7th century in England
 7th century in England: |
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Events from the 7th century in England.
Events
- c. 600–660
- Repton Abbey founded.
- 601
- The Bishopric of Canterbury is raised to an Archbishopric.[1] The future holders of this office, Mellitus, Justus and Honorius, and the future Archbishop of York Paulinus, are sent to England by Pope Gregory I to aid Augustine in his missionary work. Gregory writes the decretal Libellus responsionum to Augustine.
- 604
- The first Bishop of London and Bishop of Rochester are consecrated; King Æthelberht of Kent founds St Paul's Cathedral in the City of London.[1]
- King Æthelfrith unites Bernicia and Deira under one ruler to create the Kingdom of Northumbria.
- 26 May - Death of Augustine, the first Archbishop of Canterbury. He is succeeded by Laurence.
- 614
- Cynegils and Cwichelm of Wessex fight on the same side at Beandun,[2] defeating the Welsh.[3]
- 616
- 24 February - Death of Æthelberht of Kent. He is succeeded by Eadbald.
- Battle of Chester: King Æthelfrith of Northumbria defeats Powys.[1]
- Battle of the River Idle: King Rædwald of East Anglia kills Æthelfrith of Northumbria, and conquers the Kingdom of Elmet.[1]
- 619
- 624
- 625
- 21 July? - Paulinus consecrated as the first Bishop of York.
- 627
- Paulinus converts Northumbria and the Kingdom of Lindsey to Christianity,[1] baptising King Edwin of Northumbria on 12 April, for which purpose the first (wooden) York Minster is built. Also this year, Paulinus founds St Peter's School, York, which continues in existence into the 21st century.
- 628
- Battle of Cirencester: King Penda of Mercia defeats Wessex and captures lands along the River Severn.[1]
- 630
- King Ricberht of East Anglia dies and is succeeded by Sigeberht who returns from exile in France. He rules together with his kinsman Ecgric, re-establishing Christianity.
- King Penda of Mercia besieges Exeter. King Cadwallon ap Cadfan of Gwynedd lands with a force nearby and negotiates an alliance with Penda.
- Eanswith, daughter of king Eadbald of Kent, founds the Benedictine Folkestone Priory, the first nunnery in England.[4]
- 631
- Felix of Burgundy and the Irish monk Fursey convert the Kingdom of East Anglia to Christianity.[1]
- 633
- 12 October - Battle of Hatfield Chase (near Doncaster): Gwynedd and Mercia attack and defeat Northumbria; Elmet and Ebrauc temporarily return to Celtic rule.[5]
- 634
- Eanfrith of Bernicia is killed while attempting to negotiate peace with Cadwallon ap Cadfan, King of Gwynedd.[6]
- Battle of Heavenfield (near Hexham): Northumbrian forces led by Oswald of Bernicia decisively defeat the larger forces of Gwynedd under Cadwallon (who is killed).[5][6] Oswald reunites the kingdoms of Bernicia and Deira under his single rule.
- Aidan founds the priory at Lindisfarne.[1]
- 635
- Birinus, the French-born first Bishop of Dorchester, begins the conversion of Wessex to Christianity.[1] King Cynegils of Wessex is baptised at about this time.
- 638
- King Oswald of Northumbria captures Edinburgh.[1]
- 640
- 20 January - Death of Eadbald of Kent. He is succeeded by his son Eorcenberht.
- 642
- 5 August - Battle of Maserfield: King Penda of Mercia kills Oswald of Northumbria and divides his realm.[3] Oswald's brother Oswiu becomes king of Bernicia, subject to Penda.
- 643
- 649
- 3 December - Death of Birinus, Bishop of Dorchester, in his Wessex diocese; he is succeeded by Agilbert.
- 652
- Cenwalh of Wessex wins a battle at Bradford-on-Avon.
- 653
- Sigeberht the Good succeeds Sigeberht the Little as king of Essex.
- The Northumbrian monk Cedd begins the conversion of Mercia and Essex to Christianity at the request of Sigeberht the Good.[1]
- 30 September - Death of Honorius, Archbishop of Canterbury.
- 653 or 654
- Battle of Bulcamp (near Blythburgh): King Anna of East Anglia is killed by Penda of Mercia and succeeded by his brother Æthelhere of East Anglia.
- 654
- Bishop Cedd establishes the Chapel of St Peter-on-the-Wall near Bradwell-on-Sea in Essex.
- 655
- March - Deusdedit is consecrated as the first native-born Archbishop of Canterbury.
- 15 November - Battle of the Winwaed: King Oswiu of Bernicia kills King Penda of Mercia, giving himself rule over all of Northumbria and Mercia.[1] He installs Penda's son Peada as client king of Mercia south of the River Trent. Æthelhere of East Anglia is also killed in the battle and succeeded by his brother Æthelwold.
- 656
- Easter - Peada of Mercia is killed through the treachery of his wife (Oswiu's daughter).[3][6]
- Approximate date - Foundation of Medeshamstede Abbey (predecessor of Peterborough) in Mercia under Seaxwulf.
- 657
- Hilda founds Whitby Abbey.[1]
- 658
- (Between 657 and 659) - Three Mercian leaders, Immin, Eafa and Eadbert, rebel against Northumbrian rule and instal Wulfhere (Peada's brother) as king of all Mercia, its first Christian ruler.[1]
- Battle of Peonnum: King Cenwalh of Wessex conquers Dorset and Somerset, pushing the Britons into Devon and Cornwall.[1]
- 660
- First Bishop of Winchester (Wine) consecrated.[1]
- 661
- Battle of Posbury: King Cenwalh of Wessex invades Dumnonia (South West England). He is victorious over the native Briton tribes near Crediton in Devon and drives them to the coast.
- King Wulfhere of Mercia and his army sack the Berkshire Downs (south of Thame) and move south to conquer the Meonwara and the Isle of Wight.
- Wulfhere appoints Æthelwealh as king of Sussex and is baptised in Mercia. He receives the recently conquered territories in modern-day Hampshire.
- 663
- (After 658 and shortly before 664) - Wilfrid is granted the abbacy of Ripon by Alhfrith of Deira, ejects the previous abbot and other monks (including Cuthbert) who will not observe the customs of Rome and introduces the Rule of Saint Benedict.[7]
- 664
- Synod of Whitby: King Oswiu of Northumbria rules that his kingdom will calculate Easter and observe the monastic tonsure according to the customs of Rome rather than those of Celtic Christianity.[1]
- 14 July
- Approximate date - Death of Deusdedit, Archbishop of Canterbury. He is succeeded by Wighard who dies before his consecration and is succeeded by Theodore of Tarsus.
- Death of Eorcenberht of Kent.
- 665
- Approximate date - Wilfrid is elevated to a bishopric in Northumbria but travels to Compiègne to be consecrated.
- 669
- Theodore of Tarsus enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury and tasked with re-organising the English Church.[1]
- Wilfrid is installed as Bishop of York.
- First Bishop of Mercia (Diuma) consecrated,[1] with his seat at Repton.
- 670
- 15 February - Oswiu of Northumbria dies. He is succeeded as King of Bernicia by his elder son, Ecgfrith, and as King of Deira by his younger son, Ælfwine.
- 672
- King Ecgfrith of Northumbria defeats the Picts.[1]
- 26 September - Synod of Hertford gives the Archbishop of Canterbury authority over the whole of the English Church.[1]
- 674
- Construction of Ripon Minster, in the Italian style, begins.[1]
- Benedict Biscop founds Monkwearmouth-Jarrow Abbey.[1]
- 675
- Church of All Hallows established in the City of London.
- 676
- First Bishop of Hereford (Putta) consecrated.[1]
- 677
- 678
- Battle of the River Trent: Mercia defeats Northumbrian invasion.[1]
- 680
- Wilfrid converts the last Saxon pagan realm, the Kingdom of Sussex, to Christianity.[1]
- First Bishop of Worcester (Bosel) consecrated.[1]
- 681
- Centwine of Wessex pursues the Britons to the sea.[3]
- 684
- Cuthbert becomes Bishop of Hexham.[1]
- King Ecgfrith of Northumbria campaigns in Ireland.[1]
- 685
- 20 May - Battle of Dun Nechtain: Picts kill Ecgfrith of Northumbria near Dunnichen in Scotland, ending Saxon rule north of the River Forth.[1]
- King Cædwalla of Wessex takes control of Kent, Surrey, Sussex, and the Isle of Wight.[1]
- 688
- Cædwalla baptised in Rome, but dies shortly after and is succeeded by Ine.[1]
- Re-foundation of Glastonbury Abbey.[1]
- 690
- 19 September - Death of Theodore of Tarsus, Archbishop of Canterbury. He is succeeded by Berhtwald.
- 691
- 694
- King Ine of Wessex writes a new code of laws.[1]
- 698
- Creation of the Lindisfarne Gospels perhaps begins;[1] its creator Eadfrith becomes Bishop of Lindisfarne probably in this year.
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 30–34. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ↑ Possibly Bindon near Axmouth in Devon, see Morris, J. (1995) The Age of Arthur ISBN 1-84212-477-3 p.307.
- 1 2 3 4 Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.
- ↑ Yorke, Barbara (2003). Nunneries and the Anglo-Saxon Royal Houses. London: Continuum. p. 23. ISBN 0-8264-6040-2.
- 1 2 Annales Cambriae.
- 1 2 3 Bede. Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum.
- ↑ Stephen of Ripon (8th century) Vita Sancti Wilfrithi.
See also
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