Sonpur, Bihar

Sonpur सोनपुर
Town
Sonpur Location in Bihar, India
Coordinates: 25°42′N 85°11′E / 25.7°N 85.18°E / 25.7; 85.18Coordinates: 25°42′N 85°11′E / 25.7°N 85.18°E / 25.7; 85.18
Country	India
State	Bihar
District	Saran
Area
• Total	159.65 km2 (61.64 sq mi)
Population (2011)
• Total	232,340[1][2]
• Density	1,455/km2 (3,770/sq mi)
Languages
• Official	Bhojpuri, Hindi
Time zone	IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN	841101
Telephone code	+91-6158
Vehicle registration	BR-04
Lok Sabha constituency	Saran
Vidhan Sabha constituency	Sonpur
Planning agency	Patna Regional Development Authority
Civic agency	Sonpur Nagar Panchayat

Sonpur (Hindi: सोनपुर) is a town in the Indian state of Bihar, situated on the banks of the River Gandak in Saran district in the Indian state of Bihar. It hosts one of the world's largest Animal Fair which starts on Kartik Poornima.^[3] Nearest Hajipur Vaishali is only 3 km and connecting by road NH-19 or by train Jagjivan bridge for double line railway bridge. Sonpur Sub-division (अनुमंडल) consists of Sonpur, Parsa, Garkha, Dighwara, Dariapur blocks. Sonpur Block (प्रखण्ड) has 98 villages.

Geography

The town is located at 25°42′00″N 85°11′00″E / 25.7°N 85.1832°E / 25.7; 85.1832 at an altitude of 42 metres (137 ft).

The river Gandak must have been the route of the movement of Buddha and his followers from Nepal Tarai to Magadh that is why many of the stupas and similar structures, including Ashoka pillars, are found on the banks of the river. The location of Pathar ki Masjid just opposite the meeting point of the gandak, that is southern bank of the Ganges, shows the Muslim influence of trade and commerce in medieval times. The current township Patna is just the modern version of the makeshift headquarters of military establishments of old Patna city which in turn was later version of Pataliputra, the capital of Maurya Empire.

Of the ten railway stations in the world having the longest railway platforms, Sonepur being on the 8th (and 2nd longest at the time of construction) longest platform in the world at 2,415 ft (736 m). It is connected by two rivers, the Ganges and the Gandak.

Transportation and Connectivity

Sonpur is a town located in the Saran District of Bihar and is easily accessible via Railways, Roadways, Waterways and Airways.^[4]

Roadways

Sonpur is nearly 3 Km from Hajipur and 25 km from Patna and 58 km from Muzaffarpur in Bihar & 60 km from Chhapra, the headquarter of Saran District. Buses, Taxis and Auto-rickshaws are easily available.

Railways

Sonepur station

The Nearest Railway Station is Sonpur Junction railway station. It has the 8th Largest Railway Platform in the World. It has trains connecting almost every part of India.^[5] It is the divisional headquarters of the East Central Railway of the Indian Railways.

Waterways

BSTDC organizes ferries to Sonpur during the Season of Sonpur Cattle Fair.^[4]

Real estate boom

The real estate land prices soared in Sonepur after the start of construction of Digha–Sonpur rail–cum–road bridge in 2002.^[6] Real estate companies like tcw realty pvt ltd, Phenomenal Projects are acquiring large chunk of land and selling it by dividing those into small plots.^[7][8][9]

Demographics

As of 2011 India census,^[10] Sonpur had a population of 232,340.^[1] Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Sonpur has an average literacy rate of 60%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 70%, and female literacy is 48%. In Sonpur, 16% of the population is under 6 years of age. Area of Sonpur is 159.65 sq.km. Sonpur Nagar Panchayat has population of 37,776.

Cattle Fair

The Sonepur Cattle Fair (Hindi: सोनपुर पशु मेला) is held annually in Sonepur. The sight of numerous elephants, decorated for the purpose of sale, is an important visitor attraction.^[11]

The Fair is held on Kartik Poornima (the full moon day) in November. It is also known as Harihar Kshetra Mela and it attracts visitors from all over Asia. Till date, it is the biggest cattle fair of Asia and stretches on from fifteen days to one month. It has its origins during ancient times. This is when Chandragupta Maurya (340 - 297 BCE) used to buy elephants and horses across the river Ganges. The Sonepur Cattle Fair once used to attract traders from places as distant as Central Asia. In 2013, the Fair started on November 16 and continued till December 15.

Hariharnath Mandir

Hariharnath Mandir in Sonpur is also known for the famous temple of shree Hariharnath and the site of the battle of Gaj-Grah and rescue of the former by Hari During Kartik Purnima Ganga Snan or ceremonial bathing in the Ganges is held by Hindus to be unusually efficacious. On the day of full moon (Kartik Purnima) immense crowd assembles and take bath. The Mela commences on that day and lasts for more than a fortnight. The Shiva temple, Kali temple and other temples and historical religious monuments are situated here and social and economical activities are at the highest peak during the Mela period. People come here to pay their oblation to the lords and thus its importance is not within Sonpur of Bihar rather it is of India and world fame.

Education

Education services in Sonpur is being provided by private as well as government schools and colleges. Kendriya Vidyalaya is one of the notable school and is up to the senior secondary level with Science stream.

SPS Seminary School is one of the famous and old school in this small town which is up to 10+2. Kendriya vidyalaya near Sonpur railway station is one of the popular schools in the region.

See also

• Sonpur Cattle Fair (Harihar Kshetra Mela)
• Hajipur
• Bihta

References

External links

• Sonpur Division – Eastern Central Railways