Zoila Ugarte de Landívar

Zoila Ugarte de Landívar (also known by her pseudonym Zarelia) (1864–1969) was an Ecuadorian writer, journalist, suffragist, and feminist. She was the first female journalist in Ecuador. Together with Hipatia Cárdenas de Bustamante, she was a key defender of women's suffrage in Ecuador.

Ugarte was born on June 27, 1864 in Quito. She began working as a journalist in the late 1880s. She began to use the pseudonym Zarelia in the weekly Tesoro del Hogar, founded by Lastenia Larriva de Llona, which was published between 1887 and 1893. In addition, in 1911 she became the first female director and editor of the political newspaper La Prensa.

Ugarte's thinking leaned toward liberalism and radicalism. In 1905, she founded the magazine La Mujer. At the same time, she directed the National Library.

In 1922, Ugarte founded the Light of Pichincha Feminist Society (Sociedad Feminista Luz del Pichincha); she also served as the president of the organization. In addition, she founded the Anticlerical Feminist Center (Centro Feminista Anticlerical), an organization that defended women's suffrage in the wake of controversy following its establishment in 1929.

Ugarte died in Quito on November 16, 1969.