1920 Cleveland Tigers (NFL) season

The 1920 Cleveland Tigers season was the franchise's inaugural season in the American Professional Football Association (APFA) and fifth total as an American football team. The Tigers entered the season coming off a 5-win, 2-loss, 2-tie (5–2–2) record in 1919. After the 1919 season, several representatives from the Ohio League, a loose organization of profession football teams, wanted to form a new professional league; thus, the APFA was created.

The Tigers opened the season with a 0–0 tie against the Dayton Triangles, en route to a 2–4–2 record, which placed the team 10th in the final standings. In week 8, the Tigers scored 7 points against the Akron Pros, which was the only points Akron allowed all season. The sportswriter Bruce Copeland compiled the 1920 All-Pro list, but no players from the Tigerss were on it. As of 2012, no player from the 1920 Tigers roster has been enshrined in the Pro Football Hall of Fame.

Offseason

The Cleveland Tigers finished 5–2–2 in their 1919 season in the Ohio League.^[1] After the 1919 season, representatives of four Ohio League teams—the Canton Bulldogs, the Tigers, the Dayton Triangles, and the Akron Pros—called a meeting on August 20, 1920, to discuss the formation of a new league. At the meeting, they tentatively agreed on a salary cap and pledged not to sign college players or players already under contract with other teams. They also agreed on a name for the circuit: the American Professional Football Conference.^[2][3] They then invited other professional teams to a second meeting on September 17.^[4]

At the second meeting, held at Bulldogs owner Ralph Hay's Hupmobile showroom in Canton, representatives of the Rock Island Independents, the Muncie Flyers, the Decatur Staleys, the Racine Cardinals, the Massillon Tigers, the Chicago Cardinals, and the Hammond Pros agreed to join the league. Representatives of the Buffalo All-Americans and Rochester Jeffersons could not attend the meeting, but sent letters to Hay asking to be included in the league.^[5] Team representatives changed the league's name slightly to the American Professional Football Association and elected officers, installing Jim Thorpe as president.^[5][6][7] Under the new league structure, teams created their schedules dynamically as the season progressed, so there were no minimum or maximum number of games needed to be played.^[8][9] Also, representatives of each team voted to determine the winner of the APFA trophy.^[10]

Schedule

Dunn Field, the home stadium of the 1920 Cleveland Tigers

1920 Cleveland Tigers season^[11]

Week	Date	Opponent	Result	Venue	Attendance	Record
1	No game scheduled
2	No game scheduled
3	October 10, 1920	at Dayton Triangles	0–0 T	Triangle Park	N/A	0–0–1
4	October 17, 1920	at Canton Bulldogs	7–0 L	Lakeside Park	8,000	0–1–1
5	October 24, 1920	at Akron Pros	7–0 L	League Park	N/A	0–2–1
6	October 31, 1920	vs. Columbus Panhandles	7–0 W	Dunn Field	5,000	1–2–1
7	November 7, 1920	vs. Canton Bulldogs	18–0 L	Dunn Field	N/A	1–3–1
8	November 14, 1920	vs. Akron Pros	7–7 T	Dunn Field	8,000	1–3–2
9	November 21, 1920	vs. Toledo Maroons	14–7 W	Dunn Field	N/A	2–3–2
10	November 28, 1920	at Buffalo All-Americans	7–0 L	Buffalo Baseball Park	5,000	2–4–2
11	No game scheduled
12	No game scheduled
13	No game scheduled

Game summaries

Week 3: at Dayton Triangles

October 10, 1920, at Triangle Park

In their opening game of the 1920 season, the Tigers played the Dayton Triangles. The Triangles were coming off a historic game; it was the first match between two APFA teams.^[12] No team scored in this game, and it ended in a 0–0 tie.^[13]

Week 4: at Canton Bulldogs

October 17, 1920, at Lakeside Park

The Tigers next faced the Canton Bulldogs, which would be the Bulldogs' first APFA opponent. The Tigers lost 7–0 before a crowd of 7,000 people.^[14] The Bulldogs' offense had 15 first downs, and the only score of the game came when the Bulldogs' Ike Martin had a 7-yard touchdown run in the first quarter.^[14][15] Jim Thorpe of the Bulldogs, who would later be enshrined in the Pro Football Hall of Fame,^[16] made his season debut in the game, coming in as a substitute in the fourth quarter.^[15]

Week 5: at Akron Pros

October 24, 1920, at League Park

The Akron Pros were the Tigers' next opponent. Playing in front of 6,000 fans, the game was called a "punting duel" by the Youngstown Vindicator.^[17] The only score came from a punt block by Akron's Bob Nash in the first quarter. Nash grabbed the ball from the Tigers' punter, Stan Cofall, on the 8-yard line and ran in for the score.^[17] With an extra point from Charlie Copley, the Pros defeated the Tigers 7–0 to keep their undefeated season alive.^[17] During the game, injuries for both teams occurred. Pollard of the Pros dislocated his right shoulder, and Toughey Conn for the Tigers injured his right leg in the fourth quarter.^[18]

Week 6: vs. Columbus Panhandles

October 31, 1920, at League Park

In week 6, the Tigers played against the Columbus Panhandles. In front of 5,000 fans,^[19] the Tigers won 7–0.^[20] The lone score came from a rushing touchdown in the second quarter from Charlie Brickley.^[21] This was the eighth straight loss for the Panhandles, dating back to 1919, and the seventh straight without scoring.^[22] According to football historian Chris Willis, this loss for the Panhandles crushed the city of Columbus and made the Panhandles challenge lesser teams for the rest of the season.^[22]

Week 7: vs. Canton Bulldogs

November 7, 1920, at Dunn Field

Tigers' next game was played against the Canton Bulldogs, who were coming off their first loss of the season.^[23] Neither team scored in the first quarter, but the Bulldogs ran for two touchdowns in the second. Calac and Grigg had 6- and 15-yard rushing touchdowns.^[24] The Bulldogs' defense forced two safeties—one in the third and one in the fourth quarter—to win the game 18–0.^[24]

Week 8: vs. Akron Pros

November 14, 1920, at Dunn Park, Cleveland, Ohio

In week eight, the Tigers had a rematch with the Pros. Playing in front of 8,000 fans,^[25] the Pros allowed their first and only points of the year from a 50-yard touchdown pass from Mark Devlin to Tuffy Conn and an extra point by Al Pierotti in the third quarter.^[26] Pollard had a 20-yard rushing touchdown in the second quarter and Copley made an extra point to tie the game at 7–7, making it the second tie of the season for the Tigers. The final score of the game was a 14–0 victory for the Tigers.^[26]

Week 9: vs. Toledo Maroons

November 21, 1920, at Dunn Field, Cleveland, Ohio

The Toledo Maroons were the Tigers' next opponent. The Maroons were an independent team but joined the APFA in 1922.^[27] Prior to this game, the Maroons did not score a point against an APFA tem all season, and that streak continued into this game.^[28] In the first quarter, Baston blocked a kick and ran it for a touchdown. He would later score the game's final points in the fourth as he caught a receiving touchdown from Pierotti.^[29]

Week 10: at Buffalo All-Americans

November 28, 1920, at Buffalo Baseball Park

In their final game of the 1920 season, the Tigers played against the Buffalo All-Americans, who were coming off their first loss of the season.^[30] The Public Ledger called the game "scrappy"; most forward passes were blocked, and neither team's offense was productive.^[31] A total of 5,000 fans showed up to the game.^[30] The All-Americans had possession on the 5-yard line and the 1-foot line, but the Tigers' defense stopped them.^[31] The only score of the game came in the third quarter. Anderson scored an 8-yard rushing touchdown.^[32]

Post-season

Due to several losses, the Triangles did not contend for the APFA trophy in 1920. The Tigers' performance of 2–4–2 would be the team's best before folding in 1921.^[33] Sportswriter Bruce Copeland compiled the 1920 All Pro team, but no players made the list.^[34] As of 2012, no players from the 1920 Dayton Triangles were enshrined in the Pro Football Hall of Fame.^[35]

Roster

Standings

1920 APFA standings[37]
	W	L	T	PCT	DIV	PF	PA	STK
Akron Pros	8	0	3	1.000	6–0–3	151	7	T2
Decatur Staleys	10	1	2	.909	5–1–2	164	21	T1
Buffalo All-Americans	9	1	1	.900	4–1–1	258	32	T1
Chicago Cardinals	6	2	2	.750	3–2–2	101	29	T1
Rock Island Independents	6	2	2	.750	4–2–1	201	49	W1
Dayton Triangles	5	2	2	.714	4–2–2	150	54	L1
Rochester Jeffersons	6	3	2	.667	0–1	156	57	T1
Canton Bulldogs	7	4	2	.636	4–3–1	208	57	W1
Detroit Heralds	2	3	3	.400	1–3	53	82	T2
Cleveland Tigers	2	4	2	.333	1–4–2	28	46	L1
Chicago Tigers	2	5	1	.286	1–5–1	49	63	W1
Hammond Pros	2	5	0	.286	0–3	41	154	L3
Columbus Panhandles	2	6	2	.250	0–4	41	121	W1
Muncie Flyers	0	1	0	.000	0–1	0	45	L1

   Awarded the Brunswick-Balke Collender Cup and named APFA Champions.
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.

Notes

References

• Davis, Jeff (2005). Papa Bear, The Life and Legacy of George Halas. McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-146054-3. 
• Peterson, Robert (1997). Pigskin: The Early Years of Pro Football. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-507607-9. 
• PFRA Research (1980). "Happy Birthday NFL?" (PDF). The Coffin Corner. Professional Football Researchers Association. 2 (8). 
• Siwoff, Seymour; Zimmber, Jon; Marini, Matt (2010). The Official NFL Record and Fact Book 2010. National Football League. ISBN 978-1-60320-833-8. 
• Willis, Chris (2007). The Columbus Panhandles: A Complete History of Pro Football's Toughest Team, 1900–1922. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-5893-0.