Thai National Anthem
 Lyrics of the Thai national anthem, published in the Royal Thai Government Gazette on December 10, 1939. | |
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National anthem of | |
| Lyrics | Luang Saranupraphan, 1939 |
|---|---|
| Music | Phra Chenduriyang, 1932 |
| Adopted | 1939 (with current lyrics) |
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| Music sample | |
| Thai National Anthem  | |
The national anthem of Thailand was adopted on 10 December 1939. The melody was composed by German composer Phra Chenduriyang (Peter Veit) and the words are by Luang Saranupraphan. Phleng Chat (Thai: เพลงชาติ), literally meaning "national anthem", is a general word for national anthem. Phleng Chat Thai (Thai: เพลงชาติไทย), Thailand's national anthem, is also used to refer to this specific song.
The anthem was composed a few days after the 1932 coup in the tune vaguely similar to the national anthem of Poland, Poland Is Not Yet Lost, and was first broadcast in July 1932. The original lyrics were by Khun Wichitmatra.
Before 1932, Sansoen Phra Barami (the Royal Anthem) was used as the national anthem of Siam.
In 1934, Thai government launched competitions for the official national anthem, for both melody and lyrics. Jangwang Tua Patayakosol composed a tune in a traditional style called "Phleng Maha Nimit", but Phra Jenduriyang's melody was selected because it sounded more modern. After that, in the competition for the lyrics with Phra Jenduriyang's music, the original words by Khun Wichitmatra took first prize. They were in use until 1939, with a minor edit and an additional version written by second prize winner Chan Khamvilai (ฉันท์ ขำวิไล) adopted in 1934.[1][2][3]
In 1939, when the name of the country was changed from Siam to Thailand, a competition was launched to create new lyrics, with those by Luang Saranupraphan winning. Prime minister Phibunsongkhram ordered the anthem to be played every day at 08:00 and 18:00, and ordered the populace to stand up to show respect for the nation. Nowadays, the morning and evening anthems correspond to the hoisting and lowering of the national flags in public areas (e.g. schools, workplaces, public buildings), respectively; hence, the anthem is broadcast by both radio and television channels twice per day.
Lyrics
Thai lyrics and transcription
| Thai lyrics | Thai transcription (RTGS) | Phonetic transcription (IPA) |
|---|---|---|
| ประเทศไทยรวมเลือดเนื้อชาติเชื้อไทย | Prathet thai ruam lueat nuea chat chuea thai, | [pràtʰêːt tʰaj ruːə̯m lɯ̂ːə̯t nɯ́ːə̯ ʨʰâːt ʨʰɯ́ːə̯ tʰaj] |
| เป็นประชารัฐ ไผทของไทยทุกส่วน | Pen pracha rat, phathai khong thai thuk suan, | [pen prà.ʨʰaː rát | pʰà.tʰaj kʰɔ̌ŋ tʰaj tʰúk sùːə̯n] |
| อยู่ดำรงคงไว้ได้ทั้งมวล | Yu damrong khong wai dai thang muan, | [jùː dam.roŋ kʰɔ̌ŋ wáj dâːj tʰáŋ muːə̯n] |
| ด้วยไทยล้วนหมาย รักสามัคคี | duai thai luan mai, rak samakkhi, | [dûːə̯j tʰaj lúːə̯n mǎːj | rák sǎ.mák.kʰiː] |
| ไทยนี้รักสงบ แต่ถึงรบไม่ขลาด | thai ni rak sangop, tae thueng rop mai khlat, | [tʰaj níː rák sà.ŋòp | tɛ̀ː tʰɯ̌ŋ róp mâj kʰlàːt] |
| เอกราชจะไม่ให้ใครข่มขี่ | Ekkarat cha mai hai khrai khom khi, | [ʔèːk.kà.râːt ʨàʔ mâj hâj kʰraj kʰòm kʰîː] |
| สละเลือดทุกหยาดเป็นชาติพลี | Sala lueat thuk yat pen chat phali, | [sà.làʔ lɯ̂ːə̯t tʰúk jàːt pen ʨʰâːt pʰá.liː] |
| เถลิงประเทศชาติไทยทวี มีชัย ชโย | Thaloeng prathet chat thai thawi, mi chai, chayo! | [tʰà.lɤːŋ prà.tʰêːt ʨʰâːt tʰaj tʰá.wiː | miː ʨʰaj | ʨʰá.joː] |
English translations
| First English translation | Second English translation | Third English translation | Fourth English translation (Syllabus matched to notes) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thailand unites flesh and blood of Thais, | Thailand unites its people with flesh and blood, | Thailand embraces in its bosom all people of Thai blood, | Thailand embraces in its bosom all Thais, |
| Nation of the people; belonging to the Thais in every respect. | Land of Thailand belongs to the Thais. | Every inch of Thailand belongs to the Thais. | Every inch of it belongs to Thais alone. |
| Long maintained [has been] the independence, | Long maintained its sovereignty, | It has long maintained its sovereignty, | Our freedom has long being endured, |
| Because the Thais seek, and love, unity. | All Thais intend to unite together. | Because the Thais have always been united. | For Thais love peace, and seek unity. |
| Thais are peace-loving, But at war we're no cowards. | Thais are peace-loving, but fight with courage | The Thai people are peace-loving, But they are no cowards at war. | We love peace you know, but to war we'll go |
| Sovereignty will not be threatened. | They shall allow no one to rob them of freedom. | Nor shall they suffer tyranny. | No tyrant can take our freedoms away, |
| They will sacrifice every drop of their blood to contribute to the nation, | Sacrificing every drop of blood for the nation, | All Thais are ready to give up every drop of blood, | Every Thai is ready to give up their all, |
| Hail the nation of Thailand, long last the victory, Hurrah. |
They will serve their country with pride and prestige, full of victory. Chai Yo (Cheers). |
For the nation's safety, freedom and progress. | Long last the Thai nation and victory, hooray! |
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See also
- Sansoen Phra Barami (Thai national anthem before 1932, still used as the royal anthem)
References
- ↑ ความเป็นมาของเพลงชาติไทยปัจจุบัน by Somsak Jiamthirasakul (TU Journal, Vol. 27, No. 1, December 2004) (Thai)
- ↑ History of Thai National anthem from Banfun.com (Thai)
- ↑ History of Thai National anthem from Rakbankerd.com (Thai)
External links
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Wikisource has original text related to this article: |
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Thai Wikisource has original text related to this article: |
- Recordings of the National and Royal Anthem of Thailand and others honor musics from Thai Government Public Relations Department
- Thailand: Phleng Chat Thai - Audio of the national anthem of Thailand, with information and lyrics
- เพลงชาติไทย (Thai National Anthem)
- Thailand National Anthem (MCOT 2009 - 2011) on YouTube (Thai)
- English lyrics to the Thai National Anthem
- A website dedicated to information on Thai National Anthem (Thai Language)