Type 094 submarine

Profile of the Type 094
Type 094 submarine
Class overview
Name: Type 094 (Jin class)
Builders: Bohai Shipyard, Huludao, China
Operators:  People's Liberation Army Navy
Preceded by: Type 092 (Xia class)
Succeeded by: Type 096 (Tang class)
In commission: 2007–present[1]
Planned: 8 (projected)[2]
Active: 4[3]
General characteristics
Type: Ballistic missile submarine
Tonnage: 11,000 tons submerged.[4]
Length: 135 m (442 ft 11 in)[5]
Beam: 12.5 m (41 ft 0 in)
Propulsion: Nuclear reactor, 1 shaft
Range: Unlimited
Armament: Missiles: 12 JL-2 SLBM

The Type 094 (Chinese: 094型核潜艇; Chinese designation: 09-IV; NATO reporting name: Jin class) is a class of ballistic missile submarine developed by China for the People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force. The Type 094 succeeds the Type 092 submarine.

Background

The Type 094 was first spotted in 2006 on commercial satellite imagery of the Xiaopingdao Submarine Base. It was noted as being longer than the Type 092.[5] Two Type 094s were spotted at the Bohai Shipyard in May 2007, although it was not clear if these included the one spotted in 2006.[6]

One was operational in 2010,[1] three in 2013,[7] and four in 2015.[3] As many as eight may enter service by 2020.[2]

The PRC is interested in augmenting its ICBM forces with SSBNs to enhance its comprehensive nuclear deterrent force.[8] Nuclear deterrent patrols commenced in December 2015.[9]

Description

JL-1 and JL-2 missiles

The Type 094 is armed with 12 JL-2 SLBMs, each with an estimated range of 7,400 km (4,600 mi).[7][10] According to Global Security, the missile reportedly can carry 3 to 4 (MIRV) nuclear warheads.[11] The Type 094 and JL-2 will give China "its first credible sea-based nuclear strike capability."[12]

globalsecurity.org notes that a Type 094 patrolling just northeast of the Kuril Islands would be able to strike three-quarters of the continental United States;[13] launching from Chinese coastal waters would barely reach the Aleutian Islands.[14] Thomas-noone and Medcalf note that the Type 094s noisiness would make it difficult for it to reach and maintain patrol areas where it could strike at the continental United States; no such limitations would exist against Indian targets.[15]

Noise

In 2009, USN ONI listed the Type 094 as being slightly noisier than Project 667BDR (NATO reporting name Delta III) from the late-1970s,[16] some of which were in service through 2015 with the Russian navy.[17]

Type 094A

The Type 094A is a variant with a modified sail; the sail appears to incorporate features from one installed on a modified Type 093 (dubbed Type 093B by observers.)[18]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 United States Department of Defense. Annual Report To Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving the People’s Republic of China 2010 (PDF) (Report). pp. 3 (pp12 of PDF). Retrieved 21 April 2015.
  2. 1 2 Fisher, Richard D, Jr. (19 April 2015). "US upgrades assessment of China's Type 094 SSBN fleet". IHS Jane's 360. Retrieved 5 October 2015.
  3. 1 2 United States Office of Naval Intelligence. The PLA Navy: New Capabilities and Missions for the 21st Century (PDF) (Report). p. 20. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
  4. ↑ http://news.usni.org/2014/06/09/chinese-weapons-worry-pentagon
  5. 1 2 Kristensen, Hans M. (5 July 2007). "New Chinese Ballistic Missile Submarine Spotted". fas.org. Federation of American Scientists. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
  6. ↑ Kristensen, Hans M. (4 October 2007). "Two More Chinese SSBNs Spotted". fas.org. Federation of American Scientists. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
  7. 1 2 United States Department of Defense (May 2013). Annual Report To Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving the People’s Republic of China 2013 (PDF) (Report). pp. 6 (pp14 of PDF). Retrieved 24 January 2015.
  8. ↑ "Does China have an effective sea-based nuclear deterrent?". ChinaPowerCSIS.
  9. ↑ Fisher, Richard D., Jr. (16 December 2015). "China advances sea- and land-based nuclear deterrent capabilities". Jane's Defence Weekly. Surrey, UK: Jane's Information Group. 53 (6). ISSN 0265-3818.
  10. ↑ National Air and Space Intelligence Center (2013). Ballistic & Cruise Missile Threat (PDF) (Report). p. 25. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
  11. ↑ http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/jl-2.htm
  12. ↑ "Military Power of the People's Republic of China 2009" (PDF). Office of the Secretary of Defense: 48 (pp60 of PDF).
  13. ↑ Pike, John, ed. (20 January 2015). "Type 094 Jin-class Ballistic Missile Submarine". globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 5 October 2015.
  14. ↑ Pike, John, ed. (20 March 2014). "JL-2 (CSS-NX-14)". globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 5 October 2015.
  15. ↑ Thomas-noone, Brendan; Medcalf, Rory (September 2015). Nuclear-armed submarines in Indo-Pacific Asia: Stabiliser or menace? (PDF) (Report). Lowy Institute for International Policy. p. 6 (pp8 of PDF). Retrieved 5 October 2015.
  16. ↑ Office of Naval Intelligence (August 2009). The People's Liberation Army Navy, A Modern Navy with Chinese Characteristics (PDF) (Report). p. 22 (pp25 of PDF). Retrieved 24 January 2015.
  17. ↑ Novichkov, Nikolai (13 August 2015). "Russia's new maritime doctrine". IHS Jane's 360. Retrieved 5 October 2015.
  18. ↑ Fisher, Richard D, Jr. (15 July 2016). "Images show possible new variant of China's Type 094 SSBN". IHS Jane's 360. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
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