Fatehabad, Haryana

This article is about the municipality in India. For its namesake district, see Fatehabad district.
Fatehabad
फतेहाबाद
ਫਤਿਹਾਬਾਦ
پھتےهاباد
city
Fatehabad
Fatehabad

Location in Haryana, India

Coordinates: 29°31′N 75°27′E / 29.52°N 75.45°E / 29.52; 75.45Coordinates: 29°31′N 75°27′E / 29.52°N 75.45°E / 29.52; 75.45
Country  India
State Haryana
District Fatehabad
Elevation 208 m (682 ft)
Population (2001)
 • Total 59,863
Languages
 • Official Hindi
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 125050
Telephone code 1667
Vehicle registration HR
Website haryana.gov.in

Fatehabad is a city and a municipal committee in Fatehabad district in the state of Haryana, India.

History

Indus Valley Civilization & Vedic Period

Aryans at first on the banks of the rivers -the Saraswati and the Drishadvati, and in the course of their expansion covered a wider area of Hisar and Fatehabad. The area was probably included in the kingdom of Pandavas and their successors. Pāṇini mentions quite a few towns of the region-Aisukari, Taushayana (Tohana) and Rori which have been identified with Hisar, Tohana and Rori, respectively2. According to Puranas, the areas of Fatehabad district remained a part of Nanda empire. The discovery of Ashokan pillars at Hisar and Fatehabad shows that the area of the district remained a part of Mauryan empire. The people of Agroha area assisted Chandragupta Maurya in the war against Greeks. After the fall of the Mauryas and Shungas, the Agras along with the Yaudheys-the republican tribes of the region-asserted for their independence. The Agras settled in the region covering Agroha and Barwala. They issued coins from Agroha, the capital headquarters.

Foreign Invasions

As attested by the discovery of coin-moulds and terracottas, the region was a part of Kushan Empire. According to A.S. Altekar, the Yaudheys made a second bid for independence towards the end of the 2nd century AD, came out successful in their venture and succeeded in freeing their home-land and ousting Kushans. This finds support from the Agroha seal1. The early 11th century saw the Ghaznavid inroads in this area. Sultan Masud led the expeditions towards Agroha.The Chauhans seem to have taken special measures for protecting the area against Muslim incursions. The area of Agroha passed on to the Muslim rule after the defeat of Prithviraj III in the Second Battle of Tarain (1192).

After the Battle of Tarain, Sultan Shihab-ud-din Muhammad Ghuri placed one of his ablest generals in the Indian campaigns. But it appears that any meaningful control could not be established. Seizing the opportunity, a Rajput clan, Jatus, believed to be an offshoot of Tomaras, widely extended their power in Fatehabad area including Agroha2.

Fatehabad Fort of Firuz Shah Tuglaq

Firuz Shah Tughlaq (1351–88)[1] shot these areas into prominence. The ruler came to have somewhat unusual fancy for the tract (Hisar). It is a great credit to him that he established new towns of Fatehabad and Hisar and built two canals; one taking off from Ghaggar at Phulad and following the course of Joiya up to the town of Fatehabad. After the death of Firuz (1388), chaos and confusion spread all round . The situation deteriorated still further when Timur invaded in 1398. During his marching, Timur invested Fatehabad which was captured without any opposition from the inhabitants. Lastly, the invader reached Tohana but he could not set- up his permanent rule over the area. He soon left for Samana after looting these areas. The areas of Fatehabad came under the control of Mughals–Babar and Humayun. There is a small and beautiful mosque known as Humayun mosque at Fatehabad . The legend assigns the association of the mosque to the Mughal Emperor Humayun who in his flight after his defeat at the hands of Sher Shah Suri happened to pass through Fatehabad. Fatehabad was one of important Mahals during Akbar's time

Sikh & Bhatti Rajput Rule

By 1760, the areas became the scene of a sort of triangular duel between the sturdy Sikhs of north-east, marauding Bhattis of north-west and the Muslim chiefs of the south. None of them could, however, hold the region permanently except for the Bhattis who became the masters of Fatehabad pargana. In 1774, Maharaja Amar Singh of Patiala along with his famous minister Dewan Nanumal laid seize to the stronghold of Bighar near Fatehabad which fell shortly afterwards. The Raja then took Fatehabad and Sirsa and invested Rania held by Bhattis. Tohana also was seized by the Chief of Patiala. But after a treaty of Jind in 1781, Fatehabad and Sirsa were made over to the Bhattis and remaining territories were allowed to be retained by the Sikhs .

Maratha Rule

By 1798, Agroha and Tohana were important parganas under the control of George Thomas. When George Thomas was driven out from here by the Sikh-Maratha-French Confederacy, a French Officer Lt. Bourquian controlled these areas on behalf of Marathas . He is said to have rebuilt the towns of Tohana and Hissar. Later these areas were placed under the charge of Illias Beg, a Mughal noble of Hansi.

British Raj

With the treaty of Surji Anjangaon 1803, the British became the rulers of this area and Marathas were vanquished forever. In November, 1884, the Sirsa district was abolished and Sirsa tahsil after the distribution of villages was formed . In 1889, 15 villages forming a detached block known as Budhlada were transferred form Kaithal tahsil to Fatehabad tahsil. The Barwala tahsil containing139 villages was abolished with effect from January 1, 1891 and its area was distributed between 3 contiguous tahsils ; 13 villages going to Hansi, 24 to Hisar and 102 to Fatehabad. At the same time 13 villages were transferred from Hissar tahsil to Bhiwani tahsil and a sub-tahsil was established at Tohana in Fatehabad tahsil. In 1923, the Tohana sub-tahsil was transferred from Fatehabad to Hisar tahsil.

Post-Independence in 1947

In 1972, Tohana sub-tahsil was upgraded to tahsil. Two sub-tahsils, one at Ratia of tahsil of Fatehabad and other at Adampur of Hisar tahsil were created in 1979. By the end of 1978, the Hisar district comprised 486 villages, divided between tahsils of Fatehabad -166; Hisar-115, Hansi-119 and Tohana-86. Fatehabad came into existence as a full-fledged district with effect from 15-7-1997, now having three sub-divisions, three tahsils and three sub-tahsils.

The district derives its name from its headquarters town Fatehabad The town was founded by Firuz Shah Tughlak in the 14th century. He named it after his son Fateh Khan, as Fatehabad.The Fatehabad district was carved out of Hisar district on 15-07-1997. Mr.P.C.Bidhan was the first Deputy Commissioner and Mr.Manoj Yadava was the first Superintendent of Police

Geography

Fatehabad is located at 29°31′N 75°27′E / 29.52°N 75.45°E / 29.52; 75.45.[2] It has an average elevation of 208 metres (682 feet).It is located in the south western part of Haryana. It is surrounded by Punjab in North, district Hisar in south, district Jind in East and Rajasthan and district Sirsa in the West. The geographical area of the district is 2520 km2. which is 5.4% of the state share.

Climate

The climate of the district is of tropical type with intensively hot summer and cool winter, with a temperature of 47 in June and 2 C in December and January. The average rainfall of the district is 400 mm.

Infrastructure

Development of an area largely depends upon the availability of certain basic infrastructure like :-

Transport

Stated below is the condition of most used means of transportation in Fatehabad.

Railways

Tehsil Tohana and Bhattu Kalan Block of Fatehabad district is well connected by broadgauge railway with Punjab, Delhi and district Sirsa. Train facility is not available in the Fatehabad City because plans are formed but are not worked on.

Road transport

In Fatehabad district, there is a net work of metalled roads which connect all its villages and towns. National Highway No.9 connects Fatehabad with Delhi and Punjab.

Electricity and power

All the villages in district have been electrified since 1970. Haryana Electricity Board is providing connections to the backward and economically weaker sections under a special programme. A MOU has been signed with an American firm to set up 1000 MW Thermal Power Project at Hisar (nearby district). 1200MW Thermal Power Project in Village Khedar Distt. Hisar has been established which is near to Fatehabad.

Agriculture marketing

The district is well equipped with the marketing facilities. There are 7 regulated markets with 15 sub yards. The proper storage facilities have been provided at all the focal points.

Agriculture Machinery

Agricultural machinery is machinery used in the operation of an agricultural area or farm. The basic technology of agricultural machines has changed little in the last century. "Chann Agriculture Works' is agricultural machinery industry has achieved rapid development after establishing in 1984 in Fatehabad and presently is the main manufacturer and supplier of Agricultural machinery all over the Haryana and in area of Rajasthan, Delhi.

Demographics

As of 2001 India census,[3] Fatehabad had a population of 59,863. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Fatehabad has an average literacy rate of 66%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 71%, and female literacy is 60%. In Fatehabad, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age. Fatehadbad also has a large jat Sikh,Kamboj population due to neighboring the Punjab state. Fatehabad was made up by Firoj Shah Tuglak. The most influential community is erstwhile punjabis of western Punjab, areas who had migrated here in year 1947.

Famous people from Fatehabad

Fatehabad has produced many great doctors, engineers and businessmen. Dr. Sourabh Verma is a practicing Pediatrician and Neonatologist in New York, USA. Dr. Rishika Sharma is a physician in Fresno, California USA. Deepesh Rahi is a famous singer at national level who grew up in Fatehabad.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. p. 98. ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.
  2. ↑ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Fatehabad
  3. ↑ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.

External links

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