Church of St Peter-le-Bailey

St Peter-le-Bailey
Church of St Peter-le-Bailey

St Peter-le-Bailey, now St Peter's College chapel
Country United Kingdom
Denomination Church of England
Website St Peter's College: chapel
Architecture
Style Victorian Gothic Revival
Administration
Diocese Oxford

The Church of St Peter-le-Bailey is a church on New Inn Hall Street in central Oxford, England. It was formerly next to Bonn Square, which was originally the churchyard. Now it is located halfway up New Inn Hall Street to the north. Several churches have existed on or close to the site.[1] The current church is now the chapel[2] of St Peter's College, Oxford.[3]

History

The church of "St Peter at the Castle", subsequently known as "St Peter-in the-West" or "St Peter-le-Bailey", was granted to St Frideswide's Priory in 1122. [4] The Church of St Peter-le-Bailey has existed in or near the area now known as Bonn Square, since the twelfth century[5] The suffix "le-Bailey" was due to its position close to Oxford Castle. It also distinguished it from Oxford's other church dedicated to St Peter, namely St Peter-in-the-East, near the original east gate of the city, now the library of St Edmund Hall, one of the Oxford University colleges.

The Church of St Peter-le-Bailey existed as a parish church until 1961, when the parish of St Peter-le-Bailey was combined with that of St Ebbe's. Since the inception of the parish, there have been three different church buildings with the name St Peter-le-Bailey.

The first St Peter-le-Bailey church was built in the 12th century. It had a single, pitched-roofed nave with a low tower at the southwest corner. A second church was built on the site of the original church, opening in 1740. It was a flat roofed rectangular building with a tower at the northwest corner. The churchyard remained in its original position since there was no room to expand it. The church remained in use until the middle of the 19th century, when in 1848 Holywell Cemetery, Osney Cemetery, and St Sepulchre's Cemetery opened. In 1855, new burials were forbidden at all city churches, apart from existing vaults. This church was demolished in 1873 as part of a road widening scheme.

The third St Peter-le-Bailey Church was built to the north of the old church, approximately halfway along New Inn Hall Street, to designs by Basil Champneys.[6] It was opened in 1874 and was photographed by Henry Taunt.[7] When St Peter's Hall was founded in 1928, this church took on the combined role of the parish church and a college chapel.[8] In 1961, St Peter's Hall became a full Oxford University college. In the same year, with a decreasing number of resident in the parish, it was merged with St Ebbe's parish and the church building became solely used at the college chapel, as it still is today.

The original churchyard was retained as a memorial garden when the church was moved in 1874. Many of the gravestones were moved at that time.

Excavations

Bonn Square was redeveloped in 2008 and this made it possible to inspect and record a number of gravestones which had been buried since the church on the site was demolished in 1873. During the redevelopment, Oxford Archaeology undertook the archaeological investigations on behalf of Oxford City Council.[9]

See also

References

  1. ↑ A Brief History of St Peter-le-Bailey Church and Churchyard, Oxfordshire Family History Society: Monumental Inscriptions.
  2. ↑ Chapel, St Peter's College, Oxford.
  3. ↑ History, St Peter's College, Oxford.
  4. ↑ St. Peter-Le-Bailey, Churches, In Alan Crossley and C. R. Elrington (editors), A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 4: The City of Oxford (1979), pp. 369–412. Accessed: 20 January 2010.
  5. ↑ St Peter-le-Bailey Church, Oxford, Oxfordshire, map, ViewFinder, English Heritage, UK.
  6. ↑ St Peter-le-Bailey at www.british-history.ac.uk
  7. ↑ St Peter-le-Bailey Church, Oxford, Oxfordshire, photograph by Henry Taunt, ViewFinder, English Heritage, UK.
  8. ↑ St. Peter's Hall. In H. E. Salter and Mary D. Lobel (editors), A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 3: The University of Oxford (1954), pp. 336–338. Accessed: 20 January 2010.
  9. ↑ Oxfordshire Family History Society Monumental Inscriptions at St Peter-le-Bailey, Bonn Square, Oxford, Oxfordshire Family History Society: Monumental Inscriptions.

Further reading

External links

Coordinates: 51°45′09″N 1°15′38″W / 51.75253°N 1.26061°W / 51.75253; -1.26061

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