syndrome". Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD). National Institutes of Health. 2015. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
- 1 2 MedlinePlus
- ↑ Glueck, Charles (August 30, 2013). North American Journal of Medical Sciences. 5 (8): 494–495. doi:10.4103/1947-2714.117325 http://www.najms.org/article.asp?issn=1947-2714;year=2013;volume=5;issue=8;spage=494;epage=495;aulast=Glueck. Missing or empty
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External links
- NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASE CENTER Washington University a more comprehensive list