Database preservation

Database preservation usually involves converting the information stored in a database to a form likely to be accessible in the long term as technology changes, without losing the initial characteristics (Context, Content, Structure, Appearance and Behaviour) of the data.

Preservation formats

SIARD (Software Independent Archiving of Relational Databases) Version 1.0

An open format developed by the Swiss Federal Archives, designed for archiving relational databases in a vendor-neutral form. A SIARD archive is a ZIP-based package of files based on XML and SQL:1999. A SIARD file incorporates not only the database content, but also machine-processable structural metadata that records the structure of database tables and their relationships. The ZIP file contains an XML file describing the database structure (metadata.xml) as well as a collection of XML files, one per table, capturing the table content. The SIARD archive may also contain text files and binary files representing database large objects (BLOBs and CLOBs). SIARD permits direct access to individual tables by exploring with ZIP tools. A SIARD archive is not an operational database but supports re-integration of the archived database into another relational database management system (RDBMS) that supports SQL:1999. In addition, SIARD supports the addition of descriptive and contextual metadata that is not recorded in the database itself and the embedding of documentation files in the archive.^[1]

SIARD (Software Independent Archiving of Relational Databases) Version 2.0

A new version of SIARD preservation format, that has been designed and developed by the EARK project.^[2] A draft specification is available, together with a request for comments.

DBML (Database Markup Language)

A XML schema created by the academic researcher José Carlos Ramalho^[3] from the University of Minho that is able to capture table information and data from a relational database.^[4]

Software

Database Preservation Toolkit

The Database Preservation Toolkit (a.k.a. DBPTK) allows conversion between Database formats, including connection to live systems, for purposes of digitally preserving databases. The toolkit allows conversion of live or backed-up databases into preservation formats such as SIARD, a XML-based format created for the purpose of database preservation. The toolkit also allows conversion of the preservation formats back into live systems to allow the full functionality of databases. For example, it supports a specialized export into MySQL, optimized for PhpMyAdmin, so the database can be fully experimented using a web interface.

This toolkit was originally part of the RODA^[5] project and now has been released as a project by its own due to the increasing interest on this particular feature. It is now being further developed in the EARK project together with a new version of the SIARD preservation format.

The toolkit is created as a platform that uses input and output modules. Each module supports read and/or write to a particular database format or live system. New modules can easily be added by implementation of a new interface and adding of new drivers.^[6]

Database preservation projects

In the past different research groups have contributed to the solutions of the problems of database preservation. Research projects carried out in the past in this regard include:

Software independent archival of relational databases (SIARD)^[7]
Software Database Preservation Toolkit (open-source, supports SIARD 2.0)^[6]
Repository of Authentic Digital Objects (RODA)^[8]
Digital Preservation Testbed^[9]
Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe (LOCKSS)^[10]

References

↑ "SIARD (Software Independent Archiving of Relational Databases) Version 1.0". 30 May 2015.
↑ Pardo, Chris. "Home - E-Ark Project".
↑ "José Carlos Ramalho Homepage".
↑ "http://repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt/bitstream/1822/7120/1/EML2007-final.pdf" (PDF). External link in |title= (help)
↑ "RODA Community - Repository of Authentic Digital Objects".
1 2 "db-preservation-toolkit by keeps".
↑ Heuscher, Stephan; Jaermann, Stephan; Keller-Marxer, Peter; Moehle, Frank (24 August 2004). "Providing Authentic Long-term Archival Access to Complex Relational Data" – via arXiv.org.
↑ "http://repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt/bitstream/1822/8226/1/RodaAndCrib.pdf" (PDF). External link in |title= (help)
↑ "Duurzaam beheer van digitaal archiefmateriaal - Nationaal Archief" (PDF).
↑ "LOCKSS - Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe".

Database

Main	Requirements Theory Models Database management system Machine Server Application Connection datasource DSN Administrator Lock Types Tools

Languages	Data definition Data manipulation Query information retrieval

Security	Activity monitoring Audit Forensics Negative database

Design	Entities and relationships (and Enhanced notation) Normalization Refactoring

Programming	Abstraction layer Object-relational mapping

Management	Virtualization Tuning caching Migration Preservation Integrity

See also	Database-centric architecture Intelligent database Two-phase locking Locks with ordered sharing Load file Publishing Halloween Problem Log shipping

Book Category WikiProject

Conservation-restoration of cultural heritage

Collection care and management	Collecting Collection (artwork) Collections care Collection catalog Collections maintenance Collections management (museum) Collection Management Policy Collections Management System Cultural heritage management Cultural resources management Deaccessioning (museum) Digital repository audit method based on risk assessment Display case Documentation of cultural property Emergency response (museum) Exhibition of cultural heritage objects Found in collection Inherent vice Inventory (museum) Museum integrated pest management Preservation metadata Preservation Metadata: Implementation Strategies Preservation of meaning Preservation survey Provenance Repatriation Restoration (cultural heritage) Storage of cultural heritage objects

Expertise	Art handler Collection manager Conservator-restorer Conservation scientist Conservation technician Curator Exhibition designer Mount maker Objects conservator Paintings conservator Photograph conservator Preservationist Registrar (museum) Textile conservator

Area specialities	Antiques restoration Archaeology Bioarchaeology Building restoration Conservation science Digital photograph restoration Digital preservation Database preservation Film preservation Frame conservation Heritage science Historic preservation Media preservation Object conservation Optical media preservation Painting conservation Preservation (library and archival science) Restoration Sustainable preservation Web archiving

Techniques	Aging (artwork) Anastylosis Arrested decay Archaeological sites Architecture Automobiles Bone, horn, and antler objects Books, manuscripts, documents and ephemera Ceramic objects Clocks Copper-based objects Feathers Flags and banners Frescos Fur objects Glass objects Historic gardens Human remains Illuminated manuscripts Iron and steel objects Ivory objects Lacquerware Leather objects Lighthouses Metals Musical instruments Neon objects New media art Outdoor artworks Outdoor bronze objects Outdoor murals Paintings Painting frames Parchment Photographs Plastic objects Shipwreck artifacts Silver objects Stained glass Textiles Tibetan thangkas Time-based media art Totem poles Vehicles Vinyl discs Woodblock prints Wooden furniture Cradling (paintings) Detachment of wall paintings Desmet method Fabric restoration Historic paint analysis Inpainting Kintsugi Leafcasting Lining of paintings Mass deacidification Mold control and prevention in libraries Mold prevention Overpainting Paper splitting Radiography of cultural objects Reconstruction (architecture) Textile stabilization Transfer of panel paintings UVC-based preservation

Notable projects	Conservation issues of Pompeii and Herculaneum Conservation-restoration of Ecce Homo by Elías García Martínez Conservation-restoration of Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper Conservation-restoration of the Shroud of Turin Conservation-restoration of the Sistine Chapel frescoes Conservation-restoration of the Statue of Liberty

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