Tarrytown, New York

Tarrytown, New York
Town

Main Street, showing the Music Hall

Location of Tarrytown, New York
Coordinates: 41°4′9″N 73°51′35″W / 41.06917°N 73.85972°W / 41.06917; -73.85972Coordinates: 41°4′9″N 73°51′35″W / 41.06917°N 73.85972°W / 41.06917; -73.85972
Country United States
State New York
County Westchester
Incorporated 1870[1]
Area
 • Total 5.7 sq mi (14.7 km2)
 • Land 3.0 sq mi (7.7 km2)
 • Water 2.7 sq mi (7.0 km2)
Elevation 121 ft (37 m)
Population (2010)
 • Total 11,277
 • Density 2,000/sq mi (770/km2)
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP code 10591
Area code(s) 914
FIPS code 36-73176
GNIS feature ID 0967065
Website www.tarrytowngov.com

Tarrytown is a village in the town of Greenburgh in Westchester County, New York, United States. It is located on the eastern bank of the Hudson River, about 25 miles (40 km) north of midtown Manhattan in New York City, and is served by a stop on the Metro-North Hudson Line. To the north of Tarrytown is the village of Sleepy Hollow (formerly "North Tarrytown"), to the south the village of Irvington and to the east unincorporated parts of Greenburgh. The Tappan Zee Bridge crosses the Hudson at Tarrytown, carrying the New York State Thruway (Interstates 87 and 287) to South Nyack, Rockland County and points in Upstate New York. The population was 11,277 at the 2010 census.[2]

History

Illustration of Tarrytown c. 1828
1868 map
Kykuit, the estate of John D. Rockefeller

The Native American Weckquaesgeek tribe, who were closely related to the Wappinger Confederacy and further related to the Mohicans, lived in the area prior to European settlement. They fished the Hudson River for shad, oysters and other shellfish. Their principal settlement was at what is now the foot of Church Street near the Hudson River shore, between the current location of Losee Park and the Tappan Zee Bridge, at a place they called Alipconk, or the "Place of Elms".[3]

The first European settlers of Tarrytown were Dutch farmers, fur trappers, and fishermen. Records show that the first Dutch residence in Tarrytown was built in 1645; however, the exact location of this residence is not known. Tarrytown sits within the lands of the former Dutch Colony of New Netherland which became English territory in 1674 with the signing of the Treaty of Westminster. The Dutch called the area "Terwe Town" (Wheat Town); the soil was light and ideal for growing cereal grains like wheat, leading to its Dutch name. Mispronunciations led to the current name of Tarrytown.[4]

In 1780, in a famous Revolutionary War incident, Major John André was arrested as a spy in Tarrytown, exposing the treasonous plans of associate Benedict Arnold. André, a British army officer, was traveling south through the village on the Albany Post Road when he was stopped and searched by three local militiamen. When suspicious papers were found in his boot, he was arrested as a spy and later convicted and hanged. A circumstantial account of the capture of André by militiamen David Williams, John Paulding and Isaac Van Wart, was written in 1903 by the owner and publisher of the Tarrytown Argus, Marcius D. Raymond.[5]

Tarrytown was described in 1820 by the writer Washington Irving in "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow". Irving began his story, "In the bosom of one of those spacious coves which indent the eastern shore of the Hudson, at that broad expansion of the river denominated by the ancient Dutch navigators of the Tappan Zee, and where they always prudently shortened sail and implored the protection of St. Nicholas when they crossed, there lies a small market town or rural port which by some is called Greenburgh, but which is more generally and properly known by the name of Tarry Town."[3] The Underground Railroad ran through Tarrytown prior to the end of the U.S. Civil War.

Tarrytown later became a favorite residence for many rich New Yorkers, including John D. Rockefeller, who first moved to Tarrytown in 1893. Kykuit, Rockefeller's elaborate mansion, was completed in 1906. In 1914, Kykuit became the site of numerous labor protests by radical anarchists, which were broken up by police in a series of violent clashes.[6] Kykuit was the intended target of at least two bombing attacks planned by anarchists associated with the radical journalists Alexander Berkman and Luigi Galleani.[6]

On November 19, 1915, a powerful dynamite bomb was discovered at Cedar Cliff, the Tarrytown estate of John D. Archbold, President of the Standard Oil Company.[7] Police theorized the bomb was planted by anarchists and Industrial Workers of the World radicals as a protest against the execution of IWW member Joe Hill in Salt Lake City.[7][8] The bomb was discovered by a gardener, John Walquist, who found four sticks of dynamite, weighing a pound each, half hidden in a rut in a driveway fifty feet from the front entrance of the residence.[7][8] The dynamite sticks were bound together by a length of wire, fitted with percussion caps, and wrapped with a piece of paper matching the color of the driveway, a path used by Archbold in going to or from his home by automobile.[7] The bomb was later defused by police.[7]

The Christ Episcopal Church, First Baptist Church of Tarrytown, Foster Memorial AME Zion Church, Washington Irving High School, North Grove Street Historic District, Patriot's Park, and Tarrytown Music Hall are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Lyndhurst and Sunnyside are listed as National Historic Landmarks.[9]

The General Motors car manufacturing plant North Tarrytown Assembly was located in North Tarrytown until 1996. Today's Metro-North Railroad's Hudson Line runs through the abandoned property.

Sleepy Hollow Mayor Philip Zegarelli in March 2007 met with Tarrytown Mayor Drew Fixell and district superintendent Howard Smith to discuss forming a blue-ribbon panel that would explore the pros and cons of an intermunicipal agreement. The two villages have shared a school district for 55 years. The villages already shared some services to lower their expenses, but the greatest reductions, especially in school and property taxes, would come from merging the two villages. However, each village has its own assessment roll. Zegarelli, who led an unsuccessful attempt in the mid-1970s to disaffiliate Sleepy Hollow from the town of Mount Pleasant, continues to advocate for secession – Sleepy Hollow from Mount Pleasant and Tarrytown from Greenburgh – as another way to save money. "If the idea is to save money, why have two levels of government?" he asked. The town of Mount Pleasant blocked Sleepy Hollow's effort to secede, largely because it did not want to lose tax revenue from General Motors, Zegarelli said.[10]

In 2014, Tarrytown was ranked second in the list of the top 10 places to live in New York according to the national online real estate brokerage Movoto.[11]

Geography and climate

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 5.7 square miles (15 km2), of which 3.0 square miles (7.8 km2) is land and 2.7 square miles (7.0 km2) (47.54%) is water.

Climate data for Tarrytown, New York
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °F (°C) 38
(3)		 42
(6)		 51
(11)		 62
(17)		 72
(22)		 81
(27)		 85
(29)		 83
(28)		 76
(24)		 65
(18)		 54
(12)		 43
(6)		 62.7
(16.9)
Average low °F (°C) 22
(−6)		 24
(−4)		 30
(−1)		 39
(4)		 49
(9)		 58
(14)		 63
(17)		 62
(17)		 55
(13)		 44
(7)		 36
(2)		 27
(−3)		 42.4
(5.8)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.81
(96.8)		 3.33
(84.6)		 4.50
(114.3)		 4.54
(115.3)		 4.43
(112.5)		 4.36
(110.7)		 4.66
(118.4)		 4.47
(113.5)		 4.81
(122.2)		 4.57
(116.1)		 4.24
(107.7)		 4.38
(111.3)		 52.1
(1,323.4)
Source: The Weather Channel[12]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
18803,025—
18903,56217.8%
19004,77033.9%
19105,60017.4%
19205,8073.7%
19306,84117.8%
19406,8740.5%
19508,85128.8%
196011,10925.5%
197011,1150.1%
198010,648−4.2%
199010,7390.9%
200011,0903.3%
201011,2771.7%
Est. 201511,560[13]2.5%
U.S. Decennial Census[14]

As of the census[15] of 2000, there were 11,090 people, 4,533 households, and 2,765 families residing in the village. The population density was 3,724.7 inhabitants per square mile (1,436.9/km2). There were 4,688 housing units at an average density of 1,574.5 per square mile (607.4/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 77.44% White, 7.04% African American, 0.22% Native American, 6.49% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 5.29% from other races, and 3.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 16.17% of the population.

There were 4,533 households out of which 26.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.5% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.0% were non-families. 31.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.95. In the village the population was spread out with 19.7% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 34.8% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 14.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 82.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.8 males. The median income for a household in the village was $68,762, and the median income for a family was $82,445. Males had a median income of $61,699 versus $41,054 for females. The per capita income for the village was $39,472. About 1.8% of families and 4.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.4% of those under age 18 and 4.6% of those age 65 or over.

Transportation

Tarrytown Metro North Train Station
The Tappan Zee Bridge connects Tarrytown in Westchester County and South Nyack in Rockland County across the Hudson River in the Lower Hudson Valley of New York State

Tarrytown has access to highways I-87 and I-287, and is the site of the eastern end of the New York State Thruway's Tappan Zee Bridge. I-87 continues south to New York City, while I-287 heads east across Westchester to link up with the Saw Mill River Parkway, the Taconic State Parkway, the Sprain Brook Parkway, the Merritt Parkway/Hutchinson River Parkway and I-95.[16]

Tarrytown railway station is served by Metro-North Railroad commuter service.[17] Metro-North trains go to New York City's Grand Central Terminal, and also go as far north as Poughkeepsie. Tarrytown is a major stop on the Hudson Line due to a large number of commuters crossing the Tappan Zee Bridge from Rockland County to catch express service to Manhattan.

Bee-Line Bus System service is also provided within Tarrytown:

Points of interest

Lyndhurst

Economy

Tarrytown serves as the headquarters for the following businesses:

In addition to housing many corporate offices, Tarrytown has a strong small business community. In a 2016 study, Fundera ranked Tarrytown the 3rd best place in New York for small business.[19]

Education

Tarrytown was home to Marymount College, an independent women's college established in 1907. Amid financial struggle, Marymount was taken over by Fordham University in 2002, but the effort was unsuccessful: the last graduates of "Marymount College of Fordham University" received diplomas in 2007. The historic hilltop campus was sold to the Swiss firm EF and became a branch of its foreign exchange secondary school, the EF International Academy.[20][21]

Local public schools are operated in concert with the neighboring village of Sleepy Hollow. A joint association, Public Schools of the Tarrytowns, supervises four separate K-8 schools, as well as Sleepy Hollow High School.[22] A Roman Catholic elementary, the Transfiguration School, was established in 1949 and is maintained by the local parish.[23]

Tarrytown is also home to the Hackley School, a private K–12 college preparatory. Situated on Castle Ridge, the school first opened in 1899.[24][25]

The Westchester Library System has its headquarters just outside Tarrytown in an unincorporated area of Greenburgh.[26][27][28]

Religion

Tarrytown's churches (many of which are located on Broadway,[29] the village's largest thoroughfare) cover all major denominations. Tarrytown is served by Episcopalian, Baptist, Catholic, Christian Science, Methodist, Reformed, and Korean churches. The Foster Memorial AME Zion Church on Wildey Street is the oldest black church in Westchester County.[30] Tarrytown's single largest religious denomination is Roman Catholicism, with over 60% of residents of Tarrytown and Sleepy Hollow identifying as Catholics. Three Roman Catholic churches (Church of the Transfiguration, Immaculate Conception Church, and St. Theresa's) serve the community's Catholics and provide numerous social services including the Transfiguration School. Tarrytown is also the home of the motherhouse of the Religious of the Sacred Heart of Mary, a Catholic woman's religious order that founded and staffed the now-defunct Marymount College (now EF School).

Tarrytown also has a large Jewish community, which encompasses all major denominations. Temple Beth Abraham, located on Leroy Avenue, services both the Reform and Conservative communities. The Doubletree Inn features a Glatt Kosher kitchen, as well as an Orthodox prayer service (minyan) on the Jewish sabbath (Shabbat). The local Jewish Community Center, JCC on the Hudson, features family programs, camps, and educational opportunities from a non-denominational approach.

Notable people

Notable current and former residents of Tarrytown include:

References

  1. ↑ http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/arch_reports/1066.pdf
  2. ↑ "Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Tarrytown village, New York". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Retrieved November 18, 2011.
  3. 1 2 "Tarrytown history"
  4. ↑ Miller, Richard (2005). "A Brief History of Tarrytown". Village of Tarrytown. Retrieved November 17, 2014.
  5. ↑ David Williams and the capture of Andre: A paper read before the Tarrytown Historical Society Tarrytown: Argus – 1903 – approx. 35 pp.
  6. 1 2 Avrich, Paul, The modern school movement: anarchism and education in the United States, AK Press, ISBN 1-904859-09-7, ISBN 978-1-904859-09-3 (2005), p. 214
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 The New York Times, "Dynamite Bomb For J.D. Archbold", November 22, 1915
  8. 1 2 Steiner, Henry, "The Other Oil Tycoon", River Journal Online. Retrieved July 20, 2011
  9. ↑ National Park Service (2009-03-13). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
  10. ↑ Kott, Andrea (April 30, 2007). "To Merge or Not to Merge". The Hudson Independent.
  11. ↑ The 10 Best Places In New York – statistical analysis by Movoto
  12. ↑ "Monthly Averages for Tarrytown, NY". The Weather Channel. Retrieved May 17, 2012.
  13. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Retrieved July 2, 2016.
  14. ↑ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  15. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  16. ↑ "Tarrytown, NY – Google Maps". Google. Retrieved December 17, 2009.
  17. ↑ "MTA Metro-North Railroad Schedules". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved February 5, 2008.
  18. ↑ "Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (2013)". EDGAR. Form 10-K. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. February 13, 2014. Commission File Number 0-19034. Retrieved March 22, 2014.
  19. ↑ "The 8 Best Cities for Small Business in New York State". 2016-09-14. Retrieved 2016-09-21.
  20. ↑ Brenner, Elsa (February 17, 2008). "Marymount Being Sold; Village to Gain Taxes". The New York Times. New York. Retrieved July 17, 2014.
  21. ↑ "About EF Academy". Ef.edu. EF Education First. 2014. Retrieved July 17, 2014.
  22. ↑ "Tarrytown Union Free School District". Tufsd.org. 2014. Retrieved July 17, 2014.
  23. ↑ "About the Transfiguration School". Transfigurationschool.org. 2014. Retrieved July 17, 2014.
  24. ↑ Historical Society of Tarrytown (1997). Tarrytown and Sleepy Hollow. Dover, NH: Arcadia Publishing. p. 84. ISBN 9780752408811.
  25. ↑ Johnston, Walter C. (2014). "About Hackley". Hackleyschool.org/. Hackley School. Retrieved July 17, 2014.
  26. ↑ "Home." Westchester Library System. Retrieved July 17, 2014. "Westchester Library System | 540 White Plains Road | Suite 200 | Tarrytown, NY 10591"
  27. ↑ "Zoning Map." Retrieved on July 17, 2014 .
  28. ↑ "Greenburgh town, Westchester County, New York." U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved August 8, 2011.
  29. ↑ "Church & Religious Associations & Organizations within 5 Miles of S Broadway, Tarrytown, NY 10591". Google. Retrieved February 5, 2008.
  30. ↑ Kennedy, Karen Morey. "National Register of Historic Places nomination, Foster Memorial AME Zion Church". New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation. Retrieved June 9, 2008.
  31. ↑ Hevesi, Dennis. "Clara Claiborne Park, 86, Dies; Wrote About Autistic Child", The New York Times, July 12, 2010. Retrieved July 13, 2010.
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