Colm Tóibín

Colm Tóibín
Colm Tóibín at the 2006 Texas Book Festival
Born	(1955-05-30) 30 May 1955 Enniscorthy, County Wexford, Ireland
Occupation	Writer, Journalist
Language	English
Nationality	Irish
Education	B.A., (Hon) D.Litt.
Alma mater	University College Dublin (UCD)
Period	Late 20th century – Early 21st century
Genre	Essay, Novel, Short Story, Play, Poem
Subject	Irish society, living abroad, the process of creativity, the preservation of a personal identity
Notable works	The Heather Blazing The Story of the Night The Blackwater Lightship The Master Brooklyn
Website
www.colmtoibin.com

Colm Tóibín (Irish pronunciation: [ˈkɔl̪ˠəmˠ t̪ˠoːˈbʲiːnʲ]; born 30 May 1955) is an Irish novelist, short story writer, essayist, playwright, journalist, critic and poet.^[1][2]

Tóibín is currently Irene and Sidney B. Silverman Professor of the Humanities at Columbia University and succeeded Martin Amis as professor of creative writing at the University of Manchester.^[3] He was hailed as a champion of minorities as he collected the 2011 Irish PEN Award.^[4] In 2011, he was named one of Britain's Top 300 Intellectuals by The Observer.^[5]

Early life

Tóibín was born in 1955 in Enniscorthy, County Wexford, in the southeast of Ireland. Tóibín's parents were Bríd and Michael Tóibín.^[6] He is the second youngest of five children. His grandfather, Patrick Tobin, was a member of the IRA, as was his grand-uncle Michael Tobin. Patrick Tobin took part in the 1916 Rebellion in Enniscorthy and was subsequently interned in Frongoch in Wales. Tóibín's father was a teacher who was involved in the Fianna Fáil party in Enniscorthy; he died when Colm was 12 years old.

Tóibín grew up in a home where there was, he said, "a great deal of silence."^[7] Unable to read until the age of nine, he was overcome by a stammer.^[8] He received his secondary education at St Peter's College, Wexford, where he was a boarder between 1970 and 1972. He later spoke of finding some of the priests attractive.^[9]

In July 1972, aged 17, he had a summer job as a barman in the Grand Hotel in Tramore, County Waterford, working from six in the evening to two in the morning. He spent his days on the beach, reading The Essential Hemingway, the copy of which he still professes to have, its "pages stained with seawater." The book developed in him a fascination with Spain, led to a wish to visit that country, and gave him "an idea of prose as something glamorous, smart and shaped, and the idea of character in fiction as something oddly mysterious, worthy of sympathy and admiration, but also elusive. And more than anything, the sheer pleasure of the sentences and their rhythms, and the amount of emotion living in what was not said, what was between the words and the sentences."^[10]

He progressed to University College Dublin, graduating in 1975. Immediately after graduation, he left for Barcelona. Tóibín's first novel, 1990's The South, was partly inspired by his time in Barcelona, as was, more directly, his non-fiction Homage to Barcelona (1990). Having returned to Ireland in 1978, he began to study for a master's degree. However, he did not submit his thesis and left academia, at least partly, for a career in journalism.

The early 1980s were an especially bright period in Irish journalism, and the heyday of the monthly news magazine Magill. Tóibín became the magazine's editor in 1982, and remained in the position until 1985. He left due to a dispute with Vincent Browne, Magill's managing director.

Work

The South was followed by The Heather Blazing (1992), The Story of the Night (1996) and The Blackwater Lightship (1999). His fifth novel, The Master (2004), is a fictional account of portions in the life of author Henry James. He is the author of other non-fiction books: Bad Blood: A Walk Along the Irish Border (1994), (reprinted from the 1987 original edition) and The Sign of the Cross: Travels in Catholic Europe (1994).

Tóibín has written two short story collections. His first, Mothers and Sons, which as the name suggests explores the relationship between mothers and their sons, was published in 2006, and was reviewed favourably (including by Pico Iyer in The New York Times). His second, broader collection, The Empty Family, was published in 2010,^[11] and was shortlisted for the 2011 Frank O'Connor International Short Story Award.^[12]

Tóibín wrote a play, titled Beauty in a Broken Place, which was staged in Dublin in August 2004. He has continued to work as a journalist, both in Ireland and abroad, writing for the London Review of Books among other publications. He has also achieved a reputation as a literary critic: he has edited a book on Paul Durcan, The Kilfenora Teaboy (1997), and The Penguin Book of Irish Fiction (1999); and has written The Modern Library: The 200 Best Novels in English since 1950 (1999), with Carmen Callil. He has also written a collection of essays, Love in a Dark Time: Gay Lives from Wilde to Almodóvar (2002), and a study on Lady Gregory, Lady Gregory's Toothbrush (2002).

Tóibín sent a photograph of Borges to Don DeLillo, who described it as "the face of Borges against a dark background—Borges fierce, blind, his nostrils gaping, his skin stretched taut, his mouth amazingly vivid; his mouth looks painted; he's like a shaman painted for visions, and the whole face has a kind of steely rapture". DeLillo often seeks inspiration from it.^[13]

In 2011, The Times Literary Supplement published his poem "Cush Gap, 2007".^[1] 2012 brought the publication of The Testament of Mary. In 2014, he released his first full-length novel since Brooklyn (2009), a portrait of a recently widowed mother of four in Wexford struggling through a period of grief, entitled Nora Webster.^[2]

Colm Toíbín reading at Kunstverein Köln / Cologne, Germany, 12th September 2016

In 2015, ahead of the Marriage Equality referendum, Tóibín delivered a talk titled "The Embrace of Love: Being Gay in Ireland Now" in Trinity Hall, featuring Roger Casement's diaries, the work of Oscar Wilde, John Broderick and Kate O'Brien, and Senator David Norris's 1980s High Court battles.^[14] In the same year, he released On Elizabeth Bishop, a critical study which made The Guardian's Best Books of 2015 list twice.^[15]

Style

Tóibín has said his writing comes out of silence. He does not favour story and does not view himself as storyteller. He has said, "Ending a novel is almost like putting a child to sleep – it can't be done abruptly."^[2]

Tóibín works in the most extreme, severe, austere conditions. He sits on a hard, uncomfortable chair which causes him pain. When working on a first draft he covers the right-hand side only of the page; later he carries out some rewriting on the left-hand side of the page. He keeps a word processor in another room on which to transfer writing at a later time.^[16]

Themes

Tóibín's work explores several main lines: the depiction of Irish society, living abroad, the process of creativity, and the preservation of a personal identity, focusing especially on homosexual identities, but also on identity when confronted with loss. The "Wexford" novels, The Heather Blazing and The Blackwater Lightship, use Enniscorthy, the town of Tóibín's birth, as narrative material, together with the history of Ireland and the death of his father. An autobiographical account and reflection on this episode can be found in the non-fiction book, The Sign of the Cross. In 2009, he published Brooklyn, a tale of a woman emigrating to Brooklyn from Enniscorthy.

Two other novels, The Story of the Night and The Master, revolve around characters who have to deal with a homosexual identity and take place outside Ireland for the most part, with a character having to cope with living abroad. His first novel, The South, seems to have ingredients of both lines of work. It can be read together with The Heather Blazing as a diptych of Protestant and Catholic heritages in County Wexford, or it can be grouped with the "living abroad" novels. A third topic that links The South and The Heather Blazing is that of creation, of painting in the first case and of the careful wording of a judge's verdict in the second. This third thematic line culminated in The Master, a study on identity, preceded by a non-fiction book on the same subject, Love in a Dark Time. The book of short stories "Mothers and Sons" deals with family themes, both in Ireland and Catalonia, and homosexuality.

Tóibín has written about gay sex in several novels, though Brooklyn contains a heterosexual sex scene in which the heroine loses her virginity.^[17] In his 2012 essay collection New Ways to Kill Your Mother: Writers and Their Families he studies the biographies of James Baldwin, J. M. Synge and W. B. Yeats, among others.^[18]

His personal notes and work books reside at the National Library of Ireland.^[19]

Tóibín is a member of Aosdána and has been visiting professor at Stanford University, The University of Texas at Austin and Princeton University. He has also lectured at several other universities, including Middlebury College, Boston College, New York University, Loyola University Maryland, and The College of the Holy Cross. He was a professor of creative writing at the University of Manchester, succeeding Martin Amis in that post,^[3] and currently teaches at Columbia University.

Personal life

Tóibín is openly gay.^[20] He refrains from watching television, admitting to having experienced confusion between the politicians Ed Miliband and Ed Balls.^[21] He has expounded on the delights of a greasy fry-up in the morning.^[21]

Tóibín's 50th-birthday celebrations in Dublin featured a fracas between the playwright Tom Murphy and theatre impresario Michael Colgan. Murphy smashed his plate of curry down on Colgan's head.^[22]

Awards and honours

• 1993: Encore Award for a second novel The Heather Blazing^[23]
• 1999: Booker Prize shortlist for The Blackwater Lightship
• 2001: International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award shortlisted for The Blackwater Lightship
• 2006: International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award for The Master^[23]
• 2004 Booker Prize shortlist for The Master
• 2004 Los Angeles Times Novel of the Year for The Master
• 2004 Stonewall Book Award for The Master
• 2004 Lambda Literary Award for The Master
• 2004 The New York Times as one of the ten most notable books of the year for The Master
• 2007: Elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature.^[24]
• 2008: Honorary degree of Doctor of Letters (DLitt) at the University of Ulster in recognition of his contribution to contemporary Irish Literature.
• 2009: Booker Prize longlist.^[25]
• 2009: Costa Novel Award for Brooklyn^[26]
• 2010 Awarded the 38th annual AWB Vincent American Ireland Fund Literary Award.^[23]
• 2011: International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award shortlist^[27]
• 2011: Irish PEN Award for contribution to Irish literature.^[3]
• 2011 Frank O'Connor International Short Story Award shortlist for The Empty Family.^[28][29][30]
• 2013: Booker Prize shortlist for The Testament of Mary^[31]
• 2014: Named as a trustee to The Griffin Trust For Excellence In Poetry, which awards the Griffin Poetry Prize
• 2015: Hawthornden Prize for Nora Webster^[32]

Bibliography

Fiction

• The South, Serpent's Tail, 1990 
• The Heather Blazing, Picador, 1992, ISBN 978-0-330-32124-2 
• The Story of the Night, Picador, 1996, ISBN 978-0-330-34017-5 
• The Blackwater Lightship, McClelland and Stewart, 1999, ISBN 978-0-7710-8561-1 
• The Master, Picador, 2004, ISBN 978-0-330-48565-4 
• Mothers and Sons, Picador, 2006, ISBN 978-0-330-44182-7 
• Brooklyn, Dublin: Tuskar Rock Press, 2009, ISBN 978-3-446-23566-3 
• The Empty Family, Penguin/Viking, 2010, ISBN 978-0-670-91817-1 
• The Testament of Mary, Viking, 2012, ISBN 978-1451688382 
• Nora Webster, Scribner, 2014, ISBN 978-1439138335 

Short fiction

Non-fiction

• Tóibín, Colm; O'Shea, Tony (1987). Walking along the border. Macdonald. 
• Martyrs and metaphors, Letters from the New Island, vol. 1, no. 2., Raven Arts, 1987, ISBN 978-1-85186-036-4 
• The trial of the generals : selected journalism, 1980–1990, Raven Arts Press, 1990, ISBN 978-1-85186-081-4 
• Homage to Barcelona, Simon & Schuster, 1990, ISBN 978-0-671-71061-3 
• Dubliners, O'Shea, Tony (illus.), London: Macdonald, 1990, ISBN 0-356-17641-X 
• Bad Blood: A Walk Along the Irish Border, Picador, 1994, ISBN 978-0-330-52097-3 
• The Sign of the Cross: Travels in Catholic Europe, Jonathan Cape, 1994, ISBN 978-0-224-03767-9 
• Tóibín, Colm, ed. (1995), The Guinness Book of Ireland, Guinness World Records, ISBN 978-0-85112-597-8 
• Tóibín, Colm, ed. (1996), The Kilfenora Teaboy: A Study of Paul Durcan, New Island Books, ISBN 978-1-874597-31-5 
• Tóibín, Colm; Callil, Carmel (1999), The Modern Library: The Two Hundred Best Novels in English Since 1950, Picador, ISBN 978-0-330-34182-0 
• Tóibín, Colm, ed. (1999), The Penguin Book of Irish Fiction, Penguin/Viking, ISBN 978-0-670-85497-4 
• Love in a Dark Time: Gay Lives From Wilde to Almodovar, Picador, 2002, ISBN 978-0-330-49137-2  (First English edition; Australian edition published 2001)
• Lady Gregory's Toothbrush, University of Wisconsin Press, 2002, ISBN 978-0-299-18000-3 
• Schneider, Gregor; O'Hagan, Andrew; Tóibín, Colm (2004), Die Familie Schneider, Artangel, ISBN 978-3-86521-236-8 
• The Use of Reason, Picador, 2006, ISBN 978-0-330-44573-3 ^[33]
• Sean Scully: Walls of Aran, Thames & Hudson, 2007, ISBN 978-0-500-54339-9 ^[34]
• A Guest at the Feast. A Memoir, Penguin, 2011, ISBN 978-0-241-96229-9 ^[35]
• New Ways to Kill Your Mother: Writers and their Families, Penguin, 2012, ISBN 978-1-4516-6855-1 
• On Elizabeth Bishop, Princeton University Press, 2015, ISBN 9780691154114 

Filmography

• 2017 : Return to Montauk (writer)

Further reading

Wikiquote has quotations related to: Colm Tóibín

• Allen Randolph, Jody. "Colm Tóibín, December 2009." Close to the Next Moment. Manchester: Carcanet, 2010.
• Boland, Eavan. "Colm Tóibín." Irish Writers on Writing. San Antonio: Trinity University Press, 2007.
• Delaney, Paul. Reading Colm Tóibín. Dublin: Liffey Press, 2008, ISBN 978-1-905785-41-4
• Educational Media Solutions, 'Reading Ireland, Contemporary Irish Writers in the Context of Place', 2012, Films Media Group

References

Sources

• Ryan, Ray. Ireland and Scotland: Literature and Culture, State and Nation, 1966–2000. Oxford University Press, 2002.

External links

• Official website
• Colm Tóibín at British Council: Literature
• Colm Tóibín at The New York Review of Books (article archive)
• Biographical profile at The Guardian
• Colm Tóibín at The Guardian (article archive)
• Alan Betson / THE IRISH TIMES photo of Tóibín receiving the 2011 Irish PEN Award
• BBC Radio 4 Desert Island Discs interview (first broadcast 7th Jan 2016

Recipients of the International Dublin Literary Award
If the winning book is a translation, the prize is divided between the writer and the translator, with the writer receiving €75,000 and the translator €25,000.
Writer / Translator	David Malouf (1996) Javier Marías / Margaret Jull Costa (1997) Herta Müller / Michael Hofmann (1998) Andrew Miller (1999) Nicola Barker (2000) Alistair MacLeod (2001) Michel Houellebecq / Frank Wynne (2002) Orhan Pamuk / Erdağ Göknar (2003) Tahar Ben Jelloun / Linda Coverdale (2004) Edward P. Jones (2005) Colm Tóibín (2006) Per Petterson / Anne Born (2007) Rawi Hage (2008) Michael Thomas (2009) Gerbrand Bakker / David Colmer (2010) Colum McCann (2011) Jon McGregor (2012) Kevin Barry (2013) Juan Gabriel Vásquez / Anne McLean (2014) Jim Crace (2015) Akhil Sharma (2016)