List of state leaders in 1646

This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 1646.

Africa

• Kingdom of Dahomey – Houegbadja (1645–1685)
• Ethiopian Empire – Fasilides (1632–1667)

Asia

• China
  • Qing dynasty – Shunzhi Emperor (1644–1661)
  • Southern Ming –
    • Prince of Tang (Zhu Yujian) (1645–1646)
    • Prince of Lu (1645–1653)
    • Prince of Tang (Zhu Yuyue) (1646)
    • Prince of Gui (1646–1662)
• Empire of Japan –
  • Monarch – Go-Kōmyō (1643–1654)
  • Tokugawa shogunate – Tokugawa Iemitsu (1623–1651)
  • Daimyo
    • Hirosaki Domain - Tsugaru Nobuyoshi, Daimyo of Hirosaki (1631–1655)
    • Miharu Domain - Akita Toshisue, Daimyo of Miharu (1645–1649)
  • Ryukyu Kingdom – Shō Ken (1640–1647)
• Joseon (Korea) – Injo (1623–1649)
• Mughal Empire – Shah Jahan (1627–1658)

Europe

• Kingdom of Denmark–Norway – Christian IV (1588–1648)
• Kingdom of England – Charles I (1625–1649)
• Kingdom of France –
  • Monarch – Louis XIV (1643–1715)
  • Regent – Anne of Austria, regent (1643–1651)
• Holy Roman Empire – Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor (1637–1657)
  • Electorate of Bavaria – Maximilian I (1623–1651)
  • Brandenburg-Prussia – Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg (1640–1688)
  • Duchy of Lorraine – Nicholas Francis (1634–1661)
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire – İbrahim, Ottoman Sultan (1640–1648)
• Papal States – Pope Innocent X (1644–1655)
• Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth – Ladislaus IV (1632–1648)
• Tsardom of Russia – Alexis I (1645–1676)
• Kingdom of Spain – Philip IV (1621–1665)
• Kingdom of Sweden – Christina (1632–1654)
• United Provinces
  • Estates of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581–1795)
  • Stadtholder - Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht and Gelre (1625–1647).
    • Holland – Grand Pensionary Jacob Cats (1629–1631, 1636–1651)