Werner Faymann

Werner Faymann
24th Chancellor of Austria
In office
2 December 2008 – 9 May 2016
President Heinz Fischer
Deputy Josef Pröll
Michael Spindelegger
Reinhold Mitterlehner
Preceded by Alfred Gusenbauer
Succeeded by Reinhold Mitterlehner (Acting)
Chairman of the Social Democratic Party
In office
16 June 2008 – 9 May 2016
Preceded by Alfred Gusenbauer
Succeeded by Michael Häupl (Acting)
Minister for Transport, Innovation and Technology
In office
11 January 2007 – 23 November 2008
Chancellor Alfred Gusenbauer
Preceded by Hubert Gorbach
Succeeded by Doris Bures
Personal details
Born (1960-05-04) 4 May 1960
Vienna, Austria
Political party Social Democratic Party
Spouse(s) Martina Ludwig
Children 2
Religion Roman Catholicism
Signature

Werner Faymann (German: [ˈvɛɐ̯nɐ ˈfaɪman]; born 4 May 1960) is a former Austrian politician who was Chancellor of Austria and chairman of the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ) from 2008 to 2016. On 9 May 2016, Faymann resigned from both positions amid widening criticism within his party.[1]

Early life and education

Werner Faymann was born in Vienna[2] and also went to grammar school there. He enrolled at the University of Vienna (jurisprudence, political science, and history of art) but attended just one lecture there without taking any exams. Instead, he worked as a taxi driver.[3]

Career

In 1981, Faymann became provincial chairman of the Socialist Youth Vienna (Sozialistische Jugend Wien). From 1985 to 1988 Faymann was a consultant to the bank Zentralsparkasse der Gemeinde Wien (now UniCredit Bank Austria AG). The bank at the time was closely linked to the municipal government dominated by the Social Democrats.[4] He left the bank to become director and provincial chairman of the Viennese Tenants' counselling.

Subsequently, Faymann became a member of the Viennese state parliament and municipal council, where he held various positions concerning housing construction and urban renewal.[5]

Federal Minister for Transport, 2007–08

Faymann was Federal Minister for Transport, Innovation and Technology in the Cabinet of Chancellor Alfred Gusenbauer. Moreover, Gusenbauer appointed him as coalition co-ordinator.[6]

Soon Faymann was seen as the likely successor of Gusenbauer. He never challenged Gusenbauer openly, but the chancellor faced an internal party rebellion in June 2008 and voluntarily relinquished the party leadership.[6] On 16 June 2008 Faymann succeeded Gusenbauer as chairman of the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ) and led the party in the snap legislative elections, held on 28 September 2008.

The election was famously preceded by Faymann and Gusenbauer announcing a shift in the party's position towards the signing of new EU treaties, which they did by writing an open letter to Hans Dichand, the editor of the yellow press medium Kronen Zeitung. At the time, the Kronen Zeitung was the largest newspaper in the country. The letter caused a scandal within the party, as no party committee had been involved in deciding the shift.

The pro-EU Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) cancelled the existing coalition, thus causing new elections. Faymann was known for his good relationship to Dichand, who would also support him in the following election campaign. Although the SPÖ lost 11 seats, and had a 6% swing against it (in fact, their worst result since World War II), they came out ahead of their main rivals Austrian People's Party in regard to seats (57 to 51) as well as to share of the vote (29.26% to 25.98%).[5][7] Afterwards, Faymann renewed the coalition with the Austrian People's Party, as he had announced before the election.

Chancellor of Austria, 2008–16

Faymann meets German Chancellor Angela Merkel, 11 December 2008

As head of the largest party in the National Council of Austria, Faymann was asked by Federal President Heinz Fischer on 8 October 2008 to form a new government.[8]

A coalition between the SPÖ and the ÖVP was agreed upon on 23 November 2008 and was sworn in on 2 December 2008.[9]

In 2012, Austria's government curbed the remit of a parliamentary investigation into high-level corruption and ensured Faymann was not called to testify.[10]

In 2013, public prosecutors were looking into whether Faymann and a top aide, Josef Ostermayer, had swayed the ÖBB state railways and ASFiNAG motorway agency to place advertisements promoting him in newspapers during his tenure as infrastructure minister. Both had repeatedly denied any wrongdoing in the breach of trust case, which the opposition Freedom Party (FPÖ) had asked prosecutors to investigate. By November 2013, Austrian authorities dropped their investigation.[11]

On 9 May 2016, Faymann resigned as Chancellor and party leader, after losing confidence from a considerable number of party members, despite retaining confidence from a majority of them. His party's candidate and the candidate from its coalition partner, the People's Party, were both eliminated in the first round of the presidential elections held on 24 April 2016, resulting in a run-off between Norbert Hofer of the right-wing populist Freedom Party of Austria and Alexander Van der Bellen, an independent endorsed by The Greens.[12]

Political positions

During his tenure, Faymann is said to have moved his once solidly pro-European party toward a more EU-sceptic course.[6] He has kept his distance from the far-right parties.[6] In domestic affairs, Faymann's administration was notable in enacting a wide range of reforms in areas such as education and social security.[13][14][15]

Initially Faymann sided with German Chancellor Angela Merkel in supporting the thousands of refugees fleeing wars in countries such as Syria and seeking asylum in Europe.[16] Austria took in around 90,000 asylum seekers in 2015, at the time more than 1 percent of its population.[17] But with support for his policies falling and the country’s institutions straining to cope with hundreds of thousands of arrivals in Austria,[18] he later criticized what he called Merkel's "wait-and-see" approach to tackling Europe's economic problems and demanded a more aggressive push to combat unemployment in Europe.[19] Measures to halt immigration inflows along the so-called “Balkan route” subsequently strained relations between the two countries.[20] The reversal angered parts of the Social Democrats but failed stop Norbert Hofer, a right-wing politician, taking more than 35 per cent of vote in the first round of the 2016 presidential election—the highest vote the party had ever secured in a national poll at the time.[21]

Life after politics

In August 2016, Faymann was named by UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon as the United Nations' Special Envoy on Youth Unemployment.[22] In this capacity, he works closely with Ahmad Alhendawi, the Secretary-General’s Envoy on Youth.[23]

Other activities

Controversy

In a media interview published amid the European migrant crisis in September 2015, Faymann said Hungary's decision to tell refugees that a train they were boarding was bound for the capital Budapest when in fact it was heading to a refugee camp was reminiscent "of the darkest chapter of our continent's history". In response to this comparison with Nazi deportations, Hungary summoned the Austrian ambassador.[24]

Personal life

Faymann is Roman Catholic.[2] He is in his second marriage and has two children.[5][25]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Shock as Austrian Chancellor Faymann quits". BBC.
  2. 1 2 "Chancellor of Austria". World Diplomacy. Retrieved 31 January 2013.
  3. ↑ "Interview in Austrian television" (video). YouTube (in German). 2012. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
  4. ↑ "AVZ-Stiftung: Wie gewonnen, so zeronnen" (news) (in German). 2012. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
  5. 1 2 3 "Curriculum Vitae of Werner Faymann". Federal Chancellery of Austria. Retrieved 11 March 2009.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Eric Frey (November 21, 2008), Werner Faymann: Public promoter of popular ideas Financial Times.
  7. ↑ "Nationalratswahlen 2008" (in German). Federal Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 11 March 2009.
  8. ↑ "Austrian President Fischer Asks Faymann to Form Government". Bloomberg L.P. 8 October 2008. Retrieved 11 March 2009.
  9. ↑ "New Austrian government takes office". International Herald Tribune. Associated Press. 2 December 2008. Retrieved 11 March 2009.
  10. ↑ Michael Shields (September 20, 2012), Austria curbs sleaze panel remit, opposition protests Reuters.
  11. ↑ Michael Shields (November 5, 2013), Prosecutors drop advertising probe into Austrian leader Reuters.
  12. ↑ "Shock as Austrian Chancellor Faymann quits". BBC News. 9 May 2016. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
  13. ↑ "News from Austria 2011: Federal Chancellery of Austria". Oesta. 3 January 2011. Retrieved 31 January 2013.
  14. ↑ "Austria". Eiro Annual Review. Retrieved 31 January 2013.
  15. ↑ "Austria". Eiro Annual Review. 2010. Retrieved 31 January 2013.
  16. ↑ Ralph Atkins and Mark Odell (May 9, 2016), Austrian chancellor Werner Faymann resigns after far-right surge Financial Times.
  17. ↑ Francois Murphy, Shadia Nasralla and Kirsti Knolle (May 9, 2016), Austrian chancellor Faymann quits after party revolt Reuters.
  18. ↑ Ralph Atkins (April 22, 2016), In a postwar first, Austria’s mainstream parties face shutout Financial Times.
  19. ↑ Michael Shields (February 8, 2015), Austrian chancellor says Merkel's economic policy too timid - Kurier Reuters.
  20. ↑ Ralph Atkins (April 22, 2016), In a postwar first, Austria’s mainstream parties face shutout Financial Times.
  21. ↑ Ralph Atkins and Mark Odell (May 9, 2016), Austrian chancellor Werner Faymann resigns after far-right surge Financial Times.
  22. ↑ Brenna Hughes Neghaiwi (August 13, 2016), Ex-Austrian Chancellor Faymann made U.N. youth unemployment envoy Reuters.
  23. ↑ Secretary-General Appoints Werner Faymann of Austria As Special Envoy on Youth Employment United Nations, press release of August 12, 2016.
  24. ↑ Thomas Escritt (September 12, 2015), Hungary summons Austrian ambassador over Faymann's remarks Reuters.
  25. ↑ "Werner Faymann" (in German). Social Democratic Party of Austria. Retrieved 11 March 2009.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Werner Faymann.
Party political offices
Preceded by
Alfred Gusenbauer		 Leader of the Social Democratic Party
2008–2016 		Succeeded by
Michael Häupl
Acting
Political offices
Preceded by
Alfred Gusenbauer		 Chancellor of Austria
2008–2016 		Succeeded by
Reinhold Mitterlehner
Acting
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