List of Padma Bhushan award recipients (1960–69)

Padma Bhushan
Awarded by Government of India
Type	Civilian
Category	National
Description
Obverse	A centrally located lotus flower is embossed and the text "Padma" written in Devanagari script is placed above and the text "Bhushan" is placed below the lotus.
Reverse	A platinum State Emblem of India placed in the centre with the national motto of India, "Satyameva Jayate" (Truth alone triumphs) in Devanagari Script
Ribbon
Statistics
Instituted	1954
First awarded	1954
Total awarded	200
Previous name(s)	Padma Vibhushan "Dusra Warg" (Class II)
Award rank ← Padma Vibhushan Padma Shri →

The Padma Bhushan is the third-highest civilian award of the Republic of India.^[1] Instituted on 2 January 1954, the award is given for "distinguished service of a high order", without distinction of race, occupation, position, or sex.^[2] The recipients receive a Sanad, a certificate signed by the President of India and a circular-shaped medallion with no monetary association. The recipients are announced every year on Republic Day and registered in The Gazette of India, a publication used for official government notices and released weekly by the Department of Publication, Ministry of Urban Development.^[3] The conferral of the award is not considered official without its publication in the journal. Recipients whose awards have been revoked or restored, both of which require the authority of the President, are as well archived and are required to surrender their medals when their names are struck from the register;^[4] none of the conferments of Padma Bhushan during 1960–69 have been revoked or restored. The recommendations are received from all the state and the union territory governments, with the Ministries of the Government of India, the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan awardees, the Institutes of Excellence, the Ministers, the Chief Ministers and the Governors of State, and the Members of Parliament including private individuals.^[3]

When instituted in 1954, the Padma Bhushan was classified as "Dusra Warg", a class-two award under the three-tier Padma Vibhushan awards, which were preceded by the Bharat Ratna in hierarchy. On 15 January 1955, the Padma Vibhushan was reclassified into three different awards as the Padma Vibhushan, the Padma Bhushan and the Padma Shri. The criteria included "distinguished service of a high order in any field including service rendered by Government servants", but excluding those working with the Public sector undertakings with the exception of doctors and scientists. The 1954 statutes did not allow posthumous awards; this was subsequently modified for the January 1955 statute. The design was also changed to the form that is currently in use; it portrays a circular-shaped toned bronze medallion 1 ³⁄₄ inches (44 mm) in diameter and ¹⁄₈ inch (3.2 mm) thick. The centrally placed pattern made of outer lines of a square of 1 ³⁄₁₆ inches (30 mm) side is embossed with a knob carved within each of the outer angles of the pattern. A raised circular space of diameter 1 ¹⁄₁₆ inches (27 mm) is placed at the centre of the decoration. A centrally located lotus flower is embossed on the obverse side of the medal and the text "Padma" is placed above and the text "Bhushan" is placed below the lotus written in Devanagari script. The State Emblem of India is displayed in the centre of the reverse side, together with the national motto of India, "Satyameva Jayate" (Truth alone triumphs) in Devanagari script, which is inscribed on the lower edge. The rim, the edges and all embossing on either side is of standard gold with the text "Padma Bhushan" of gold gilt. The medal is suspended by a pink riband 1 ¹⁄₄ inches (32 mm) in width with a broad white stripe in the middle.^[3][4] It is ranked fifth in the order of precedence of wearing of medals and decorations of the Indian civilian and military awards.^{[lower-alpha 1]}

A total of two hundred awards were presented in the 1960s – ten in 1960, followed by thirteen in 1961, twenty-seven in 1962, twelve in 1963, eighteen in 1964, twenty-five in 1965, fourteen in 1966, twenty-four in 1967, twenty-eight in 1968, and twenty-nine in 1969, including five foreign recipients. Individuals from nine different fields were awarded, which includes seventeen from art, twenty-two from civil services, sixty-nine from literature and education, thirty-two from medicine, sixteen from public affairs, fifteen from science and engineering, fourteen from social work, five sports persons, and ten from trade and industry. Journalist Manikonda Chalapathi Rau returned his 1968 award, while Sitar player Vilayat Khan refused to accept it, with him stating that "the selection committees were incompetent to judge [his] music".^{[6][lower-alpha 2]}

Recipients

Russian artist Svetoslav Roerich, recipient in 1961, is known for his paintings of Himalayan valleys and portraits. He is the only artist whose three portraits of Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Gandhi and Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan are displayed at the Central Hall of Parliament.^[8]

Awarded in 1962, Asaf Ali Asghar Fyzee, an Indian jurist, educator and scholar is known for his literary works on Ismaili studies and introduced the Ismaili school of jurisprudence. He was the Principal of the Government Law College, Mumbai (1938–47) and Vice Chancellor of the University of Jammu and Kashmir (1957–60).^[9]

Physicist and academic Sisir Kumar Mitra is considered as pioneer of radio research in India. Apart from holding various teaching positions he was administrator of the West Bengal Board of Secondary Education for six years. He was conferred the award in 1962.^[10]

1964 recipient, Narayan Shripad Rajhans alias Bal Gandharva, is best known for his Indian classical singing and performing female roles in Marathi Sangeet Nataks (musical dramas) drawing mass appeal from middle class women of his era.^[11]

Astrophysicist Jayant Narlikar is known for advocating the Steady State theory, an alternative to the prevalent Big Bang model.^[12] He received Padma Bhushan in 1965 and later Padma Vibhushan in 2004.^[13]

Verghese Kurien launched dairy development program "Operation Flood", also known as "White Revolution", which led to India becoming the world's largest milk producer in 2010–11 with 17% world share. Recipient of Padma Bhushan in 1966, he had earlier been honoured with Ramon Magsaysay Award (1963), Padma Shri (1964) and Padma Vibhushan later in 1999.^[14]

1966 recipient Zubin Mehta is a musician and conductor associated with various international orchestras like New York Philharmonic, Israel Philharmonic Orchestra, Bavarian State Opera and has been honoured with American Kennedy Center Honors (2006) and Japanese Praemium Imperiale (2008). He later received Padma Vibhushan in 2001.^[15]

Pandit Ravi Shankar, one of the best-known exponents of Sitar, often collaborated with violinist Yehudi Menuhin and guitarist George Harrison. He received the Padma Bhushan in 1967 and later went on to receive Padma Vibhushan (1981), Bharat Ratna (1999), and Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award (2013) posthumously.^[16][17]

M. L. Vasanthakumari, recipient of the award in 1967, was a Carnatic classical singer and playback singer of various popular Tamil films along with recording songs in Telugu, Malayalam, and Kannada languages.^[18]

C. R. Rao received the award in 1968 and is one of the pioneers of modern statistics. He received Padma Vibhushan in 2001 and National Medal of Science from the President of the United States in 2002.^[19]

Patriarch of the popular Kapoor family of the Bollywood film industry, actor Prithviraj Kapoor starred in various films and founded the Prithvi Theatres in 1942. He received the award in 1969 and was posthumously presented with the Dadasaheb Phalke Award (1971).^[20]

Textile industrialist Kasturbhai Lalbhai was a prominent name in pre-independent India's business circle and his group of businesses was the tenth largest cotton consumer of India in 1930 and the seventh largest in 1939. He received the award in 1969.^[21]

"Nightingale of India",^[22] playback singer Lata Mangeshkar received the award in 1969. She has recorded songs in over 1000 films and 36 languages and later went on to receive Padma Vibhushan (1999), Dadasaheb Phalke Award (1989), and the highest civilian award Bharat Ratna (2001).^[23]

Explanatory notes

References

External links

• "Awards and medals". Ministry of Home Affairs (India). 5 February 2016. Retrieved 10 April 2016. 

Indian honours and decorations
Civilian	National Bharat Ratna Padma Vibhushan Padma Bhushan Padma Shri Children National Bravery Award National Child Award for Exceptional Achievement National Bal Shree Honour Women Stree Shakti Puraskar Police President's Police Medal for Gallantry Police Medal for Gallantry Central Ganga Sharan Award George Grierson Award Mahapandit Rahul Sankrityayan Award Moturi Satyanarayan Award National Award for Child Welfare Subramanya Bharathi Award By field Literature Sahitya Akademi Fellowship Sahitya Akademi Award Cinema Dadasaheb Phalke Award National Film Awards Other arts Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship Sangeet Natak Akademi Award Lalit Kala Akademi Fellowship Sports Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Arjuna Award Dronacharya Award Dhyan Chand Award Science & Technology Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize Kalinga Prize Gallantry Sarvottam Jeevan Raksha Padak Uttam Jeevan Raksha Padak Jeevan Raksha Padak Medical Dr. B. C. Roy Award International Gandhi Peace Prize Indira Gandhi Peace Prize Tagore Award for Cultural Harmony
Military	Wartime   Param Vir Chakra   Maha Vir Chakra   Vir Chakra Peacetime   Ashoka Chakra   Kirti Chakra   Shaurya Chakra Distinguished Service & Gallantry   Sena Medal Army   Nao Sena Medal Navy   Vayusena Medal Air Force Wartime   Sarvottam Yudh Seva Medal   Uttam Yudh Seva Medal   Yudh Seva Medal Peacetime   Param Vishisht Seva Medal   Ati Vishisht Seva Medal   Vishisht Seva Medal Service and campaign medals   Wound Medal   General Service Medal 1947   Samanya Seva Medal   Special Service Medal   Samar Seva Star   Poorvi Star   Paschimi Star   Operation Vijay Star   Siachen Glacier Medal   Raksha Medal   Sangram Medal   Operation Vijay Medal   Operation Parakram Medal   Sainya Seva Medal   High Altitude Service Medal   Videsh Seva Medal Other Awards Mention in Dispatches Commendation Card