Blackneck garter snake

Blackneck garter snake
Eastern blackneck garter snake (Thamnophis cyrtopsis ocellatus)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Colubridae
Subfamily: Natricinae
Genus: Thamnophis
Species: T. cyrtopsis
Binomial name
Thamnophis cyrtopsis
(Kennicott, 1860)
Common names: blackneck garter snake, black-neck garter snake

Thamnophis cyrtopsis, the blackneck garter snake, is a species of garter snake of the genus Thamnophis.[2] It is native to the southwestern United States, Mexico and Guatemala, and can be found in a wide range of different habitats,[1] often near water sources.[3]

Description

There are five recognized subspecies of the blackneck garter snake, two of which, Thamnophis cyrtopsis cyrtopsis and Thamnophis cyrtopsis ocellatus, are described below.

Western blackneck garter snake

Thamnophis cyrtopsis cyrtopsis (Kennicott, 1860)

The western blackneck garter snake may attain 107 cm (42 inches) in total length. The snake is colored dark olive with an orange-yellow stripe that is displayed on the middle of the body from the top while the underside is usually a cream or light shade of gray.[4] The western blackneck is a water snake that lives near rivers, swims, and eats small fish and tadpoles.

Eastern blackneck garter snake

Thamnophis cyrtopsis ocellatus (Cope, 1880)

The eastern blackneck garter snake is smaller than the western blackneck garter snake, with an average total length of less than 51 cm (20 inches). It is frequently found on dry land near a water source rather than in water. It displays three light stripes on a dark-colored body with uniform orange and orange-yellow spreading throughout.[5]

Geographic range

The Blackneck garter snake can be found in southeastern and central Arizona, parts of the southwestern United States, Mexico and Guatemala.[1][6]

Habitat

Found near water in desertscrub, grasslands, chaparral, woodland environments.[6]

Behavior

It is active during the day and during twilight activities, and occasionally at night, hibernating from late fall to winter and mating in late spring or summer.[6]

Feeding

Hunts in rivers for small fish, amnphibians, other snakes, and invertebrates, such as earthworms.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Hammerson, G.A. (2013). "Thamnophis cyrtopsis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
  2. ↑ "Blackneck Garter Snake". Colorado State University. Retrieved 2009-06-09.
  3. ↑ "Black-necked Garter Snake". Nearartica.com. Retrieved 2009-06-06.
  4. ↑ http://www.snakeestate.com/garter-snakes/western-blackneck-garter-snake.html
  5. ↑ http://www.snakeestate.com/garter-snakes/eastern-blackneck-garter-snake.html
  6. 1 2 3 "BLACK-NECKED GARTERSNAKE Thamnophis cyrtopsis". Thomas C. Brennan. Retrieved 2011-08-05.
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