Surxondaryo Region

Surxondaryo Region
Surxondaryo viloyati
region

Surxondaryo in Uzbekistan
Coordinates: 38°0′N 67°30′E / 38.000°N 67.500°E / 38.000; 67.500Coordinates: 38°0′N 67°30′E / 38.000°N 67.500°E / 38.000; 67.500
Country Uzbekistan
Capital Termiz
Government
 • Hokim Tojimurod Normurodovich Mamaraimov
Area
 • Total 20,100 km2 (7,800 sq mi)
Population (2005)
 • Total 1,925,100
 • Density 96/km2 (250/sq mi)
Time zone East (UTC+5)
 • Summer (DST) not observed (UTC+5)
ISO 3166 code UZ-SU
Districts 14
Cities 8
Townships 7
Villages 114

Surxondaryo Region (Uzbek: Surxondaryo viloyati, Сурхондарё вилояти, Persian: سرخان‌دریا‎‎, UniPers: "sorxāndaryā"), old spelling Surkhandarya Region is a viloyat (region) of Uzbekistan, located in the extreme south-east of the country. Established on March 6, 1941, it borders on Qashqadaryo Region internally, and Turkmenistan, Afghanistan and Tajikistan externally, going anticlockwise from the north. It covers an area of 20,100 km². The population is estimated at 1,925,100 (end of 2005 data), with 80% living in rural areas.[1] According to official data, 83% of the population are Uzbeks and 1% Tajiks,[2] but non-official statistics show Surxondaryo is a Persian-speaking area, because most Tajiks of Uzbekistan are concentrated in the Surxondaryo, Samarkand and Bukhara regions.[3] The highest point of the Region and also of Uzbekistan is Khazrati Sulton peak reaching 4,643 m/15,233 ft in Gissar Range.[4]

The regional capital is Termez with population of 122,900 and the second largest city is Denov (Denau) with 69,500 inhabitants (data for 2005).[1] Other towns include Boysun, Jarkurghon, Kumkurghon, Shargun, Shirabad, Shurchi, and Sariosiyo.

The climate is continental, with mild wet winters and hot dry summers. The southern part of the region is in the Badkhiz-Karabil semi-desert ecoregion (PA0808), characterized by a savanna of pistachio and desert sedge. The northern portion is characterized by open woodlands (Gissaro-Alai open woodlands ecoregion, PA1306), with characteristic plants being pistachio, almond, walnut, apple, and juniper. Sagebrush is common at lower elevations [5][6]

Natural resources include petroleum, natural gas, and coal. Light industry, mainly cotton ginning and food processing, is also an important part of the regional economy, particularly in the production of consumer goods. Agriculture is based primarily on cotton and cereals, supplemented with horticulture and viticulture. Surxondaryo is the country's largest supplier of long-fiber cotton. Livestock accounts for 40% of regional agricultural product.[1] The climatic conditions of this region also make it possible to cultivate subtropical crops such as sugarcane.

The regon has a well-developed transport infrastructure, with 300 km of railways and 2,700 km of surfaced roads.[1] Central Asia's only river port is located at Termez on the Amudarya River.

History

Bitter debates accompanied the Soviet allocation of Surkhandarya Region to the Uzbek SSR rather than the Tajik SSR in 1929, as that region, as well as the areas of Bukhara and Samarkand, had sizeable, if not dominant, Tajik populations.

Districts

The region is divided into 14 districts (tumans):[7][8]

District name District capital
1 Angor District Angor
3 Boysun District Boysun
4 Denov District Denov (Denau)
5 Jarkurghon District Jarkurghon
2,6 Kizirik District Sariq
7 Kumkurghon District Kumkurghon
8 Muzrabot District Khalkobod (Khalkabad)
9 Oltinsoy District Qarluq
10 Sariosiyo District Sariosiyo
11 Sherobod District Shirabad
12 Shurchi District Shurchi
13 Termiz District Uchkhizil
14 Uzun District Uzun

Agriculture (2005 data)

Agriculture accounts for 42% of total employment in Surxondaryo Region and produces 8% of Uzbekistan’s agricultural output. Agricultural production is 56% crops and 44% livestock (like the country’s average). Milk yields are less than 1,700 kg per cow per year, on a par with the national average.

Main characteristics of agriculture in Surxondaryo Region[1][9]

SurxondaryoPercent of
national total
Sown area 278,100 ha 8
Cereals 45% 8
Cotton 45% 8
Potatoes, vegetables 5% 7
Feed crops 5% 5
Fruit orchards 12,600 ha 6
Vineyards 8,400 ha 6
Cattle 531,100 head 8
Cows 241,900 head 9
Sheep, goats 1,253,500 head 11

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Statistical Yearbook of the Regions of Uzbekistan 2005, State Statistical Committee, Tashkent, 2006 (Russian).
  2. ↑ Ethnic composition of the population in Surxondaryo Region
  3. ↑ Lena Jonson (1976) "Tajikistan in the New Central Asia", I.B.Tauris, p. 108: "According to official Uzbek statistics there are slightly over 1 million Tajiks in Uzbekistan or about 3% of the population. The unofficial figure is over 6 million Tajiks. They are concentrated in the Sukhandarya, Samarqand and Bukhara regions."
  4. ↑ Ethnic Atlas of Uzbekistan, Part 1: Ethnic minorities, Open Society Institute, table with number of Tajiks by region (Russian).
  5. ↑ World Wildlife Fund (2001). "Gissaro-Alai open woodlands". WildWorld Ecoregion Profile. National Geographic Society. Archived from the original on 2010-03-08.
  6. ↑ World Wildlife Fund (2001). "Badkhiz-Karabil semi-desert". WildWorld Ecoregion Profile. National Geographic Society. Archived from the original on 2010-03-08.
  7. ↑ Districts and district capitals in Surxondaryo Region.
  8. ↑ Administrative Map of the Republic of Uzbekistan, State Agency for Land Resources, Geodesy, Cartography, and Land Cadastre, Tashkent, 2007 (Russian).
  9. ↑ Agriculture in Uzbekistan, State Statistical Committee, Tashkent, 2007 (Russian).
 Qashqadaryo Region Sughd Region,  Tajikistan
Districts of Republican Subordination,  Tajikistan
   Surxondaryo Region  
Lebap Region,  Turkmenistan Balkh Province,  Afghanistan Khatlon Region,  Tajikistan
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