TRIM21

TRIM21
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
Aliases TRIM21, RNF81, RO52, Ro/SSA, SSA, SSA1, tripartite motif containing 21, Tripartite motif-containing protein 21
External IDs MGI: 106657 HomoloGene: 2365 GeneCards: TRIM21
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez

6737

20821

Ensembl

ENSG00000132109

ENSMUSG00000030966

UniProt

P19474

Q62191

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_003141

NM_001082552
NM_009277

RefSeq (protein)

NP_003132.2

n/a

Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 4.38 – 4.39 Mb Chr 7: 102.56 – 102.57 Mb
PubMed search [1] [2]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Tripartite motif-containing protein 21 also known as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM21 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRIM21 gene.[3][4] Alternatively spliced transcript variants for this gene have been described but the full-length nature of only one has been determined. It is expressed in most human tissues.[5]

Structure

TRIM21 is a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family. The TRIM motif includes three zinc-binding domains, a RING finger domain, a B-box type 1 and a B-box type 2 zinc finger, and a coiled coil region.[4]

Function

TRIM21 is an intracellular antibody effector in the intracellular antibody-mediated proteolysis pathway. It binds to immunoglobulin G as well as immunoglobulin M on antibody marked non-enveloped virions which have infected the cell. Either by autoubiquitination or by ubiquitination of a cofactor, it is then responsible for directing the virions to the proteasome. TRIM21 itself is not degraded in the proteasome unlike both the viral capsid and the bound antibody.[5]

TRIM21 is part of the RoSSA ribonucleoprotein, which includes a single polypeptide and one of four small RNA molecules. The RoSSA particle localizes to both the cytoplasm and the nucleus.[4]

Clinical significance

RoSSA interacts with autoantigens in patients with Sjögren's syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus.[4]

References

  1. "Human PubMed Reference:".
  2. "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
  3. Frank MB, Itoh K, Fujisaku A, Pontarotti P, Mattei MG, Neas BR (Mar 1993). "The mapping of the human 52-kD Ro/SSA autoantigen gene to human chromosome 11, and its polymorphisms". Am J Hum Genet. 52 (1): 183–91. PMC 1682114Freely accessible. PMID 8094596.
  4. 1 2 3 4 "Entrez Gene: TRIM21 tripartite motif-containing 21".
  5. 1 2 Mallery DL, McEwan WA, Bidgood SR, Towers GJ, Johnson CM, James LC (2010). "Antibodies mediate intracellular immunity through tripartite motif-containing 21 (TRIM21)". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107 (46): 19985–19990. doi:10.1073/pnas.1014074107. PMC 2993423Freely accessible. PMID 21045130.

Further reading

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