United States third-party and independent presidential candidates, 2012

United States third party and independent presidential candidates, 2012
United States

This article contains lists of official third party and independent candidates associated with the 2012 United States presidential election.

"Third party" is a term commonly used in the United States to refer to political parties other than the two major parties, the Democratic Party and Republican Party. An independent candidate is one who runs for office with no formal party affiliation.

Those listed as candidates have done one or more of the following: formally announced they are candidates in the 2012 presidential election, filed as candidates with the Federal Election Commission (FEC), and/or received the presidential nomination of their respective party. They are listed alphabetically by surname within each section.

Ballot access to 270 or more electoral votes

vote totals on ballots representing 270 electoral votes. All other candidates were on the ballots of fewer than 10 states, 100 electors, and less than 20% of voters nationwide.

Presidential ticket Party Ballot access[1] Votes Percentage
States Electors % of voters
Johnson / Gray Libertarian 48 + DC 515 95.1% 1,275,951 0.99%
Stein / Honkala Green 36 + DC 436 83.1% 469,628 0.36%
Goode / Clymer Constitution 26 257 49.9% 122,388 0.09%
Anderson / Rodriguez Justice 15 145 28.1% 43,018 0.03%
Lindsay / Osorio Socialism & Liberation 13 115 28.6% 7,791 0.006%

No candidates were "spoilers", i.e. having a greater total in any state greater than the margin between the top two candidates.

Libertarian Party

Nominee

Gary Johnson
Former Governor of New Mexico

(Website)
Wikinews has related news: Wikinews interviews former New Mexico governor Gary Johnson, presidential nominee of the Libertarian Party

Johnson declared his candidacy for the Libertarian Party nomination on December 28, 2011 at a press conference in Santa Fe, New Mexico.[2] The announcement followed his withdrawal from his previous candidacy for the Republican presidential nomination, which he had announced on April 21, 2011.[3] Johnson won the nomination at the May 5, 2012 convention in Las Vegas on the first ballot.[4] Judge James P. Gray of California was his running mate.

Ballot access

Gold – States where Gary Johnson had ballot access. (515 Electoral)
Pale Yellow – States where Gary Johnson had write-in access. (16 Electoral)
Total – 531 Electoral

Candidates

R.J. Harris
Army Veteran, of Oklahoma

(Website)
Wikinews has related news: Wikinews interviews U.S. Libertarian Party potential presidential candidate R.J. Harris

Harris filed his candidacy for the Libertarian presidential nomination on August 24, 2011 to the FEC.[5] Harris received the endorsement of Ron Paul during his unsuccessful bid for the Republican nomination to US Congress District 4.[6] He withdrew his presidential candidacy in on April 11, 2012 and announced he would instead make a second run for the U.S. Congress.[7]

Carl Person
Attorney, of New York

(Website)

 Person announced his candidacy for the Libertarian presidential nomination in June 2011.[8]
Sam Sloan
Chess player, publisher and writer from New York
 Sloan announced his candidacy for the Libertarian presidential nomination in January 2012.[9][10]
R. Lee Wrights
Author and Libertarian National Committee Member, of Texas

(Website)
Wikinews has related news: Wikinews interviews U.S. Libertarian Party presidential candidate R. Lee Wrights

Wrights announced his candidacy for the Libertarian presidential nomination on April 16, 2011 at the Libertarian Party of North Carolina’s annual convention in Hickory, North Carolina.[11]

Declined to run

The following people were the focus of presidential speculation in past media reports, but ultimately decided to not run for the nomination of the Libertarian Party.

Green Party

Nominee

Jill Stein
Physician, of Massachusetts

(Website)

 Stein formally announced her candidacy on October 24, 2011. She indicated that a key point of her campaign will be her proposal for a "Green New Deal", which aims to provide energy-based public jobs for the unemployed.[17] In May 2012, she became the party's presumptive nominee.[18] On July 14, 2012, she won the official nomination at the Green Party National Convention in Baltimore.[19][20] Stein's running mate was Cheri Honkala of Pennsylvania.[21]

Ballot access

Green – States where Jill Stein had ballot access. (444 Electoral)
Light Green - States where Jill Stein had write-in access. (63 Electoral)
(As of November 16, 2012 Jill Stein was not on Secretary of State’s list of valid candidates in Montana so her write-in votes were not counted in Montana. This was because she missed the filing deadline of September 28.)
Total – 507 Electoral

Candidates

Stewart Alexander
Activist and 2008 Socialist Party USA vice-presidential nominee, of California
 Alexander announced in August 2010 that he would seek the 2012 presidential nomination of the Green Party. Alexander also announced that he would seek the 2012 presidential nomination of the Socialist Party USA.[22][23] He withdrew his candidacy for the Green Party nomination in July 2011.[24]
  • Socialist Party USA vice presidential nominee, 2008
Roseanne Barr
Comedian, of Hawaii

(Website)

 Barr announced in August 2011 that she would run for president in 2012 as the nominee of a political party she intends to create, called the "Green Tea Party."[25] On January 25, 2012, she filed a declaration with the FEC.[26] Barr has submitted paperwork to the Green Party for her candidacy, and stated on February 2, 2012 that she is a longtime supporter of the Green Party.[27] After losing the Green Party nomination to Stein, Barr continued her campaign, winning the nomination of the Peace and Freedom Party.[28]
Kent Mesplay
Activist and air quality inspector, of California

(Website)

 Mesplay announced during an interview with Wikinews on June 29, 2008, that he was in the planning stages for a 2012 presidential campaign.[29] On May 24, 2011, he filed with the FEC as an official candidate for the Green Party nomination.[30]

Declined to run

The following people were the focus of presidential speculation in past media reports, but ultimately decided to not run for the nomination of the Green Party.

Americans Elect

Main article: Americans Elect

Americans Elect announced on May 17, 2012 that it would not field a candidate for president, as no candidate garnered enough support in the organization's online primary to reach its self-imposed threshold for the nomination.[36]

Ballot access

Blue – States where A.E. had ballot access. (292 Electoral)
Light Blue – States where A.E. had submitted petitions. (41 Confirmed)
Total – 327 Electoral

Candidates

The following were the only four declared candidates to achieve more than 1,000 supporters for the presidential nomination of Americans Elect prior to the organization's announcement that it would not field a 2012 presidential candidate:

Buddy Roemer
Former Governor of Louisiana

(Website)

 On December 1, 2011, still a Republican Party candidate, Roemer announced his candidacy for the presidential nomination of Americans Elect.[37][38] He officially left the Republican Party race in February 2012, and chose to seek the Reform Party presidential nomination in addition to Americans Elect.[39] After the decision to not field a candidate, Roemer suspended his campaign as a whole.[40] He attained an overall total of 6,293 supporters on the Americans Elect website.[41]
Rocky Anderson
Former Mayor of Salt Lake City, Utah

(Website)

 On March 14, 2012, Anderson announced his candidacy for the presidential nomination of Americans Elect. He was the 2012 nominee of the Justice Party,[42][43] and continued his campaign after the board decision. He attained an overall total of 3,390 supporters on the Americans Elect website.[41]
Michealene Risley
Activist, of California

(Website)

 In the summer of 2011, Risley mulled a presidential run. Learning about Americans Elect, she decided to seek the organization's presidential nomination.[44] After the board decided to not field a presidential candidate, Risley became involved in a movement to overturn the decision. She attained an overall total of 2,351 supporters on the Americans Elect website.[41]
Laurence Kotlikoff
Economist, of Massachusetts

(Website)

 In early January 2012, Kotlikoff announced his intentions to seek the presidential nomination of Americans Elect.[45] He filed with the FEC on January 12.[46] In May 2012, he chose to also seek the Reform Party nomination, but ended his presidential campaign as a whole after Americans Elect decided to not field a candidate.[47] He attained an overall total of 2,027 supporters on the Americans Elect website.[41]

Declined to run

The following people were the focus of presidential speculation in past media reports, but ultimately decided to not run for the nomination of Americans Elect.

Constitution Party

Nominee

Virgil Goode
Former U.S. Representative of Virginia

(Website)
Wikinews has related news: Wikinews interviews former Congressman Virgil Goode, Constitution Party presidential candidate

Goode filed with the FEC as a presidential candidate on February 10, 2012.[49] He told The Daily Caller on February 16 that he would seek the Constitution Party presidential nomination.[50][51] He won the nomination at the National Convention on April 21, and selected outgoing party chairman Jim Clymer as his running mate.[52]

  • Virginia State Senate, 1973–1997
  • United States House of Representatives, 1997–2009

Ballot access

Purple - States where Virgil Goode had ballot access. (257 Electoral)
Light Purple – States where Virgil Goode had write-in access. (235 Confirmed Electors)
Total – 492 Electors

Candidates

Darrell Castle
Attorney from Tennessee
 Castle nominated himself as a candidate for the Constitution Party's presidential nomination at the 2012 National Convention. He said that several party delegates convinced him to run.[53][54]
  • Constitution Party Vice presidential nominee, 2008
Laurie Roth
Radio talk show host, of Washington

(Website)

Roth announced her candidacy for the American Independent Party of California in November 2011.[55][56] She ran for the nomination of the Constitution Party as well.[57][58]
Robby Wells
Former Savannah State University football coach, of North Carolina

(Website)

 Wells announced his candidacy on November 21, 2011.[59][60] He later decided to seek the Reform Party's presidential nomination,[61] then switched to the Constitution Party.[62]

Declined to run

The following people were the focus of presidential speculation in past media reports, but ultimately decided to not run for the nomination of the Constitution Party.

Justice Party

Nominee

Rocky Anderson
Former Mayor of Salt Lake City, of Utah

(Website)
Wikinews has related news: Wikinews interviews former Salt Lake City mayor and 2012 presidential candidate Rocky Anderson

Anderson announced in November 2011 that he will run for president as the nominee of a newly formed political party, the Justice Party, of which he is a founding member.[64][65]

Ballot access

Blue – States where Anderson had ballot access. (145 Electoral)
Light Blue – States where Anderson had write-in access. (278 Confirmed Electors)
Total – 423 Electors

Ballot access to fewer than 270, but more than 50 electoral votes

Party for Socialism and Liberation

Nominee

Peta Lindsay
Anti-war activist from Pennsylvania
 Lindsay received the nomination of the Party for Socialism and Liberation in November 2011. Lindsay was 28 years of age as of 2012 and thus was constitutionally ineligible for the office.[66][67] Due to this, Gloria La Riva served as a stand in on the ballot in Colorado, Iowa, Utah and Wisconsin.[68]

Ballot Access

Light Red - States where Lindsay had ballot access. (146 Electoral)
Purple - States where Lindsay had Write-In access. (30 Electoral)
Total - 176 Electoral

American Independent Party

Nominee

Tom Hoefling
Political activist, of Iowa

(Website

 Hoefling won the nomination of the American Independent Party (AIP) at its nominating convention on August 11, 2012.[69] He is also the presidential nominee of America's Party[70] His running mate on the AIP ticket is Robert Ornelas of California.[69]

Ballot Access

Dark Turquoise - States where Hoefling had ballot access. (93 Electoral)
Light Turquoise - States where Hoefling had Write-In access. (315 Confirmed)
Total - 408 Electoral

Candidates

Wiley Drake
Radio host and pastor, of California

(Website)

Drake filed with the FEC as a presidential candidate in March 2012.[71]
  • American Independent Party vice presidential nominee, 2008
Virgil Goode
Former U.S. Representative of Virginia

(Website)

 Goode won the Constitution Party nomination at the party's National Convention on April 21.[52] In a May 2012 interview, Goode told the Independent Political Report that he would also seek the American Independent Party nomination.[72]
  • Virginia State Senate, 1973–1997
  • United States House of Representatives, 1997–2009
Edward C. Noonan
Activist, of California

(Website)

Noonan announced his candidacy in August 2011. He finished first in the California American Independent Party primary in June.[73]
  • American Independent Party chairman, 2006-2008
  • California gubernatorial candidate, 2006
  • U.S. Senate candidate, 2010
Laurie Roth
Radio talk show host, of Washington

(Website)

Roth announced her candidacy for the American Independent Party in November 2011.[55][56] She also ran for the nomination of the Constitution Party,[57][58] but lost at the convention. She withdrew from the American Independent Party race in July and endorsed Republican Mitt Romney.[74]

Peace and Freedom Party

Nominee

Roseanne Barr
Comedian, of Hawaii

(Website)

 After losing the Green Party presidential nomination, Barr continued her campaign, seeking the nomination of the Peace and Freedom Party, which she won at the party's convention August 4, 2012 after two ballots, first with only 29 votes, then with a majority of 37. Anti-war activist Cindy Sheehan was selected as her running mate.[75]

Ballot Access

Purple - States where Barr had ballot access. (93 Electoral)
Light Purple - States where Barr had Write-In access. (174 Confirmed)
Total - 267 Electoral

Candidates

Stewart Alexander
Activist and 2008 Socialist Party USA vice-presidential nominee, of California
 Alexander announced in August 2010 that he would seek the 2012 presidential nomination of the Green Party. Alexander also announced that he would seek the 2012 presidential nomination of the Socialist Party USA.[22][23] He withdrew his candidacy for the Green Party nomination in July 2011, and said he would only seek the nominations of the Socialist USA and Peace and Freedom Parties.[24] He won the nomination of the Socialist USA Party, but finished third at the Peace and Freedom Party Convention with 12 votes on the first ballot and six on the second.[75]
  • Socialist Party USA vice presidential nominee, 2008
Rocky Anderson
Former Mayor of Salt Lake City, of Utah

(Website)

 Anderson announced in November 2011 that he would run for president as the nominee of a newly formed political party, the Justice Party, of which he is a founding member.[64][65] After failing to secure ballot access for the party in California, Anderson decided to seek the Peace and Freedom Party nomination. He withdrew from the race a few days before the convention.[75]
Stephen Durham
Socialist feminist activist, of New York

(Website)

 Durham won the Freedom Socialist presidential nomination on January 31, 2012,[76][77] and then sought the Peace and Freedom Party nomination. He finished second at the convention, receiving 18 votes on the first ballot, and 16 on the second.[75]
Peta Lindsay
Anti-war activist from Pennsylvania
 Lindsay received the nomination of the Party for Socialism and Liberation in November 2011.[66]

[67] She then decided to seek the nomination of the Peace and Freedom Party, but chose to withdraw just before the convention vote, giving her support to Barr.[75]

Socialist Workers Party

Nominee

James Harris
Activist from New York		 Harris won the presidential nomination of the Socialist Workers Party in July 2012. His running mate is Maura DeLuca.[78]
  • Socialist Workers Party presidential nominee, 1996 and 2000

Ballot Access

Brown - States where Harris had ballot access. (59 Electoral)
Light Brown - States where Harris had Write-In access. (55 Confirmed)
Total - 114 Electoral

Socialist Party USA

Main article: Socialist Party USA

Nominee

Stewart Alexander
Activist and 2008 Socialist Party USA vice-presidential nominee, of California

(Website)

Alexander announced in July 2010 that he would seek the 2012 presidential nomination of the Socialist Party USA (SPUSA).[22][23] In October 2011, he received the formal nomination of the SPUSA at the Party's National Convention in Los Angeles, California.[79][80]

Ballot Access

Dark Red - States where Alexander had ballot access. (56 Electoral)
Red - States where Alexander had Write-In access. (109 Confirmed)
Total - 165 Electoral

Ballot access to fewer than 50 electoral votes

America's Party

Nominee

Tom Hoefling
Political activist, of Iowa

(Website

 Hoefling won the nomination of America's Party at its online nominating convention held on February 18, 2012. J.D. Ellis of Tennessee is Hoefling's running mate.[70][81]

Ballot Access

Note: Hoefling was also the nominee of the American Independent Party.
Dark Turquoise - States where Hoefling had ballot access. (93 Electoral)
Light Turquoise - States where Hoefling had Write-In access. (315 Confirmed)
Total - 408 Electoral

Objectivist Party

Main article: Objectivist Party

Nominee

Tom Stevens
Attorney and 2008 Objectivist Party presidential nominee, of New York
 Stevens, the founder and chairman of the Objectivist Party, was unanimously selected as the party's nominee by its delegates at the party's National Convention in May 2010. He filed his candidacy with the FEC in June 2011.[82][83] Alden Link of New York is Stevens' running mate.

Ballot Access

Green - States where Stevens had ballot access. (38 Electoral)
Light Green - States where Stevens had Write-In access.
Total - 38 Electoral

American Third Position Party

Nominee

Merlin Miller
Independent filmmaker from Tennessee

(Website)

 Miller won the nomination of the American Third Position Party on January 12, 2012. Retired professor Virginia Abernethy was selected as his running mate.[84]

Ballot Access

Dark Brown - States where Miller had ballot access. (34 Electoral) Caramel - States where Miller has Write-In access. (29 Electoral) Total - 63 Electoral

Reform Party USA

Nominee

Andre Barnett
Businessman and fitness model, of New York

(Website)

 Barnett announced his candidacy on May 6, 2011.[85][86] He was nominated by the Reform Party on August 12, 2012 at the party's nominating convention in Philadelphia.[87] His running mate is Kenneth Cross of Arkansas.

Ballot Access

Dark Blue - States where Barnett had ballot access. (29 Electoral) Light Blue - States where Barnett had Write-In access (38 Confirmed) Total - 67 Electoral

Candidates

Darcy Richardson
Historian, of Florida (Website)
 Richardson challenged President Obama in five 2012 Democratic Party presidential primaries, accumulating 41,386 votes. He announced his intentions to seek the Reform Party presidential nomination on June 15, 2012 following the withdrawal of Roemer.[88][89]
Laurence Kotlikoff
Economist, of Massachusetts

(Website)

 In May 2012, Kotlikoff announced he would seek the nomination of the Reform Party in addition to Americans Elect.[90] After Americans Elect decided to not field a 2012 presidential later that month, he ended his campaign as a whole.[47]
Buddy Roemer
Former Governor of Louisiana

(Website)

 Roemer withdrew from the Republican Party race on February 23, 2012, and announced he would seek the nomination of the Reform Party along with Americans Elect.[91] Roemer withdrew from the race in May 31, 2012.[92]
Robert David Steele
Open-source intelligence advocate, of Virginia

(Website)

 Steele filed with the FEC to run as a Reform Party presidential candidate on December 16, 2011.[93][94] He withdrew from the race on February 23.[95]
Robby Wells
Former Savannah State University football coach, of North Carolina

(Website)

 Wells announced his candidacy on November 21, 2011.[59][60] He later decided to seek the Reform Party's presidential nomination,[61] then switched to the Constitution Party.[62]

Socialist Equality Party

Nominee

Jerry White
Journalist and 1996 and 2008 Socialist Equality Party presidential nominee, of Michigan

(Website)

 White was announced as the Socialist Equality Party candidate in February 2012.[96][97]

Ballot Access

Maroon - States where White had ballot access. (27 Electoral)
Red - States where White had Write-In access. (80 Confirmed)
Total - 107 Electoral

Grassroots Party

Main article: Grassroots Party

Nominee

Jim Carlson
Businessman from Minnesota
 Carlson received the nomination of the Grassroots Party in June 2012. His running mate is George McMahon of Iowa.[98][99]

Ballot Access

Olive - States where Carlson had ballot access. (10 Electoral)
Light Brown - States where Carlson had Write-In access.
Total - 10 Electoral

Prohibition Party

Main article: Prohibition Party

Nominee

Jack Fellure
Perennial candidate, of West Virginia
 Fellure filed with the FEC as a Republican Party presidential nominee on November 5, 2008.[100] At the Prohibition Party National Convention on June 22, 2011, he received the party's presidential nomination.[101] Toby Davis of Mississippi is Fellure's running mate.

Ballot Access

Brown - States where Fellure had ballot access. (8 Electoral)
Light Brown - States where Fellure had Write-In access. (50 Electoral)
Total - 58 Electoral

Candidate

James Hedges
Former Thompson Township Tax Assessor of Pennsylvania
Wikinews has related news: Wikinews interviews Jim Hedges, U.S. Prohibition Party presidential candidate

Hedges announced in February 2010 that he would seek the 2012 presidential nomination of the Prohibition Party.[102][103] He was defeated for the nomination by Jack Fellure at the Party's National Convention in June 2011.[101]

No ballot access

Boston Tea Party

Former Nominee

Jim Duensing
Political activist and attorney, of Nevada

(Website

 Duensing was nominated by the BTP in a special nomination convention held online in March–April 2012.[104][105] Duensing's running mate was Kimberly Barrick of Arizona.

Freedom Socialist Party

Nominee

Stephen Durham
Socialist feminist activist, of New York

(Website)

 The Freedom Socialist Party's write-in campaign by longtime community organizer and gay labor activist Stephen Durham, with vice-presidential running-mate Chicana feminist Christina López, was announced on January 31, 2012.[76][77]

Ballot Access

Pink - States where Durham had Write-In access. (90 Confirmed Electors)
Total - 90 Electoral

Modern Whig Party

Main article: Modern Whig Party

Nominee

T.J. O'Hara
Turnaround expert and strategic consultant from California

(Website)

 O'Hara was endorsed by the Modern Whig Party on August 16, 2012.[106] He becomes the first presidential candidate endorsed by the Modern Whig Party.

Ballot Access

Yellow - States where O'Hara has Write-In access. (67 Electoral)

Independent

Ballot Access

Yellow - States where Independent candidates have Ballot or Write-In access.
Green - States with every candidate has instant Write-In access.
Alabama, Iowa, Oregon, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Wyoming are not listed below unless the candidate has been directly placed on the ballot.
Randall Terry
Pro-life activist of West Virginia

(Website)

 Randall Terry announced his general election campaign for president in May 2012. He had previously run in the Democratic Presidential Primaries.[107]
Randy Blythe
Vocalist and songwriter, of metal band Lamb of God from Virginia
 Blythe announced his candidacy for president in January 2012.[108][109]
Robert Burck
Street performer, of New York
 Burck, better known as the Naked Cowboy, initially announced his intentions to run for president on September 29, 2010,[110] before formally declaring his candidacy at a press conference in New York City's Times Square on October 6, 2010.[111][112][113] Burck proclaimed “I am not a Republican, I am not a Democrat, I am an American .....it is my goal and intention to lead the Tea Party to the office of the presidency.”[114]

In October 2012, Burck - having attained no ballot or write-in access in any state - endorsed Mitt Romney for President.[115]

Terry Jones
senior pastor of Dove World Outreach Center in Gainesville, Florida (Website)
 Jones announced October 27, 2011 that he was running for president.[116][117] He filed with the FEC on the same day, and listed "NPA" for his party affiliation.[118]
Joe Schriner
Journalist, author, and perennial presidential candidate, of Ohio

(Website)

 The day after the 2008 presidential election, Schriner recorded a podcast declaring his candidacy for the 2012 presidential election, stating that it would be his final campaign.[119][120] This is Schriner's fourth consecutive bid for the presidency.

Declined to run

The following people were the focus of presidential speculation in past media reports, but ultimately decided not to run as independent candidates.

Ran for president in 2016

See also

References

  1. ↑ "2012 BALLOT STATUS FOR PRESIDENT". Ballot-access.org. October 27, 2012. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  2. ↑ "Gary Johnson makes switch to Libertarian Party official". New Hampshire Union Leader. December 28, 2011. Retrieved December 28, 2011.
  3. ↑ "Gary Johnson makes 2012 presidential run official". Politico. April 21, 2011. Retrieved August 6, 2011.
  4. ↑ "Gary Johnson Wins Libertarian Party Nomination". Retrieved May 5, 2012.
  5. ↑ "Page by Page Report=FEC.gov". September 2, 2011. Retrieved January 12, 2012.
  6. ↑ "RJ Harris Announces His Candidacy for Libertarian Party President". The Times Of India. April 24, 2011. Retrieved January 12, 2012.
  7. ↑ "RJ Harris Ends Campaign for LP Presidential Nomination". Independent Political Report. April 11, 2012. Retrieved April 12, 2012.
  8. ↑ "Carl Person, Candidate For The Libertarian Party's Presidential Nomination In 2012, Publishes Introductory Biography". Independent Political Report. June 29, 2011. Retrieved January 31, 2012.
  9. ↑ "Sam Sloan Announces For Libertarian Party Presidential Nomination". Independent Political Report. January 16, 2012. Retrieved January 26, 2012.
  10. ↑ "Principal Campaign Committee:Committee to Elect Sam Sloan". Federal Election Commission (FEC). January 2012. Retrieved January 26, 2012.
  11. ↑ (April 18, 2011) "Wrights Launches Presidential Campaign and New Officers Elected at LPNC Annual Convention" Archived September 30, 2011, at the Wayback Machine., http://www.lpnc.org. Rertrievd October 31, 2011.
  12. ↑ Volack, Jason M. (October 30, 2011) "Libertarian Party Tells Ron Paul to Come On Over" ABC News. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  13. ↑ Krebs, Michael (October 31, 2011) "Ron Paul dominates Iowa straw poll, Libertarian Party courts him", Digital Journal. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  14. ↑ Moye, David (November 4, 2010) "Sports Handicapper Gambles on Becoming President", AOL News. Retrieved November 4, 2010.
  15. ↑ Myers, Laura (November 30, 2010) "Las Vegas will host Libertarian convention", Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved November 30, 2010.
  16. ↑ Derby, Kevin (January 14, 2011) "Presidential Derby", Sunshine State News. Retrieved April 12, 2011.
  17. ↑ "Jill Stein launches Green Party presidential bid". Boston Herald. October 24, 2011. Retrieved October 24, 2011.
  18. ↑ "Massachusetts physician Jill Stein says she has enough delegates for Green Party nomination", Associated Press. The Washington Post. June 6, 2012. Retrieved July 11, 2012.
  19. ↑ "Mass. doctor Jill Stein wins Green Party's presidential nod". USA Today. Associated Press. July 14, 2012. Retrieved July 15, 2012.
  20. ↑ Kilar, Steve (July 14, 2012). "Green Party nominates Jill Stein for president at Baltimore convention". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved July 15, 2012.
  21. ↑ Caldwell, Leigh Ann (July 11, 2012) "Running mate revealed: Green Party running mate, that is", CBS News. Retrieved July 11, 2012.
  22. 1 2 3 Perry, Richard (August 18, 2010) Election 2012: Stewart Alexander Will Seek Green Party Presidential Nomination Philadelphia Independent Media Center. Retrieved November 9, 2010.
  23. 1 2 3 Clarke, Stephen (November 4, 2010) "U.S. Election 2012: Stewart Alexander Making Big Push for Electric Car Manufacturing", IndyBay. Retrieved November 10, 2010.
  24. 1 2 Lomibao, Lynn (July 2, 2011). "U.S. Election 2012: Alexander Will Only Seek SPUSA, PFP Nominations for President". indybay.org. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  25. ↑ Roseanne Barr: "Green Tea Party" Candidate
  26. ↑ Zakarin, Jordan (August 5, 2011). "Roseanne Barr: 'I'm Running For President' (VIDEO)". Huffington Post.
  27. ↑ Miga, Andrew (February 3, 2012) "Roseanne Barr seeks Green Party presidential nod", Associated Press. Yahoo! News. Retrieved July 3, 2012
  28. ↑
  29. ↑ "Wikinews interviews Kent Mesplay, Green Party presidential candidate". Wikinews. June 29, 2008. Retrieved June 5, 2011.
  30. ↑ "Mesplay, Kent P.". FEC. Retrieved June 5, 2011.
  31. ↑ Borges, Christine (October 8, 2010)"Five Reasons Jello Biafra Won't Rejoin the Dead Kennedys", Broward-Palm Beach New Times. Retrieved October 29, 2010.
  32. ↑ McCutcheon, Jody (October 22, 2010) "In Defense Of... Jello Biafra", ChartAttack. Retrieved October 29, 2010.
  33. ↑ "Green Party Watch: Green Party's invitation to Van Jones makes waves". Independent Political Report. September 18, 2009. Retrieved November 12, 2011.
  34. ↑ Yager, Jordy (September 12, 2011). "Green Party courts Van Jones for future run". The Hill. Retrieved November 12, 2011.
  35. ↑ "Green Party Considers Van Jones for Presidential Run". Environmental Leader. September 15, 2009. Retrieved November 12, 2011.
  36. ↑ Sarlin, Benji (May 17, 2012). Americans Elect: Sorry, No Candidate This Year. Talking Points Memo. Retrieved May 17, 2012.
  37. ↑ Schoenberg, Shira (December 1, 2011) "Buddy Roemer says he will campaign for president on third-party ticket", Boston Globe. Retrieved December 1, 2011.
  38. ↑ Weigel, David (December 1, 2011) "Buddy Roemer, Your New Third Party Savior", Slate. Retrieved December 1, 2011.
  39. ↑ Memoli, Michael A. (February 22, 2012). "Buddy Roemer ending GOP bid, will seek Reform Party nomination". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved June 9, 2012.
  40. ↑ "Buddy Roemer Ends Presidential Campaign". Independent Political Report. May 31, 2012. Retrieved June 9, 2012.
  41. 1 2 3 4 "Americans Elect makes major decision; leading candidates respond". Wikinews. June 5, 2012. Retrieved June 9, 2012.
  42. ↑ Higgs, Steven (March 17, 2012) "Anderson embraces Americans Elect nominating process", The Bloomington Alternative. Retrieved March 21, 2012.
  43. ↑ Derby, Kevin (March 17, 2012) "Established Politicians Going Third Party in 2012 Race", Sunshine State News. Retrieved March 21, 2012.
  44. ↑ Boyce, Dave (March 20, 2012). "Woodside's Michealene Risley seeks high, high office". Almanac Online. Retrieved June 9, 2012.
  45. ↑ Censky, Annalyn (January 5, 2012). "Economics professor Laurence Kotlikoff to run for president". CNN. Retrieved February 3, 2012.
  46. ↑ "Kotlikoff, Laurence J.". FEC. Retrieved February 3, 2012.
  47. 1 2 "Kotlikoff ends Reform Party presidential bid". Independent Political Report. June 5, 2012. Retrieved June 9, 2012.
  48. ↑ Wilson, Reid (February 19, 2012). Starbucks CEO Howard Schultz Says No To Politics. National Journal. Retrieved February 19, 2012.
  49. ↑ "Virgil Goode FEC filing". FEC. Retrieved February 18, 2012.
  50. ↑ Nelson, Steven (February 16, 2012). "Former Va. Rep. Virgil Goode announces presidential bid". The Daily Caller. Retrieved February 18, 2012.
  51. ↑ Pershing, Ben (February 16, 2012). "Ex-congressman Virgil Goode eyes presidential bid". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 18, 2012.
  52. 1 2 "Virgil Goode Wins Constitution Party Nomination on First Ballot, Picks VP Choice". Independent Political Report. April 21, 2012.
  53. ↑ Cassidy, Austin (April 20, 2012). "Castle Among Six Candidates to Seek Constitution Party Nomination". Uncovered Politics.
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