Fiber to the premises by country

This article lists the deployment of fiber to the premises, fiber to the home and fiber to the building by country.

Africa

Kenya

In Kenya, the home entertainment and communication services provider, Zuku, offers fiber-based Triple-Play bundle (Broadband Internet, TV and phone) packages at speeds of 1, 10, 20 and 50 Mbit/s[1] in most areas of Nairobi and Mombasa.[2]

Another fiber service is Faiba provided by Jamii Telecommunications Ltd.(JTL).[3] They offer packages at speeds of 5, 10, 15 and 20 Mbit/s for residential customers[4] and 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 Mbit/s for businesses.[5]

34 out of the 47 counties of Kenya have been connected to the National Optical Fibre Backbone Infrastructure (NOFBI).[6][7][8]

Mauritius

As of June 2016, in terms of percentage of fibre penetration, Mauritius was ranked first in Africa and 16th in the global ranking worldwide, ahead of developed countries, such as USA, France and Germany. In Mauritius, two ISPs are currently providing FTTH. They are Orange Mauritius[9] and Bharat Telecom Ltd,[10] with internet speeds of 10, 20, 30 and 100 Mbit/s.

South Africa

Link Africa (formerly i3 Africa) announced plans to construct a FTTH network in South Africa covering 2.5 million premises in six cities (Durban, Cape Town, Johannesburg, Port Elizabeth, Bloemfontein, and Pretoria) by 2016 with minimum connection speeds of 100Mbit/s. The "open-access" network will allow third-party Internet service providers (ISPs) to sell services. Link Africa will not sell services directly to customers.[11] Telkom, South Africa's primary fixed line operator, currently has 10, 20, 50 and 100Mbit/s commercial FTTH service being installed in residential and commercial sites since December 2014.[12]

Tanzania

In Tanzania, Spark is the first ISP to offer FTTH to home users in the city of Dar es Salaam, their packages offer speeds of 2, 4 and 10 Mbit/s.[13]

Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe operator TelOne is rolling out FTTH.[14]

Asia

Brunei

Telekom Brunei Berhad, the incumbent telecommunications operator in Brunei, commenced construction of a FTTH network in 2010 to replace their copper infrastructure, contracting with Huawei for construction. It will offer initial speeds up to 150Mbit/s.[15]

China

80% of China's broadband connection are by Fiber by the end of 2016 making China the world leader in FTTP.[16]

During APOC 2003 (Asia-Pacific Optical and Wireless Communications) held in Wuhan, Chinese telecom experts discussed FTTH in China. Topics included FTTH opportunities and challenges, FTTH applications, FTTH network architecture and cost analysis.

Hong Kong

As of April 2006, Hong Kong Broadband Network (HKBN, Chinese: 香港寬頻網絡有限公司), wholly owned subsidiary of City Telecom (H.K.) Limited, was offering its customers Internet access via fiber to the building and FTTH. Speeds ranged from 10-1000 Mbit/s, although the speed to non-Hong Kong destinations was capped at 20 Mbit/s.

In October 2007, the largest telecom company in Hong Kong, PCCW Limited (Chinese: 電訊盈科有限公司), the holding company of HKT Group Holdings Limited, a Hong Kong-based Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) company, started to offer both 100 Mbit/s and 1000 Mbit/s FTTH Internet consumer plans.

India

Fiber service is available from several providers:

Railwire,a subsidiary of railtel owned by the indian railways(goverment) is providing FTTH services in India

India's first FTTH network was launched in December 2008 by New Delhi based Radius Infratel Private Limited. TTN Broadband First company to provide FTTH at Bangalore in 2010,Having 10000 and plus customers since 2014. Beam Fiber supplies FTTX services across the city of Hyderabad[17] with plans ranging from 1Mbit/s to 150 Mbit/s as of November 2013.

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL), a state-owned telecommunications company, launched an FTTH service in Jaipur in late 2010.

Airtel[18] offers FTTH in a few areas of Delhi NCR. Nextra Teleservices offers FTTH in certain areas of Delhi NCR including Noida and Gurgaon.

An FTTH-based network project was commissioned at INS Shivaji, Lonavla on 29 Jul 2013.

FTTH services were launched in chennai in the year May 2013 by OODOO communications[19]

FTTH services were launched in Indore in 2015 .

Indonesia

Telkom Indonesia Develop Fiber Internet IndiHome a Triple Play services which consists of Fiber Internet or High Speed Internet (Fast Internet), Interactive TV (UseeTV) and Phone (Home Phone). For most parts of Indonesia, IndiHome will be served by using 100% Fiber, FTTH network uses Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON) based networking technology.

Biznet Networks deployed FTTH service in Indonesia, the first in Southeast Asia. Biznet Metro's FTTH network uses Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network (GE-PON) based networking technology. Supported by Nokia Siemens, the network is capable of delivering Triple Play services that consist of data (Internet or intranet), voice (VoIP), and video (interactive TV and multimedia) in a single infrastructure. This network is capable of supporting up to 1 Gbyte/s data transfer.

First Media, a company born from Lippo group's new $650 million investment in Internet in Indonesia, as well as cable television, began offering FTTH (using coaxial cable, not Optical fiber), branded as FastNet, on 8 September.

Japan

FTTH was introduced in 1999 and substantial growth began in 2001. In 2003–2004, FTTH accelerated, while DSL stagnated. DSL peaked in March 2006. 10.5 million FTTH connections were reported in September 2007.[20] On 17 September 2008, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications reported that FTTH connections (13.08 million connections) eclipsed DSL (12.29 million connections and declining) and became the most popular method of broadband connection at 45% of the total.[21]

FTTH started with a 10 Mbit/s (end-user rate) passive optical network (PON) by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT) and 100 Mbit/s (end-user rate) with GEPON (Gigabit Ethernet-PON) or broadband PON in 2006. PON is NTT's major FTTH system but some competitive services offer 1 Gbit/s (at end-user rate) with SS (Single Star).

Major application services on fiber include voice over IP, video-IP telephony, IPTV (IP television), and general Internet access services.

As of April 2013, Sony ISP, known as So-Net, released a new fibre service to Tokyo for small businesses and homes and also made it available to six surrounding prefectures. It offered speeds of 2Gbit/s Download and 1Gbit/s Upload, which was until December 2014 the world's fastest home internet connection, since bettered by a Minneapolis, Minnesota service.

Malaysia

Telekom Malaysia (TM) officially launched FTTH on 24 March 2010. TM High Speed Broadband (HSBB) was released to end users in stages. The product name is UniFi and offers speeds of 5, 10 and 20 Mbit/s.[22] The fiber network is also leased out to competitors Maxis Communications and Packet One Networks. Maxis Communications offers speed of 10, 20 and 30 Mbit/s under the Maxis Home Broadband brand,[23] while Packet One Networks offers speeds identical to that of UniFi, but with a WiMAX USB modem and mobile bundled under the Fiber by P1 brand.[24] The network also carries two IPTV providers, HyppTV and Astro IPTV. The former is only available bundled with UniFi while the latter is only available bundled with Maxis Broadband.

Pakistan

FTTH services entered Pakistan in July 2002 by NayaTel. Currently, FTTH services by Nayatel covers most parts of the twin cities Islamabad and Rawalpindi. NayaTel has plans to start FTTH services in other cities of Pakistan. The FTTH plans by Nayatel range from 2 Mbit/s to 12 Mbit/s.[25]

In 2011, PTCL started offering FTTH services in Karachi and have expanded to Lahore and Islamabad/Rawalpindi.[26] The FTTH plans range from 4 Mbit/s to 25 Mbit/s/[27]

Philippines

FTTH services are offered by the Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company (PLDT), Converge ICT and Globe Telecom.

Initial tests done by PLDT showed download speeds of up to 94.86 Mbit/s and upload rates of 69.39 Mbit/s. Pilot areas for PLDT's service included Bonifacio Global City in Taguig, Forbes Park, Urdaneta Village, Dasmariñas Village in Makati City, Ayala Heights in Quezon City, Wack Wack in San Juan, Valle Verde in Mandaluyong and certain areas covered by PLDT in Subic and Clark freeports.[28]

As of 2015, the maximum plan for their connection is now at 1Gbit/s, while plans for lower speeds are scheduled for upgrades in the near future.

Globe Telecom deployed GPON pilot projects in 2009 for areas in Bonifacio Global City, Forbes park, Bel-Air and Urdaneta Village. They have yet to deploy fiber optic connectivity outside these areas.

Converge ICT offers similar Fiber Optic connectivity and is progressively rolling out services. They are initially available in Manila and neighboring cities.

Singapore

Multiple Internet service providers offer FTTH plans from 100Mbit/s to 1Gbit/s.[29][30]

South Korea

FTTP in South Korea is offered by various Internet service providers including KT (formerly Korea Telecom), SK Broadband (formerly Hanaro Telecom) and LG U+ (formerly LG Powercom). The connection speed for both downloading and uploading is set to be 100 Mbit/s.

Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka Telecom offers FTTH/FTTB in Sri Lanka. In April 2014, Sri Lankan operator Sri Lanka Telecom launched a 100 Mbit/s FTTH service.[31]

Taiwan

Chunghwa Telecom offers FTTB in Taiwan. Taiwan had the world's fourth highest FTTB penetration rate.

Thailand

Uzbekistan

Beeline Uzbekistan offers service in Tashkent, Zarafshan and Uchquduq with bandwidth of 100 Mbit/s for TAS-IX and 2 Mbit/s for other connections. UzOnline, a state-run ISP, and Sarkor Telecom also offer service in Tashkent.

Europe

Andorra

Andorra Telecom operates a country-wide fiber optic network delivering internet, TV, movies on demand and telephone service.[32] Internet access operates at 100 Mbit/s. The FTTH network is being used to replace copper loops, with telephony only subscribers being offered FTTH boxes to replace their copper PSTN line. Almost 100% of the country is covered. Andorra has some remote residences situated beyond the distance supported by DSL.

Bulgaria

FTTH in Bulgaria is being deployed by ITD Network. Service is available in Plovdiv, Veliko Tarnovo and some areas in Sofia. The offering is a service-neutral switched environment, based on an intelligent 3-tier platform, serving up to 14,000 nodes in each deployment, using the same fiber infrastructure as the corporate backbone, with fully automated services provisioning, 24x7 monitoring and customer care. Diverse double-play and triple-play packages feature:

As of January 2013 Mtel became a major provider, covering more than 10 major markets with max speeds of 100 Mbit/s via GPON.[33] Vivacom is expanding coverage for Sofia, Plovdiv, Varna, Burgas and Stara Zagora with speeds up to 100 Mbit/s.[34]

Other ISP's that were used local area networks to deliver broadband are upgrading their networks and now offer fiber-to-the-curb.

Croatia

The first provider to offer FTTH in Croatia was Vodatel. In September 2006, Vodatel service was available in Zagreb. The service offered symmetrical 2/5/10 Mbit/s speeds in Triple Play packages. As of mid 2009 T-com.hr partly equipped a 28 floor building in Rijeka with fiber. The building was a test site and the service was initially offered free of charge.

Cyprus

In 2007, the largest telecommunication provider in Cyprus, the Cyprus Telecommunication Authority (CYTA), signed a contract with Ericsson for a rollout of FTTH.[35]

Czech Republic

FTTH services include in Prague, a FTTH 1/10/100 Mbit/s service called ViaGia provided by T-Systems is available in newer homes built by CentralGroup. UPC provides Triple Play Services over FTTH in new buildings.[36]

In December 2013, Czech operator CentroNet, a.s. launched a 1Gbit/s FTTH service in Prague.[37]

In Brno, SMART Company offers service branded NETBOX.[38] Other networks operate in Brno, Frýdek-Místek, Šumperk and Most.

Denmark

As of 2006, FTTH was being installed in Denmark in the northern parts of Zealand north and west of Copenhagen. The installation was being performed by the power company DONG Energy as part of a project to convert their airborne power infrastructure into one consisting of underground cables. Their plans called for a completion date of 2010, after which they expected to expand FTTH installation to areas that fell outside of the scope of the power infrastructure conversion project. However, DONG Energy does not provide access to Internet, television, or telephone services by themselves – other providers rent the cable to provide the end customer with anything ranging from simple POTS-like telephony to triple play. As of 2014, FTTH is available through Waoo which is a consortium of 13 regional electric companies throughout the country. Stofa also offers fiber to the home service. Several apartment complexes also offer FTTH. DONG Energy sold its fiber to TDC which leases access to Waoo.

Estonia

As of 2010, FTTH networks are fully developed and commercially available in select locations in Estonia. Speeds up to 300 Mbit/s downstream and 300 Mbit/s upstream are commercially available for €33 a month. The same network delivers digital television and is usually marketed as a "home package" (Internet, digital television and landline phone). The price for ADSL2 connection operating at 12/1 Mbit/s is €21 a month. In all cases, TV and Internet share the overall bandwidth, so the more active TV tuners in use at a given time, the less bandwidth is available for Internet use. Since 2013 AS Starman has been offering connections with 200 Mbit/s downstream and 20 Mbit/s upstream, at a cost of approximately €26 per month.

Finland

TeliaSonera offers FTTH in some urban areas of Finland, launching a 1 Gbit/s service for €99 per month.[39] Anvia provides FTTH in some areas of Vaasa and surroundings.[40]

France

France had 4 million FTTH homes in 2015, and will increase this to 20 million FTTH homes in 2022. Deployments include:

The ARCEP (Electronic Communications and Postal services Regulation Authority) announced in September 2014 3.7 million homes were able to subscribe to FTTH.

Greece

In September 2008, Transport and Communications Minister Kostas Hatzidakis announced plans to provide FTTH to 2 million homes in Athens, Thessaloniki and 50 other cities across Greece by 2013, at a cost of €2.1 billion and at speeds of "at least" 100 Mbit/s.[46] Starting 2016 no Greek ISP offers more than 50Mbit/s of download speed, with the exception of one ISP announcing plans for 100Mbit/s towards the end of 2016 in some location.

Hungary

In 2009, Magyar Telekom was the largest FTTH provider in the country. Fiber-optic services are available in the inner districts of Budapest and other major cities such as Győr and Sopron. By 2011 the fiber-optic network will be extended to 800,000 households.

Iceland

FTTH is being deployed by Gagnaveita Reykjavikur (GR), a subsidiary of Orkuveita Reykjavíkur (Reykjavik Power Company). By March 2006, they had begun connecting the towns of Seltjarnarnes, Akranes and parts of the Capital Region. At that time they expected to have 50% of Reykjavik connected by 2008 and all of the Capital Region, Seltjarnes, Akranes, Mosfellsbær, Þorlákshöfn and Hveragerði connected by 2012. However, deployment in other areas was pending waiting for agreements with city officials. GR only owned the FTTH network; ISP services were provided by HIVE, Skýrr and Vortex. As of July 2006, VoIP service were available from HIVE. By March 2007, Vodafone Iceland was providing ISP and VoIP services and had introduced video via its Digital Iceland broadcasting system, while Skýrr had stopped providing ISP services. The FTTH connections were 100 Mbit/s, but as of January 2015 all new connections are 1Gbit/s. As of Octorber 2016 there are 6 different ISP offer internet services ranging from 10Mbit/s to 1Gbit/s using the GR FTTH network.

In March 2006, the monthly cost of FTTH was 1.990 ISK (approx 26 US dollars), not including any services. This was somewhat more expensive than having a phone line in the house which at the time cost 1.340 ISK (approx 18 US dollars) but because the service providers need less equipment to provide services on the FTTH network the total price of services (access network price+service price) was similar. By June 2009, the monthly cost of FTTH had risen to 2.390 ISK (approx 19 US dollars at the time), not including any services. By comparison, having a phone line in the house had dropped to 1.147 ISK (approx $9 US dollars) by that time. Still total service prices for consumers has remained similar.

Other smaller FTTH providers are Míla which operates in recently developed areas in the Capital Region, Gagnveita Skagafjarðar which operates in Sauðárkrókur and Tengir in Akureyri and its vicinity.

Ireland

Vodafone is rolling out 1 Gbit/s FTTH to 500,000 properties in Ireland and Cork by 2018. Ireland has another FTTH network under development by Eircom and Magnet. Eircom is the incumbent telco and Magnet is a cable / DSL / fiber provider. The fiber service provides up to 200 Mbit/s down and 30 Mbit/s up. It is being rolled out on a phased basis across the country,[47] serving both business and residential customers and the network is open to other service providers.[48]

Italy

In Italy, FTTH has been deployed by FASTWEB since 1999 in selected areas of Milan, Rome, Naples, Genova, Bologna and a few other cities, however they aren't planning to deploy any more FTTP as DSL deployment is far cheaper. Where FTTP is available, they have offered a triple play service on a 10/10 Mbit/s Internet connection since 2010. Fastweb started offering FTTP customers the option to upgrade to 100/50 Mbit/s at a small additional fee. Telecom Italia announced, in March 2008, they would deploy FTTH in 140,000 homes in Milan, by the end of 2008 and in 10 cities the following year at speeds up to 1 Gbit/s. As of November 2015 the state-of-the-art internet connection is represented by Vodafone fibre, the availability of which is limited to some areas of Milan and Bologna, reaching speeds of 1 Gbit/s in download and 200 Mbit/s in upload. This is a FTTH, just like the 100/50 connections provided by Fastweb in a bunch of cities. Most of other connections advertised as fibre are actually FTTC / VDSL (Telecom Italia is currently offering 30/3 and 50/10 connections, whereas Fastweb goes up to 200/20 and Vodafone reaches 100/20). As it might be expected, the real speed is about 20% less than the advertised speed in the case of FTTC. Fiber for Italy initiative: The initiative has the stated goal of offering 100 Mbit/s symmetrical connections to 10 million Italian subscribers across 15 cities by 2018 and up to 1Gbit/s for business customers.[49][50] It involves operators Wind, Tele2, Vodafone, and Fastweb. An ongoing pilot project in the Italian capital Rome delivers symmetrical speeds of up to 100 Mbit/s to small businesses. Telecom Italia (the largest Italian operator) is not a participant in the Fiber for Italy program, but has independently committed to provide ultra-highspeed broadband up to 100 Mbit/s symmetrical connections to 50 percent of the country's population (138 cities) by 2018.[51] Both Fiber for Italy participants and Telecom Italia are working with Advanced Digital Broadcast to provide residential gateway technology with embedded fiber termination. Since 2006, Television Sierre SA deploys a FTTH network in most municipalities in the district of Sierre, Switzerland. Triple Play services are offered to the public under the brand Vario.[52]

Latvia

In Q1 2009, Lattelecom launched FTTH services with up to 100 Mbit/s speeds, initially available in Riga. By November 2009, the speed was increased to 500 Mbit/s in selected areas, however by October 2013 it was increased to 1 Gbit/s. In Q1 2013, the company's FTTH service covered 450,000 households across Latvia.[53][54]

Lithuania

FTTH is provided in all major and smaller cities (~30 of them) of Lithuania, mainly by Teo LT and some smaller local providers. Teo LT is a former state telecom operator now owned by TeliaSonera and according to the local regulatory agency their data communications business accounts for ~69% of the total data service revenue in Lithuania for 2009. They sell FTTH under the brand ZEBRA, there were 63,000 subscribers connected via FTTH at the end of 2009,[55] and there are plans for most residents in the three largest cities, Vilnius (95%), Kaunas (70%) and Klaipėda (95%), to be able to connect to FTTH by the end of 2010. According to the FTTH European Rankings] of the FTTH Council Europe published 24 February 2010, Lithuania leads Europe in FTTH connectivity with 18% penetration, followed by Sweden, Norway and Slovenia.[56]

Macedonia

In Macedonia, as of 2015 Makedonski Telekom is the largest among the various FTTH providers in the country. Fiber-optic services are currently available in the larger cities in the country, as well as some rural areas. The service offers symmetrical 40/50/60/1000 Mbit/s speeds in triple play and double play packages.[57]

Moldova

In Moldova FTTB has been deployed by StarNet and Arax since 2006 and Moldtelecom since 2008 in the city of Chișinău at first and other towns and regional centers later. Since then the fiber network grew very fast due to intense competition between two dominant ISP's in the country – StarNet and Moldtelecom. The result of this competition is that FTTB holds more than 50% of the broadband market in the country and is continuing to increase, slowly pushing back ADSL as the main Internet access technology.[58] As of 2015 there are multiple local and only two country-wide ISP's (StarNet and Moldtelecom) that offer Internet access via FTTB. StarNet and Moldtelecom both offer 1/1Gbit (symmetrical) Internet connection via FTTB in the city of Chișinău and some regional centers with prices around €9 per month for 100/100Mbit plan.[59][60]

Montenegro

Montenegring Agency for Electronic Communications and Postal Services started reporting about number of FTTx connections for the first time in September 2011. In January 2015 13.16% of all Internet connections in Montenegro (cellular network excluded) were FTTx connections.[61] By connection type, ADSL was leading with 71.17% usage rate. Of all FTTx connections 62.31% were FTTH, 36.22% were FTTB and 1.47% were FTTC.[62] Crnogorski Telekom which is part of Deutsche Telekom group is holding majority of the FTTx market. Crnogorski Telekom is providing FFTx services only in form of FTTH connections and it is only FTTH service provider in country. FTTB connections are offered by Cable television service providers.

Netherlands

In The Netherlands in the city of Eindhoven and a nearby village of Nuenen, there is a large network with 15 000 connections. Triple play is offered. Houses and companies are connected with single-mode fibre. The network is owned by the members themselves, who formed a corporation. The first European FTTH project was also in Eindhoven in a neighborhood known as the "Vlinderflats". This was a multi-mode fibre but was in 2005 changed to single-mode fibre. FTTH resulted in new broadband services; the inhabitants started their own broadband TV station called VlinderTV.

Since October 2006 fibre optic connections are being deployed in the city of Amsterdam. In the first phase of the deployment there are some 40,000 connections planned with the first ones being available for connection to end users in February 2007. The network is rolled out in the boroughs of Zeeburg, Oost and Osdorp. The owner of the network is GNA CV, the operator is BBned, a subsidiary of Telecom Italia. BBned operates as a non-discriminating wholesaler of capacity to service providers. This setup, with a structural separation of ownership of the network and the delivery of services, ensures that the network is open to all.

Also, another company is building new FTTH networks in Arnhem, Nijmegen, Amersfoort, Hilversum, Soest, Leiden and Utrecht. These networks are almost completed. The first home was connected around March 2005. If all goes according to plan, the last home in these networks will be connected in June 2007. These networks also provide triple play services. Internet connection speed varies from 24, 48 and 100 Mbit/s (up and down).

The city of Deventer will be the first city in The Netherlands which will be fully connected with FTTH, at the end of 2009. Already in the first quarter of 2009, more than half of the roughly 100,000 citizens are able to use the FTTH services. Single play, double play and triple play are offered, with speeds of 35 and 50 Mbit/s. In the near future, these speeds will be upgraded to 50 and 100 Mbit/s respectively.[63]

In the last couple of years a wide deployment has been undertaken by Dutch firm Reggefiber. However, in 2013 Reggefiber was acquired by KPN and rollouts have been significantly less since then.

Norway

A lot of compaines currently provides FTTH/FTTP in Norway for consumers and businesses.[64] The maximum speed offered is 10Gbits symmetrical.

Portugal

Vodafone are rolling our FTTH to 2.75 million homes (2/3 of the country) by the end of 2016.

ZON was created from TVCabo's spin-off from Portugal Telecom. Subsequently a large group of smaller cable operators was bought into the new company. TVTEL was the first Portuguese ISP to offer FTTH services initially in Oeiras (near Lisbon) and also in Porto, Pluricanal is another ISP that offers this kind of access in some neighborhoods on the outskirts of Lisbon. Both TVTel and Pluricanal are now a part of ZON. ZON based its current expansion program not on the FTTH network, but in upgrading the HFC (cable) network to Eurodocsys3.0 at 200 Mbit/s on cable and 1 Gbit/s using FTTH.

Sonaecom with Optimus Clix Fibra[65] was the arguably the first to invest in a large-scale fiber optical network, to cover 1,000,000 people by 2011, the triple-play packages includes maximum speeds of 360/36 Mbit/s (down/upstream), TV with +150 channels over FTTH and IPTV. The company was first to offer such service in Portugal.

Portugal Telecom launched the FTTH service in May 2009, Meo Fibra[66] offers a triple-play service at a maximum speed (for now) of 400/40 Mbit/s (download/upload), more than 100 TV channels over IPTV and VoIP phone; the coverage is still limited to major cities, but the expansion of the fiber is underway across the country. A special notice should be mentioned about the late development of PT FTTH network since due to previous "unbundling" problems of the copper DSL network only after getting a guarantee from the respective authorities (Anacom) that they would not be mandated to give free/open access to other companies in their network.

Romania

In Romania, FTTH was first deployed in Timişoara by RDS. Currently, it is available in every major city. The name of the service is FiberLink. There are 4 subscription plans: FiberLink 100, FiberLink 300, FiberLink 500 and FiberLink 1000. For Home use, it is available since 2007, first only in some regions, but quickly expanded. All major operators, RCS&RDS, UPC, and Telekom are providing FTTH, with speed up to 1000 MBPS, but not in all counties and not in all cities and part of the counties sometimes not even in some cities or part of some cities. Offered only in big cities and the surroundings. To the present day, RCS&RDS is the biggest FTTH provider, mounting ONT equipment to the final user destination, followed by UPC and Telekom. In some regions, FTTH may be available but with smaller bandwidth than in big cities ( mainly in some rural areas were FTTH may be only up to 20 MBPS and analogue television in some isolated zones, sometimes even very small towns). Except major operators, some smaller providers of Internet & CATV are implementing or beginning to implement FTTH or had it implemented. It is used for Internet, Cable Television, IP TV, and fixed telephone. Speed reaches up to 1 GBPS at the user, HD channels over CATV or IPTV and analogue CATV, and telephony ( even IP telephony). FTTH is used both for business and home use services.

Russia

In Russia the ER-Telecom company started construction of the FTTH network, "Universal City Telecommunication Network" (UCTN), in Perm. The following services are offered over UCTN:

Serbia

In Serbia Targo Telekom offers FTTH access to residents in Stara Pazova and New Belgrade. The offer includes both Internet access and television. Speed ranges from 10/5Mbit/s, 20/10Mbit/s, 40/20Mbit/s, 80/40Mbit/s and 120/60Mbit/s. Thunder and Warp plans include speeds of up to 2.5/1.5Gbit/s.[67]

Serbia Broadband has also announced plans to connect 50,000[68] residential customers to its FTTH service called Fiber Power by the end of the year.

Slovakia

In Slovakia FTTH was first deployed in Bratislava, Piešťany and Trnava by Orange. End user speed is 70/8 Mbit/s (down/up). The service is Orange Doma.

FTTx connectivity is available in Michalovce by GeCom, s.r.o, which offers FTTB+ETTH variant at speeds up to 33/33 Mbit/s (down/up).

FTTx connectivity is available in Košice by Antik computers and communications.

In 2010 coverage was up to 310,000 households, almost 19% of the country. At the end of 2011 the major operators (Orange, Deutsche Telekom) covered up to 350,000 households. Since 2013 Orange has offered 250/250 Mbit/s. Another ISPs, Bonet and Vnet offer symmetrical 1 Gbit/s for only €25/€22 respectively .[69][70]

Kosovo

In Kosovo, FTTN (N=Neighborhood) has been deployed by Telecom Kosovo since 2000 in selected areas of Pristina, Peja, Prizren, Mitrovica, Ferizaj, Gjilan and other cities in Kosovo. More than 800 km connects 50 locations in MASH topology, in 2010 Telecom Kosovo introduced Triple-Play for its customers.

Slovenia

In Slovenia, FTTH was first deployed in Kranj by T-2. Currently optical fiber infrastructure for FTTH is being built by Gratel and Telekom Slovenije in Šenčur, Ljubljana, Koper, Portorož, Novo Mesto, Murska Sobota, Maribor, Slovenska Bistrica, Velenje, Nova Gorica and Jesenice. The plan by both companies is to cover all the major and smaller towns first before they roll out fiber to suburbs. T-2 FTTH speed ranges from 10/10Mbit/s (€23/month), 20/20Mbit/s (€30/month), 50/50Mbit/s (€41/month), 100/10Mbit/s (€29/month), 100/100Mbit/s (€51/month), 200/200Mbit/s (€200/month), 500/500Mbit/s (€500/month), and up to 1 Gbit/s (€1,000/month). Telekom Slovenije (national ISP) offers FTTH speeds from 20/20Mbit/s (€33/month), 60/60Mbit/s (€87/month) and 100/100Mbit/s (€147).

In mid 2011, T-2 finished negotiations with Gratel to greatly expand FTTH penetration in its home city Maribor, where the T-2's main offices are located. The expanditure is rumored to connect more than 25,000 new households including skyscrapers in the city's south center area Tabor (the right/south side of the river). The construction started immediately and is continuing rapidly.[71]

Spain

Spain will have completely converted its telephone network to FTTH by 2020.[72] In 2015 it had 10 million homes connected with FTTH.

In Spain the first FTTH network commercially deployed is in the mining valleys of Asturias. The network has an Open Access FTTH Network architecture allowing end users to select from several different service providers.[73]

The Guifi.net Foundation is providing Fiber from the Farms (FFTF) in Gurb (Catalonia), a FFTH service, symmetric at 1 Gbit/s in both the downstream and upstream directions.[74]

Telefónica-Movistar is also providing GPON-based FTTH services, ranging from 50 Mbit/s (downstream) and 5 Mbit/s (upstream) to 100 and 10 Mbit/s.

In Malaga, Telefónica now offers 300Mbit/s downstream and 30Mbit/s upstream without contention. The price is euro 38.00 per month plus 17 euros per month for telephone line rental. From the 1st of January 2016, Movistar is increasing the price of 300Mbit/s from euro 38.00 to euro 41.00 per month. Telefonica also offer Simetrical Fibre at 300Mb/s Up and 300Mb/s Down. Price is Euro 46.00 per month. [75]

Sweden

Sweden has a vast number of installed FTTH connections both in rural and suburban areas. Municipalities and private companies are using blown fiber and cable in metro networks. For metro networks, fibre cable are used with fibre counts ranging from eight to 96 SM and blown fibre with bundles of 8 fibers or less, for connecting houses and apartments. Competitors to Telia, the Swedish incumbent, helped to drive the early development of fiberbased broadband installations made by Bredbandsbolaget and others. For instance by municipality owned power companies and housing corporations.

Stokab, Stockholm’s city-owned network company, is the owner of one of the largest dark fiber city networks in Europe. Ribbon cables, new micro cables and blown fiber used by Stokab, are facilitating the installation. New smart network designs, cuts construction costs and eliminates the need to dig up streets and sidewalks to connect building properties one by one. Stokab installs a fibre optic cable from its metro network into the basement of a building where it terminates all the fibres from the street. From the termination box Stokab then installs a multiduct with micro ducts that goes through all the basements on the block to form a ring. Each building has a ‘delivery point’ from which Stokab can connect a micro duct when the building owner wants fibre.

Stokab connected 10 city blocks in central Stockholm during 2006, each with about 250 apartments. Stokab plans to connect 100 more blocks in 2007–2008. Some of the biggest scale projects are now built in Stockholm, where housing corporations use micro duct to blow cable and fiber to connect tenants. In Stockholm, housing corporations (Svenska Bostäder, Stockholmshem, Familjebostäder) will connect more than 100,000 apartments over the coming years forming the worlds largest Open Fiber To The Home network. Tenants can choose among competing service providers of Internet, telephony and TV.

The dominating active FTTH technology used in Sweden is AON, some few PON based projects are also up and running. A standard for national certification of fiber installers has been formed in order to keep high installation quality and lower maintenance costs. As of March 2009, Sweden has 8% of households connected with fiber, making Sweden number one in Europe FTTH-wise.

In Autumn 2010, Sweden is due to launch 1 Gbit/s in some areas for 999SEK per month.[76]

Switzerland

In Switzerland, fiber is available in major cities and some other municipalities.[77] In 2013, most fiber users had 100 Mbit/s connections, and by the end of 2013, 700,000 fiber customers were eligible for gigabit FTTH access through Swisscom. By 2015, 1 million of Swisscom's customers had FTTH, 500,000 had FTTS or FTTB, with a further 800,000 customers having at least 100 Mbit/s through vectored DSL. 80% of households are scheduled to have at least 100 Mbit/s by 2020, however it is not yet clear which technology will be used.[78] Swisscom is currently the leading investor having invested 1.75 billion CHF in 2013, however there are currently over 80 other registered fiber optic providers, composed of national providers, and smaller community/regional ones that also plan to expand the fiber network.[79]

Turkey

In Turkey, Tellcom started its FTTB service "QuikNET" on December 2007. The initial tariff had 100/100 Mbit/s service at a price of 109 TL/month (~=73 $/month).[80]

Superonline (an ADSL operator) acquired Tellcom on 5 January 2009 and continued the fiber internet service on highly populated buildings, along with its ADSL service. The name of the fiber Internet service is "Superonline Fiber Internet". Currently offered tariffs are 10/1 Mbit/s (99 TL/month ~= 65 $/month), 20/5 Mbit/s (199TL ~= 135 $/month), 50/5 Mbit/s (399TL ~= 265 $/month and 100/5 Mbit/s (599TL ~=400 $/month). Tariffs include low priced fiber packages with download quotas and after quota limits are reached, extra downloads cost fees depending on the amount of the download (9.4 TL / GB =~ 6.$3 / GB). Finally there are packages with "fair use policy" which limit the fiber speed to 512/128 kbit/s once download caps are reached. The download caps are set at 5 times the download speed and 10 times the upload speed in terms of GB (As an example, 10/1 Mbit/s "fair use" tariff has 50 GB/10 GB fair usage quotas).[81]

Superonline's "fair use policy" tariffs, price increases for the unlimited tariffs (73 $/month to 400 $/month for the 100 Mbit unlimited tariff) and the reduced upload speeds from symmetrical upload speed to 5 Mbit upload speed have created a controversy[82] among its users and a protest group was formed condemning Superonline for its actions.[83]

Superonline announced on its April 2010 monthly bill[84] that after 15 June 2010, all upload speeds will be decreased to 1 Mbit/s for the fiber internet tariffs. This includes the 20/5 Mbit/s, 50/5 Mbit/s, and 100/5 Mbit/s tariffs, thus after 15 June 2010, these tariffs will be 20/1 Mbit/s, 50/1 Mbit/s and, 100/1 Mbit/s. The 100/1 service with a download to upload ratio of 100:1 is the most asymmetrical fiber connection in the world. However, on 15 May 2010, Superonline sent an e-mail to its customers stating that the announcement on the bills was a "technical glitch" which should be ignored. This incident decreased Superonline's credibility among its fiber internet customers.

Superonline announced on 9 July 2010 that customers would be discriminated according to their internet service starting dates. Customers who started using fiber internet before 15 March 2010 will not be affected by the "fair usage policy", thus they will be able to download unlimited data while paying half the price of unlimited tariffs or in other words paying the same price as a fair usage limited user and downloading unlimited data.[85]

Superonline tariffs in 2013 are 25/5, 50/5, 100/5 and 1000/20Mbit/s. The cheapest prices are 49 TL ($27) for 25Mbit/s, 89 TL ($45) for 50Mbit/s, 109 TL ($55) for 100Mbit/s and 999TL ($504) for 1Gbit/s.[86] The 1Gbit/s packet is unlimited in any means. The fair usage policy affects all packages except the 1Gbit/s tariff. The company has been heavily criticised for fair usage policy. The network's main drawback is it is coverage. No significant expansions were made by far. Although residents can fill the form for the fibre coverage, there is really low chance that this will affect future plans of the company.

Ukraine

In Ukraine the first FTTH project was launched in Odesa in 2006 by Comstar-Ukraine, LLC, a local branch of Comstar-UTS, Russia. The project aimed to prepare a basic network for TriplePlay service deployment. Along with the broadband internet service on April 2008 Comstar-Ukraine presented to the market the first Ukraine commercial IPTV project, which presently supports HDTV and Dolby 5.1 sound.

Later in 2007 a FTTP project in Kyiv was deployed by Svitonline/Golden Telecom. Svitonline proposed tariffs: "Hourly": 20₴ (€2,70)/month, 25 hours included, ₴1 (€0,01)./hour above included. "Standard": 80₴ (€10,81)/month, 11 GiBs included, ₴0,01 (€0,001)/MiB above included. "Unlimited": 200₴ (€27)/month. Speed for all of the tariffs is 100 Mbit/s.

As of 2015, nationwide FTTH GPON network is operated by Velton Telecom, which offers SLA for rates of 10, 25 and 50 MBit/s, and non-SLA rates of 50 and 100 MBit/s, with an optional triple-play (telephony and IPTV) package.

United Kingdom (and dependencies)

United Kingdom

In the United Kingdom:

Jersey

As of May 2012, JT Global offers gigabit fibre-to-the-home (1000Mbit/s downstream, 100Mbit/s upstream) internet connections became available to customers in Grouville, Jersey, with a phased roll-out planned.[97]

Middle East

Israel

Israel's state-owned electricity company is deploying a FTTP network across the country. Target maximum speeds are between 100Mbit/s and 1Gbit/s. The network will be funded 49% by the Government electric company, and 51% by private sector partners. Construction will begin in 2012, with a target of 10% coverage by 2013 and 66% by 2019.[98]

Jordan

Jordan Cable Services (JCS) was founded in 2003 as a private company and it has a view to realize a cable TV and Internet network using FTTH technology in Jordan. On 11 April 2007 Jordan Cable TV and Internet Services obtained from the Telecommunications Regulatory Commission the individual license to build communications networks.

Kuwait

In 2005 the Kuwait Ministry of Communications (MOC) selected Alcatel to supply a gigabit passive optical network (GPON) that will allow the MOC to offer triple-play services (voice, video and data) to subscribers via a fiber to the user (FTTU) architecture.[99]

In South Surra, in four cities, Alsalam, Hutteen, Alshuhada, and future Seddeek. The project started in 2003 and service is complete, but with many errors in installations (mixed up phone numbers, inactive additional services like CallerId). The equipment is from Alcatel. A typical installation has four RJ32 female sockets and two RJ45 female sockets. Starting on 2 May 2007 Internet service is offered for premises with fibre.[100]

Lebanon

In Lebanon in April 2009, Minister of Communications Gebran Bassil unveiled a study calling for FTTH to be provided to 40,000 subscribers residing on Hamra Street and to 35,000 others residing in Achrafieh, both located in Beirut. If approved by the cabinet, the system will take 10 months to complete and would make Internet access speeds of 70 Mbit/s possible.[101]

Qatar

Qatar’s government established Qatar National Broadband Network (Qnbn), a shareholding company wholly owned by the government, with a mandate to accelerate the rollout of a nationwide, open, and accessible high-speed (100+ Mbit/s) broadband Fiber to the Home (FTTH) network infrastructure. Qnbn focuses solely on the deployment of a passive network infrastructure, providing equal and open access to operators to offer choice for the end-user and efficiently leveraging existing and new infrastructure in Qatar. Qnbn operates within the existing laws and under license conditions issued by Supreme Council of Information and Communication Technology (ictQATAR).[102][103][104]

Saudi Arabia

The Saudi Telecom Company (STC) and Mobily offer up to 200Mbit/s FTTH connections in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.[105]

United Arab Emirates

The UAE has 100% FTTP coverage, with 1 million homes connected to FTTP. Etisalat became the first FTTH/B operator in the United Arab Emirates in September 2002. The network initially served subscribers within Emaar Properties PJSC developments such as Dubai Marina, Emirates Lakes, Hills, Springs, and the Arabian Ranches

Du, the other UAE telecom operator, only uses FTTH/B. Subscribers are offered voice, IPTV and broadband Internet. All services are transported over IP.

North America

Canada

In Canada:

Bell Canada uses the Alcatel-Lucent 7330 ISAM video-ready access device, and provides Internet service via FTTH to 940 Mbit/s.[115]

Dominican Republic

In the Dominican Republic:

Mexico

In Mexico:

United States

In the United States:

South America

Argentina

In Argentina, since its launch in 2000 the telecommunications firm IPlan[131] has offered a fiber optic backbone throughout the city of Buenos Aires, and extending into the provincial capitals of Rosario, La Plata, and Córdoba. They provide Internet, telephone, and value-added services using Cisco's Long Reach Ethernet and Catalyst switches. IPlan's network reaches over 3,000 connected buildings.[132]

Other providers of FTTH or Fiber to the premises include Claro,[133] Metrotel,[134] Sion Business,[135] and Phonevision.[136] Providers offer simetric connections of up to 100Mbit/s, for as little as 35 USD for a 30Mbit/s connection and as much as 100USD for an asymmetric 100Mbit/s one and 250USD for a symmetric one.

Moreover, state-owned company ArSat has been building a national public access fiber backbone that will cross the whole country. The first half of the backbone will be done by late 2013, while the whole program will be finished by 2015 (16,000 km of fiber optics, for a total backbone of more than 60,000 km), providing subsidized fiber access to disenfranchised communities and ensuring fiber access to most of the country.[137]

Bolivia

In Bolivia, since its launch in 2000 the telecommunications firm IPlan[138] has offered a fiber optic backbone throughout the city of Buenos Aires, and extending into the provincial capitals of Rosario, La Plata, and Córdoba. They provide Internet, telephone, and value-added services using Cisco's Long Reach Ethernet and Catalyst switches. IPlan's network reaches over 3,000 connected buildings.[139]

Brazil

In Brazil:

Chile

In Chile:

Colombia

In December 2013, Colombian operator ETB launched FTTH service in Bogotá D.C. including Internet and IPTV services.[145]

Ecuador

In Ecuador:

Peru

In Peru, Misticom deployed the first FTTH network in 2013. Starting from the city of Arequipa, the company is also expanding into Lima and the provinces. Misticom operates a 10 Gigabit GPON network with end user speeds ranging from 6 Mbit/s to 100 Mbit/s. The company provides both business and residential services. Misticom is also the country's first IPTV provider.

Uruguay

State telecommunications company Antel started deploying FTTH in Montevideo in 2012, aiming to switch 240,000 clients that year with a cost of US$180 million.[146] Previous DSL subscribers keep their contract, or may switch to faster Internet Vera plans: 120/12 Mbit/s for US$65/month, 80/10 Mbit/s for US$52/month, 50/10 Mbit/s for US$40/month, or 20/2 Mbit/s for US$28/month, with lower speeds after a 350 / 250 / 200 GB cap.[147] IP television, voice over IP and connections in the department capitals are expected for 2013 and 2014.

Oceania

Australia

The first FTTH network deployed in Australia was delivered in 2001 by Bright Telecommunications – a subsidiary of Western Power, the state power company owned by the Government of Western Australia. Bright Telecommunications initially deployed Fibre to the Curb by Marconi and a point-to-point FTTH solution from Entrasys, but later progressed to a GEPON product from Alloptic. Bright telecommunications was sold to Silk Telecom (now Nextgen Networks) in 2007.

Between 2007 and 2013 the Australian (Labor) Government initiated, and were the process of rolling out, a A$36.9 billion open-access National Broadband Network comprising GPON-based FTTP services to 93% of the Australian population at speeds up to 1 Gbit/s, with the remainder of the population to be serviced by fixed-wireless and satellite technologies. The network was to be built and operated by a Government Business Enterprise, NBN Co Limited. The Labor Government's plan was for most the money to required build the NBN to be borrowed, which would then be paid off over 30 years by NBNco using the money it received from each subscriber as part of the fees paid to the commercial Retail Service Providers (RSPs) that sell services over the NBN, with the Labor Government projecting a 7% return on investment for the Government over the 30 years.[148]

Construction began with trial sites in Tasmania in 2009, with the first services commencing in July 2010. The network was scheduled for completion in December 2021.[149][150] The Tasmanian NBN trial sites were operated by Opticomm on behalf of NBN Co.[151]

Under this NBN, customers would have been able to access 5 speed tiers, starting with 12/1Mbit/s, 25/5Mbit/s, 25/10Mbit/s, 50/20Mbit/s and going up to 100/40Mbit/s.[152] Future upgrades to 1000/400Mbit/s are possible with the same network, but with upgrades to the transmission technology at either end of the connection.

Prior to 7 September 2013 Federal Election, the incoming Liberal National Party (LNP) Prime Minister, Tony Abbott declared that "We are absolutely confident 25 megs is going to be enough — more than enough — for the average household" promising to terminate the roll-out of the NBN CO's FTTH network in favour of upgrading Telstra's DSL network.[153]

The Coalition (LNP) government elected in 2013 changed the rollout to include Fibre to the Node (FTTN), Fibre to the Basement (FTTB), and Hybrid Fibre Coax (HFC) as part of the LNP Government's so-called Multi Technology Mix (MTM). FTTH will be serviced to 22%, primary Greenfield developments, or areas with serviceable copper or business areas. FTTN, FTTB and HFC will be deployed to 71%. Wireless and satellite will serve the remaining 7% of the population who are located in remote/regional areas and are unable to be serviced by FTTP, FTTN, FTTB or HFC.[154]

FTTB Rollout in Australia: National broadband companies TPG Telecom and iiNet, as well as the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, have published extensive submissions to the Federal Government supporting the right for commercial telcos to deploy their own Fibre to the Basement (FTTB) infrastructure throughout Australia in competition with the coalition’s National Broadband Network (NBN) project, rejecting the idea that such planned investments should be blocked or otherwise regulated to support National Broadband Network Co’s finances.[155]

New Zealand

In 2009, the Government announced a NZ$1.35 billion public-private Ultra-Fast Broadband partnership with four companies to roll out fibre-to-the-home connection in all main towns and cities with population over 10,000. The programme aims to deliver ultra-fast broadband capable of at least 50 Mbit/s upload and 100Mbit/s download to 75% of New Zealanders by 2019. FTTH will also be rolled out to large users (including hospitals and schools) outside these areas.[156] Chorus, responsible for the majority of the rollout, later announced the introduction of a 200Mbit/s offer.[157]

Chorus' fibre offerings includes a Gigabit option. Chorus also had a competition to name a "Gigatown" to which they would provide Gigabit residental fibre. This competition was won by Dunedin in November 2014, although as of October 2016 gigabit services are available across all of Chorus' nationwide UFB network. Residential Gigabit fibre broadband has been deployed by Ultra Fast Fibre in the several cities which they provide with UFB.[158]

As of June 2016, the UFB project is 68% complete, with fibre available to 1,006,741 users, of which 240,625 have been connected.[159]

Telecom New Zealand, the major telecommunications company in New Zealand, started a FTTP trial dubbed Next Generation Broadband (NGB) in Flat Bush, a new subdivision in South Auckland in May 2006. The NGB provides up to 30 Mbit/s downstream speeds over a Passive Optical Network (PON) with the only cost to the customers during the trial being a NZ$50 activation fee.[160] This trial network was merged into the UFB network in 2013.[161] Vector Communications provides business grade FTTP in wider regions of Auckland CBD and Wellington CBD, and extended network of over 770 km. FTTP services are available from Citylink in Wellington and the pricing makes it suitable for businesses only.

See also

References

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  4. ↑ "Faiba Residential"
  5. ↑ "Faiba Business"
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  7. ↑ "National Optical Fibre Backbone Infrastructure (NOFBI) Routes 27-6-2011", Steve Song, Scribd, 27 June 2011. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  8. ↑ "Telkom Kenya’s NOFBI management extended", Nick Sato, HumanIPO, 10 July 2013. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
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  44. ↑ (French) http://www.zinfos974.com/Zeop-deploie-la-fibre-optique-a-domicile-une-premiere-a-la-Reunion_a58210.html « Zeop déploie la fibre optique à domicile, une première à la Réunion » sur Zinfos974 19
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  67. ↑ Targo Telekom, website. (Serbian) (English translation)
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  113. ↑ "Atlantic First Nation Fibre Optic Project", Atlantic Canada's First Nation Help Desk and Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada
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  135. ↑ "Enlaces Dedicados" (Dedicated links) (Spanish), Sion Business. Retrieved 24 July 2013. (English translation)
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