Varadharaja Perumal Temple, Puducherry
| Varadaraja Perumal Temple | |
|---|---|
  Varadaraja Perumal Temple Location in Tamil Nadu | |
| Name | |
| Other names | Puducherry temple |
| Geography | |
| Coordinates | 11°56′27″N 79°49′48″E / 11.94083°N 79.83000°ECoordinates: 11°56′27″N 79°49′48″E / 11.94083°N 79.83000°E |
| Country | India |
| State | Puducherry |
| District | Puducherry |
| Location | Puducherry |
| Culture | |
| Primary deity | Varadaraja Perumal(Vishnu) |
| Consort | Perundevi(Lakshmi) |
| Architecture | |
| Architectural styles | Dravidian architecture |
Varadaraja Perumal temple (also called Thirubuvanai Temple) in the South Indian union territory of Puducherry, is dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu. It is located heritage town region of the city. Constructed in the Dravidian style of architecture, the temple is a storehouse of Chola architecture.
A granite wall surrounds the temple, enclosing all its shrines. The temple has a five tiered rajagopuram, the temple's gateway tower. The temple is originally believed to have been built by the Cholas during the 11th century, with later expansion from the Pandyas.
The temple follows Vaikasana Agama tradition of worship. Four daily rituals and three yearly festivals are held at the temple, of which the ten-day annual Brahmostavam during the Tamil month of Chittirai (April - May) and five-day Pavitrotsavam during Avani (August - September) and 25-day Ramar festival during chittirai being the most prominent. The temple is maintained and administered by the Archaeological Survey of India as a protected monument.
History
The temple is originally believed to be built by the Cholas and subsequently by the Pandyas from the 12th century. There are inscriptions in the temple from the period of Rajaraja Chola (1014-37 CE) indicating recital of Tiruvaimozhi, the famous works of the Azhwar saint Nammazhwar. The inscription is dated 1048, the 30th regnal year of Rajaraja. The mention of teaching Rig Veda, Yajur Veda, Chandogasama, Talavakrasama, Apurva, Vajnasaneya, Bodhayaniya Sathashatandha Sutra and explantions of Sastras and epics like Ramayana are also found in the temple.[1] The regions changed hands from British to French colonial Empire during the 17th century. Most temples in the place were destroyed during the French invasion, but the temple was spared.[2][3] The temple housed the images of the Vedapureeswarar Temple during the destruction by the French troops during 1748. The temple was also guarded by the invading Muslim troops. The images of Rama, Sita, Hanuman, Navaneethakrishnan, Santhanakrishnan and Venugopalan were dug out from Vaithikupam in 1902 and subsequently housed in the temple. It is believed that that Vasantha Mandapam was built by a Muslim.[2]
Architecture
The five tiered rajagopuram, the temple's gateway tower, is 110 ft (34 m) tall. The sanctum houses the image of Varadaraja Perumal in standing posture 5 ft (1.5 m) is made of granite sporting four arms. Two of his arms hold the conch and Chakra, while the other two sport Abayamudra and Kadahasta. The images of Sridevi and Bhudevi are located on either of his side. The festive image is called Srinivasan and the image has identical features as that of the presiding deity. The Ardha mandapa is guarded by two Dwarapalas on either sides. There is a separate shrine of Perundevi in the second precinct, which also houses the festival image. There is a mirror hall in the temple adjacent to the sanctum. There are paintings done in modern days around the walls of the precinct showing the 108 Divya Desams. There are separate shrines for Vaishana Gurus like Nikamanda Mahadesikan and Manavalamamunigal. The The temple has 83 springs in the temple tanks and 12 bodies of water. The water in the temple tank is considered to be medicinal and devotees take a dip to cure themselves from common ailments.[2]
Festival
The temple does not differentiate between Thenkalai and Vadakalai sects of Vaishnavite tradition and follows Pancharathra aagama. In modern times, the temple priests perform the pooja (rituals) during festivals and on a daily basis. The temple rituals are performed four times a day: Kalasanthi at 8:00 a.m., Uchikalam at 12:00 p.m., Sayarakshai at 5:00 p.m., and Sayarakshai at 8:00 p.m. Each ritual has three steps: alangaram (decoration), neivethanam (food offering) and deepa aradanai (waving of lamps) for both Varadaraja Perumal and Perundevi. There are weekly, monthly and fortnightly rituals performed in the temple. The major festivals in the temple are the ten day annual Brahmostavam during the Tamil month of Chittirai (April - May) and five day Pavitrotsavam during Avani (August - September) and 25 day Ramar festival during chittirai.[2] During the Ramanavami festival, the festive images of Rama, Sita, Lakshmana and Hanuman are taken around the streets of the temple in the temple chariot drawn by thousands of devotees.[4]
Annaprasanam, a practise of making the infants write their first alphabet in a plate of rice is a ritual practised in the temple by devotees. The temple is maintained and administered by the Archaeological Survey of India as a protected monument.[5][6]
References
- ↑ Ayyar, P. V. Jagadisa (1982). South Indian Shrines: Illustrated. Asian Educational Services. p. 182. ISBN 9788120601512.
- 1 2 3 4 "Sri Varadaraja Perumal temple". Dinamalar. 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
- ↑ Pal, Susant (2014). Imbibed In Faith. Partridge Publishing. p. 284. ISBN 9781482812596.
- ↑ Varadpande, Manohar Laxman (2009). Mythology of Vishnu and His Incarnations. Gyan Publishing House. p. 111. ISBN 9788121210164.
- ↑ "List of Monuments and Sites:Puducherry Sub-circle". Archaeological Survey of India. 2011. Retrieved 19 November 2015.
- ↑ "Human chain planned in Pondy". Pondicherry: The Hindu. 18 November 2002. Retrieved 17 November 2015.