National Development and Reform Commission

National Development and Reform Commission of the People's Republic of China
中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会
Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Guójiā Fāzhǎn hé Gǎigé Wěiyuánhuì

Agency overview
Formed March, 2003
Preceding agencies
  • State Planning Commission
  • State Development Planning Commission
Jurisdiction  People's Republic of China
Headquarters Beijing
Employees 890
Agency executive
Parent agency State Council
Website www.ndrc.gov.cn
National Development and Reform Commission
Simplified Chinese 国家发展和改革委员会
Literal meaning State Development and Reform Commission
Commonly abbreviated as
Simplified Chinese 发改委

The National Development and Reform Commission of the People's Republic of China (NDRC), formerly State Planning Commission and State Development Planning Commission, is a macroeconomic management agency under the Chinese State Council, which has broad administrative and planning control over the Chinese economy. The candidate for the chairperson of the NDRC is nominated by the Premier of the People's Republic of China and approved by the National People's Congress. Since March 2013 the Commission has been headed by Xu Shaoshi.

The NDRC's functions are to study and formulate policies for economic and social development, maintain the balance of economic development, and to guide restructuring of China's economic system.[1] The NDRC has twenty-six functional departments/bureaus/offices with an authorized staff size of 890 civil servants.

History

The NDRC is a successor to the State Planning Commission (SPC; simplified Chinese: 国家计划委员会; traditional Chinese: 國家計劃委員會; pinyin: Guójiā Jìhuà Wěiyuánhuì and shortened to simplified Chinese: 国家计委; traditional Chinese: 國家計委; pinyin: Guójiā Jìwěi), which had managed China's centrally planned economy since 1952. In 1998, the SPC was renamed as the State Development Planning Commission (SDPC), which then merged with the State Council Office for Restructuring the Economic System (SCORES) and part of the State Economic and Trade Commission (SETC) in 2003. Since then the organization further shifted its policy from a planned economy to a socialist market economy. The restructured organization was then merged into a newly created NDRC, which gained greater responsibility and power in overseeing China's economic development.

Principal functions

The principal functions of the NDRC are:[2]

  1. To formulate and implement macroeconomic policies;
  2. To monitor and adjust the performance of the national economy;
  3. To examine and approve major construction projects;
  4. To guide and promote economic restructuring;
  5. To coordinate the readjustment of China's industrial structure with development of agriculture and rural economy;
  6. To formulate plans for the development of China's energy sector and manage national oil reserves;
  7. To promote the Western Region Development Program, which calls for China's economic growth to include the poorer Western provinces;
  8. To submit a national economic plan to the National People's Congress on behalf of the State Council.

Also, recently the NDRC has been placed in charge of China's strategic petroleum reserves.

List of chairmen

№ Name Took office Left office Premier
1 Gao Gang November 1952 August 1954 Zhou Enlai
2 Li Fuchun September 1954 January 1975 Zhou Enlai
3 Yu Qiuli January 1975 August 1980 Zhou Enlai
Hua Guofeng
4 Yao Yilin August 1980 June 1983 Zhao Ziyang
5 Song Ping June 1983 June 1987 Zhao Ziyang
6 Yao Yilin June 1987 December 1989 Zhao Ziyang
Li Peng
7 Zou Jiahua December 1989 March 1993 Li Peng
8 Chen Jinhua March 1993 March 1998 Li Peng
9 Zeng Peiyan March 1998 March 2003 Zhu Rongji
10 Ma Kai March 2003 March 2008 Wen Jiabao
11 Zhang Ping March 2008 16 March 2013 Wen Jiabao
12 Xu Shaoshi 16 March 2013 Incumbent Li Keqiang

Current Leadership

Chairman
Vice Chairmen
  1. Liu He - Minister level, chief of the General Office of the Leading Group for Financial and Economic Affairs, deputy party group secretary
  2. He Lifeng - Minister level, deputy party group secretary
  3. Nur Bekri - Minister level, Chair of the National Energy Administration
  4. Zhang Yong - Minister level
  5. Ning Jizhe - Minister level
  6. Mu Hong - Minister level, Deputy General Office chief of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reforms
  7. Lian Weiliang (连维良)
  8. Liu Xiaobin (刘晓滨)
  9. Lin Nianxiu (林念修)
  10. Hu Zucai (胡祖才)
  11. Wang Xiaotao (王晓涛)[3]

National Coordination Committee on Climate Change

The National Coordination Committee on Climate Change, approved by the State Council, assumed office in October 2003. Ma Kai, the Chairman of the NDRC served as the first chair of the committee. The committee is the executive arm of the Leading Group on Climate Change, which is headed by the Premier.[4]

National Energy Administration

The NDRC oversees the National Energy Administration (NEA; 国家能源局) ensures the state's energy needs and works to strengthen the integrated administration of energy industry in concert with the NDRC.[5]

As part of its major functions, NEA:

NEA was established in August 2008, replacing the National Energy Bureau (NEB; 国家能源局) which attempted to reform China’s highly dispersed energy management.[6][7]

Structure

See also

References

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