Ribes cereum

Wax currant
Ribes cereum var. cereum, from the Spring Mountains, southern Nevada
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Core eudicots
Order: Saxifragales
Family: Grossulariaceae
Genus: Ribes
Species: R. cereum
Binomial name
Ribes cereum
Douglas [1]
Varieties

Ribes cereum var. colubrinum C.L.Hitchc. [2]
Ribes cereum var. farinosum Jancz. [3]
Ribes cereum var. pedicellare A.Gray [4]
Ribes cereum var. viridescens Jancz. [5]

Ribes cereum is a species of currant known by the common names wax currant[6] and squaw currant (R. c. var. pedicellare is known as whisky currant). It is native to western North America, including British Columbia, Alberta, and much of the western United States, from Washington, Oregon, and California east as far as the western Dakotas and the Oklahoma Panhandle.[7]

Ribes cereum plant at 12,500 ft (3,800 m)
Wax currant berries, with dried flower remnant

Ribes cereum grows in several types of habitat, including mountain forests in alpine climates, sagebrush, and woodlands. It can grow in many types of soils, including sandy soils and soil made of clay substrates, serpentine soils, and lava beds.[8] This is a spreading or erect shrub growing 20 centimeters (8 inches) to 2 meters (80 inches) tall. It is aromatic, with a "spicy" scent.[9] The stems are fuzzy and often very glandular, and lack spines and prickles. The leaves are somewhat rounded and divided into shallow lobes which are toothed along the edges. The leaves are hairless to quite hairy, and usually studded with visible resin glands, particularly around the edges. The inflorescence is a clustered raceme of 2 to 9 flowers. The small flower is tubular with the white to pink sepals curling open at the tips to form a corolla-like structure. Inside there are minute white or pinkish petals, five stamens, and a two protruding green styles. The fruit is a rather tasteless red berry up to a centimeter (0.4 inch) wide, with a characteristically long, dried flower remnant at the end.[9]

Uses

The Zuni people use the berries of the pedicellare variety as food, and eat the leaves with uncooked mutton fat or deer fat.[10]

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References

  1. ↑ This species was first described and published in Trans. Hort. Soc. vii. (1830) 512. "Plant Name Details for Ribes cereum". IPNI. Retrieved July 20, 2010.
  2. ↑  Vascular Plants of the Pacific Northwest 3: 69. 1961. "Plant Name Details for Ribes cereum var. colubrinum". IPNI. Retrieved July 20, 2010.
  3. ↑  Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 35: 338. 1907. "Plant Name Details for Ribes cereum var. farinosum". IPNI. Retrieved July 20, 2010.
  4. ↑  Bot. California [W.H.Brewer] 1: 207. 1876. "Plant Name Details for Ribes cereum var. pedicellare". IPNI. Retrieved July 20, 2010.
  5. ↑  Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 35: 338. 1907. "Plant Name Details for Ribes cereum var. viridescens". IPNI. Retrieved July 20, 2010.
  6. ↑ "Ribes cereum". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 22 October 2015.
  7. ↑ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
  8. ↑ US Forest Service Fire Ecology
  9. 1 2 Flora of North America, Ribes cereum
  10. ↑ Stevenson, Matilda Coxe 1915 Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians. SI-BAE Annual Report #30 (p. 70)


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