Volvo D5 engine

The Volvo D5[1] is a type of turbocharged diesel engine developed by Volvo Car Corporation for use in its passenger cars.

It is an all aluminium five-cylinder engine with 20 valves and double overhead camshafts. In all but one late version it has a VGT turbocharger of the type VNT (Variable Nozzle Turbine), common rail direct injection and cooled exhaust gas recirculation.

D5 emblem on a 2008 Volvo C30

There are three generations of D5 engines. The first generation was introduced in 2001; the second generation was introduced in 2005 and the third was introduced in 2009. The second generation got a slight reduction in stroke and has a reduced compression ratio, a water-cooled VNT turbocharger with a bigger compressor and an electric servo motor to adjust the vanes, an improved EGR system, a throttle valve, revised intake and exhaust ports and a newer generation of common-rail direct injection with improved injectors.[2] The third generation got a further reduction in compression ratio, a two-stage turbo system (D5244T10), an improved EGR system, revised intake and exhaust ports and a newer generation of common-rail direct injection with higher pressure and piezoelectric injectors.

Volvo has a special version of the D5 for use in the C30, S40, V50 and C70 models that produces 180 hp and 400 Nm of torque (reduced to 350 Nm with automatic transmission). The engine compartments of these cars are smaller so among other things the engine has a different air intake system, different exhaust system, smaller charge air cooler and a smaller radiator.
The D5244T is also offered as a marine engine by Volvo Penta under the name D3. The marinised engine is in large parts identical to D5244T. This includes crankshaft, pistons, camshafts, valves, cylinder block, cylinder head, turbo, injectors and the high pressure pump. The D3 ECU has a modified software, which e.g. gives a modified torque suited for marine applications and has a simplified starting sequence. The hardware differences between D5244T and D3 are: a water-cooled inter-cooler, a water-cooled exhaust manifold, a heavier monolithic crankwheel, a seawater-pump and a heat exchanger. The output is 110 hp (82 kW) at 3,000 rpm, 130 hp, 160 hp, 190 hp, 220 hp (160 kW) at 4,000 rpm and it is coupled to a duoprop I/O system.

D5244T D5244T2 D5244T4 D5244T5 D5244T7 D5244T8 D5244T13 D5244T18 D5244T10 D5244T11 D5244T14 D5244T15 D5244T16/T17
Max power 163 PS (120 kW)
/4,000 rpm
130 PS (96 kW)
/4,000 rpm
185 PS (136 kW)
/4,000 rpm
163 PS (120 kW)
/4,000 rpm
126 PS (93 kW)
/4,000 rpm
180 PS (130 kW)
/4,000 rpm
180 PS (130 kW)
/4,000 rpm
200 PS (150 kW)
/3,900 rpm
205 PS (151 kW)[3]
/4,000 rpm
215 PS (158 kW)
/4,000 rpm
175 PS (129 kW)
/3,000-4,000 rpm
215 PS (158 kW)
/4,000 rpm
163 PS (120 kW)
/4,000 rpm
Max torque 340 N·m (251 lb·ft)
/1,750-2,750 rpm
280 N·m (207 lb·ft)
/1,750-3,000 rpm
400 N·m (295 lb·ft)
/2,000-2,750 rpm
340 N·m (251 lb·ft)
/1,750-2,250 rpm
300 N·m (221 lb·ft)
/1,750-2,750 rpm
350 N·m (258 lb·ft)
/1,750-3,250 rpm
400 N·m (295 lb·ft)
/2,000-2,750 rpm
420 N·m (310 lb·ft)
/1,900-2,800 rpm
420 N·m (310 lb·ft)
/1,500-3,250 rpm
420 N·m (310 lb·ft)
/1,500-3,250 rpm
420 N·m (310 lb·ft)
/1,500-2,750 rpm
440 N·m (325 lb·ft)
/1,500-3,000 rpm
420 N·m (310 lb·ft)
/1,500-2,500 rpm
Max engine speed 4,600 rpm 4,600 rpm 5,000 rpm 5,000 rpm 5,000 rpm 5,000 rpm 5,000 rpm 5,000 rpm 5,200 rpm 5,200 rpm 5,000 rpm 5,200 rpm 5,000 rpm
Bore 81 mm (3.19 inches)
Stroke 93.2 mm (3.67 inches) 93.15 mm (3.667 inches)
Cylinder capacity 2401 cc 2400 cc
Compression ratio 18:1 17.3:1 16.5:1
Charging system VNT Two-stage turbo VNT Two-stage turbo
Common rail Second generation (1600 bar) Third generation (1800 bar)
D5204T2 D5204T5 D5204T7 D5204T
Max power 163 PS (120 kW)
/2,900 rpm
150 PS (110 kW)
/3,500 rpm
136 PS (100 kW)
/3,500 rpm
177 PS (130 kW)
/3,500 rpm
Max torque 400 N·m (295 lb·ft)
/1,400-2,850 rpm
350 N·m (258 lb·ft)
/1,500-2,750 rpm
350 N·m (258 lb·ft)
/1,500-2,250 rpm
400 N·m (295 lb·ft)
/1,750-2,750 rpm
Max engine speed 4,400 rpm 5,000 rpm ? rpm 5,000 rpm
Bore 81 mm (3.19 inches)
Stroke 77 mm (3.03 inches)
Cylinder capacity 1984 cc
Compression ratio 16.5:1
Charging system VNT
Common rail Third generation (1800 bar)

Note: 'D5' is branding. All these engines share the five-cylinder block, although not all consistently used the 'D5' badge over time. This is due to changes in hardware and the specific model the engine was deployed in. E.g. On the S60 -05 range, the D5244T was labelled 'D5', and subsequently the D5244T5 was labelled '2.4D' as a (software) detuned version of the D5244T4 'D5' on the 05-09 range.

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External links

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