List of bilateral animal orders

The relative number of species contributed to the total by each phylum of animals. Nematoda is the phylum with the most individual organisms.
Superb fairy-wren, Malurus cyaneus
Differences between Deuterostomes and Protostomes
Yellow-winged darter, Sympetrum flaveolum
Pseudobiceros bedfordi, (Bedford's flatworm)
The use of love darts by the land snail Monachoides vicinus is a form of sexual selection

List of bilateral animal orders contains the Bilateria of the animal subkingdom Eumetazoa, divided into four superphyla, Deuterostomia, and the three Protostome superphyla, Ecdysozoa, Platyzoa and Lophotrochozoa.




Xenoturbellida


Acoelomorpha

Nemertodermatida



Acoela




Nephrozoa*
Deuterostomia*
Chordata

Cephalochordata


Olfactores

Urochordata



Craniata (including Vertebrata)




Ambulacraria

Echinodermata



Hemichordata




Protostomia*

Chaetognatha


Ecdysozoa*
Nematozoa

Nematoda



Nematomorpha




Tardigrada




Onychophora



Arthropoda



Scalidophora

Priapulida



Loricifera



Kinorhyncha




Spiralia*
Polyzoa

Bryozoa




Entoprocta



Cycliophora




Trochozoa*

Annelida



Mollusca



Nemertea




Brachiopoda



Phoronida




Platyzoa*

Gastrotricha



Platyhelminthes


Gnathifera

Gnathostomulida



Micrognathozoa



Rotifera








Superphylum Deuterostomia

Phylum Chordata

Phylum Hemichordata

Acorn worm
Class Enteropneusta (Acorn worms)
Class Graptolithina
Class Planctosphaeroidea

No order, one genus, one species Planctosphaera pelagica

Class Pterobranchia

Phylum Echinodermata

Phylum Xenacoelomorpha

Subphylum Acoelomorpha

Phylum Vetulicolia

Banffia constricta
Class Vetulicolida †
Class Banffozoa
Class Heteromorphida †
Class Yuyuanozoon † ?

Superphylum Ecdysozoa

Phylum Kinorhyncha

No class, 2 orders, called mud dragons, very common in mud or sand

Phylum Loricifera

Pliciloricus enigmatus

No class, one order Nanaloricida

Phylum Priapulida

Priapulus caudatus
Class Priapulimorpha
Class Halicryptomorpha
Class Seticoronaria

Phylum Nematoda

Phylum Nematomorpha

Class Gordioidea
Class Nectonematoida

Phylum Lobopodia

Class Dinocaridida
Class Xenusia

These taxa are only known from the Chengjiang (Cambrian Stage 2 Series 3).

Class Siberion
Class Hadranax

Phylum Onychophora

Phylum Tardigrada

Echiniscus
Class Eutardigrada
Class Heterotardigrada
Class Mesotardigrada

Phylum Arthropoda

Superphylum Platyzoa

Phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms)

Class Cestoda
Class Monogenea
Class Trematoda
Botulus microporus
Helicometra
Class Turbellaria

Phylum Gastrotricha

No classes

Phylum Rotifera

SEM] pictures of some Bdelloidea species of the genus Rotaria with head (red), tail (white) and trunk (blue) areas highlighted
Class Bdelloidea
Class Monogononta
Class Seisonidea

Phylum Acanthocephala

Scanning electron microscopy of proboscis of an archiacanthocephalan [10]
Class Archiacanthocephala
Class Eoacanthocephala
Class Palaeacanthocephala

Phylum Gnathostomulida

No classes

Phylum Micrognathozoa

Some dispute here with Micrognathozoa as the class and Limnognathia as the order

Phylum Cycliophora

This phylum was discovered in 1995.

Class Symbiida

Superphylum Lophotrochozoa

Phylum Sipuncula

Class Phascolosomatidea
Class Sipunculidea

Phylum Nemertea

Class Anopla
Class Enopla

Phylum Phoronida

Class Phoronid

Phylum Bryozoa

Class Gymnolaemata
Class Phylactolaemata
Class Stenolaemata

Phylum Entoprocta

No classes, no orders, families Barentsiidae, Loxokalypodidae, Loxosomatidae, Pedicellinidae

Phylum Brachiopoda

Class Lingulata
Class Craniata/Craniforma
Class Rhynchonellata

Phylum Mollusca

Phylum Annelida

References

  1. 1 2 Hou, X.; Bergström, J. A. N. (1995). "Cambrian lobopodians-ancestors of extant onychophorans?". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 114: 3. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1995.tb00110.x.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ma, X.; Hou, X.; Bergström, J. (2009). "Morphology of Luolishania longicruris (Lower Cambrian, Chengjiang Lagerstätte, SW China) and the phylogenetic relationships within lobopodians". Arthropod Structure & Development. 38 (4): 271. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2009.03.001.
  3. 1 2 Xian-Guang Hou, Xiao-Ya Ma, Jie Zhao & Jan Bergström; Ma; Zhao; Bergström (2004). "The lobopodian Paucipodia inermis from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang fauna, Yunnan, China". Lethaia. 37 (3): 235–244. doi:10.1080/00241160410006555.
  4. Jianni Liu; Degan Shu; Jian Han; Zhifei Zhang & Xingliang Zhang (2006). "A large xenusiid lobopod with complex appendages from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte" (PDF). Acta Palaeontol. Pol. 51 (2): 215–222. Retrieved 9 February 2011.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Whittle, R. J.; Gabbott, S. E.; Aldridge, R. J.; Theron, J. (2009). "An Ordovician Lobopodian from the Soom Shale Lagerstätte, South Africa". Palaeontology. 52 (3): 561–567. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2009.00860.x.
  6. 1 2 Liu, J.; Shu, D.; Han, J.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, X. (2008). "The LobopodOnychodictyonfrom the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte Revisited". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 53 (2): 285. doi:10.4202/app.2008.0209.
  7. 1 2 Maas, A.; Mayer, G.; Kristensen, R. M.; Waloszek, D. (2007). "A Cambrian micro-lobopodian and the evolution of arthropod locomotion and reproduction". Chinese Science Bulletin. 52 (24): 3385. doi:10.1007/s11434-007-0515-3.
  8. 1 2 Haug, J. T.; Mayer, G.; Haug, C.; Briggs, D. E. G. (2012). "A Carboniferous Non-Onychophoran Lobopodian Reveals Long-Term Survival of a Cambrian Morphotype". Current Biology. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.06.066.
  9. 1 2 Gámez Vintaned, J. A.; Liñán, E.; Zhuravlev, A. (2011). "A New Early Cambrian Lobopod-Bearing Animal (Murero, Spain) and the Problem of the Ecdysozoan Early Diversification". Evolutionary Biology – Concepts, Biodiversity, Macroevolution and Genome Evolution. p. 193. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-20763-1_12. ISBN 978-3-642-20762-4.
  10. Amin, O. A, Heckmann, R. A & Ha, N. V. (2014) Acanthocephalans from fishes and amphibians in Vietnam, with descriptions of five new species. Parasite, 21, 53 doi:10.1051/parasite/2014052PMID 25331738
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