Taurine cattle

Taurine cattle
A Galician Blond cow in Spain
Domesticated
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Synapsida
Class: Mammalia
Order: Artiodactyla
Family: Bovidae
Subfamily: Bovinae
Genus: Bos
Species: B. taurus
Subspecies: B. t. taurus
Trinomial name
Bos taurus taurus
Synonyms

Bos taurus, Bos taurus taurus

Taurine cattle (Bos taurus taurus), also called European cattle, are a subspecies of domesticated cattle originating in the Near East. Both taurine cattle and indicine cattle (zebus) are descended from the aurochs. Taurine cattle were originally considered a distinct species, but are now typically grouped with zebus and aurochs into one species, Bos taurus.[1][2][3] Most modern breeds of cattle are taurine cattle.

Genetic research suggests the entire modern stock of taurine cattle may have arisen from as few as 80 aurochs tamed in the upper reaches of Mesopotamia about 10,500 years ago near the villages of Çayönü in southeastern Turkey and Dja'de el Mughara in northern Iraq.[4]

The genome sequence of the Hereford breed of taurine cattle was published by the Bovine Genome Sequencing and Analysis Consortium in 2009.[5]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M., eds. (2005). "Bos taurus". Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  2. ↑ Managing Global Genetic Resources: Livestock. National Academy Press. 1993. p. 143. ISBN 978-0-309-10378-7. They were originally named as separate species, Bos taurus and Bos indicus, but they are interfertile and now generally regarded as a single species.
  3. ↑ "ICZN, Biodiversity Studies BZN Volume 63, Part 3, General Articles & Nomenclatural Notes". 30 September 2006.
  4. ↑ Bollongino, Ruth, at al. Molecular Biology and Evolution. "Modern Taurine Cattle descended from small number of Near-Eastern founders". 7 March 2012. Accessed 8 May 2015.
  5. ↑ Elsik, C.G. et al, (Bovine Genome Sequencing and Analysis Consortium) (2009). "The genome sequence of taurine cattle: a window to ruminant biology and evolution". Science. 324 (5926): 522–528. doi:10.1126/science.1169588. PMC 2943200Freely accessible. PMID 19390049.
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