Tehrik-e-Jafaria

Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan (TJP)
تحریکِ جعفریہ
Patron-in-chief Syed Sajid Ali Naqvi
Founder Syed Arif Hussain Al-Hussaini
Founded 1979
Political wing Shia Ulema Council
Religion Shia Islam
Colors Black, Red
        
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Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan (T.J.P.) (Urdu: تحریکِ جعفریہ‎), that originated after splitting from Tehrik-e-Nifaz-e-Fiqh-e-Jafaria (Urdu: تحریکِ نفاذِ فقہ جعفریہ‎) which is being led by Agha Syed Hamid Ali Shah Moosavi. After being declared as proscribed by the Government of Pakistan on 14 January 2002, TJP started operating under the new name of Tehrik-e-Islami (Urdu: تحریک اسلامی‎) and Islami Tehrik (Urdu: اسلامی تحریک‎), is a Shia Muslim sectarian religious organization in Pakistan. It was originally formed in 1979 under the name Tehrik-e-Nifaz-e-Fiqh-e-Jafaria to resist anti-Shia laws (introduced by General Zia ul Haq during his Martial Law) by the late Mufti Jafar Hussain, the late Lieutenant Colonel Syed Fida Hussain Naqvi and others, and they effectively campaigned against Zia-ul-Haq by besieging the President's Secretariat, Islamabad for several days. They managed to get their demands met by the dictator. چار اور پانچ جولائی 1980 کو ہزاروں شیعہ مظاہرین نے زکوۃ و عشر آرڈیننس میں ترمیم کے لئے اسلام آباد سیکرٹیریٹ کے سامنے پرامن دھرنا دیا۔ کارِ سرکار مفلوج ہوگیا۔ حکومت نے زکوۃ کی کٹوتی نہ کرنے کا مطالبہ تسلیم کرلیا۔اسلام آباد اس طرح سے پہلے کبھی نہیں جھکا تھا۔ [1]

History

After the demise of Mufti Jafar Hussain Tehrik-e-Nifaz-e-Fiqh-e-Jafaria split into two groups named TNFJ-Agha Syed Hamid Ali Shah Moosavi group and TNFJ-Arif Hussaini group respectively due to ideological differences between the two leaders. Arif Hussain Hussaini, a student of Ruhollah Khomeini who led the Iranian Revolution, was the group's leader.[2]

Its creation coincided with the Shia revolution in Iran and enforcement of controversial Islamic laws by the military ruler of Pakistan, General Zia-ul-Haq. The revolution in predominantly Shia Iran around the same time gave an added boost to the organisation. Its leader, Arif Hussain Hussaini was a student of the leader of Iran's Islamic Revolution, Ruhollah Khomeini.[2]
— BBC News

Later in 1988, Arif Hussain Hussaini changed the name of his group from T.N.F.J-Arif Hussaini group to Tehrik-e-Jafaria (T.J.P) while Agha Syed Hamid Ali Shah Moosavi group retained the name of TNFJ and has been operating under the same name till date. The T.J.P. founder, Arif Hussain Hussaini was assassinated in 1988 by unknown attackers. However, the defunct sectarian group Sipah-e-Sahaba was accused.

Arif Hussain Hussaini, the patron-in-chief of the T.J.P., was shot dead in Peshawar near his mosque/seminary which he was going to lead the morning prayer on August 5, 1988. Since then, T.J.P. has been led by Hussaini's one of the foremost companions Syed Sajid Ali Naqvi.[3]

Following the death of Zia-ul-Haq, support for the T.J.P. fell, as Pakistani Shias went back to pre-Zia-ul-Haq political loyalties, with many no longer feeling under threat. Furthermore, the elections of moderate Benazir Bhutto also gave increased confidence to Shia Muslims and they were no longer under threat and the discrimination ended even though it still exist against the Pakistani Shias. Jafaria Students Organization Pakistan is Student wing of TJP, was Founded in 1997.

Ideology

According to T.J.P., Islam is and was the basic ideology of Pakistan; by deviating this ideology a conspiracy was made to make Pakistan a sectarian state in the period of General Zia-ul-Haq, a dictator. At this stage, the formation of Tehrik-e-Nafaz-e-Fiqh-e-Jafaria was deemed necessary for the failure of this conspiracy.

The main objective of this organisation was to protect the rights of Shia Muslims of Pakistan and give them a voice in the Parliament of Pakistan, they do not advocate a Shia Islamic state and have cordial relations with Sunni organization including Sunni Ittehad Council that is why they joined coalition of religious political parties i.e. Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal that won 53 out of 272 elected members in legislative elections held on October 20, 2002.

Sanctions

On January 12, 2002, the T.J.P. was banned along with three other terrorist organizations, banned by the government of Pakistan.[4]

The T.J.P. was banned twice by Pervez Musharraf's government and in January 2002, its leaders were arrested. The T.J.P. was banned again on November 5, 2011, while Pakistan's Shias experienced increasing attacks since 2005 by the Pakistani Taliban, Sipah-e-Sahaba, Lashkar-e-Jhangvi, Jundullah and Jaish-e-Mohammed,[5]

Although T.J.P. has been designated as a "terrorist organisation", Qazi Hussain Ahmad, a senior member of Pakistani Parliament and the leader of Jamaat-e-Islami, Pakistan's oldest Islamist party, says the banned groups have no ties with the militants. He notes that one organization is part of the Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal, the major opposition alliance of religious parties, which also includes Mr. Ahmad's group.

As far as T.J.P. is concerned, it is a part of Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal, and it is a political organization, it is not a militant organization. [Qazi Hussain Ahmad]

Coalition

It was a part of the Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal coalition of Islamist political parties that won 11.3% of the popular vote and 53 out of 272 seats in the legislative elections held on October 20, 2002. In May 2008, it was reported that Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan's emir Qazi Hussain Ahmad was considered heading the six-party Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal. Qazi Hussain Ahmad said that he would consider rejoining the M.M.A after consulting with the executive council of his party and some other seniors. Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F)'s chief Fazl-ur-Rahman had tasked Sajid Naqvi of T.J.P. with contacting Qazi Hussain Ahmad and bringing him round to rejoining the alliance.

Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan (T.J.P), also known as Tehrik-e-Islami, should not be confused with a short-lived outfit named Tehrik-e-Islami that was one of three groups of Pakistani Taliban operating during 2008 in Darra Adam Khel, a semi-tribal area known officially as the Frontier Region of Kohat. The Tehrik-e-Islami and the Pakistan Taliban became active in the area in mid-2007. The former Tehrik-e-Islami was founded by a local Afridi tribesman named Muneer Khan, while the Islamic Taliban was founded by Momin Afridi. The groups later merged and became part of the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan. Both leaders were killed in a military operation in the area in 2008.[6]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "جائیں کہاں اب اور یہاں تک تو آ گئے" (in Urdu). BBC News. 30 March 2016. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
  2. 1 2 "Pakistan's militant Islamic groups". BBC News. January 13, 2002. Retrieved 2010-09-09.
  3. ↑ Qazi mulls rejoining MMA Daily Times, March 3, 2008
  4. ↑ "Pakistan: International Religious Freedom Report 2002". Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. United States Department of State. January 13, 2002. Retrieved 2010-09-09.
  5. ↑ http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2009/04/suicide_bomber_kills_9.php
  6. ↑ http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/pakistan/tjp.htm
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