Sir Jonathan Trelawny, 3rd Baronet

Sir Jonathan Trelawny, Bt
Bishop of Winchester

Church	Church of England
See	Winchester
In office	1707–1721
Predecessor	Peter Mews
Successor	Charles Trimnell
Personal details
Born	24 March 1650 Trelawne, Cornwall, England
Died	19 July 1721 (aged 71) Chelsea, Middlesex, England
Previous post	Bishop of Bristol Bishop of Exeter

Sir Jonathan Trelawny, 3rd Baronet (24 March 1650 – 19 July 1721) was a British Bishop of Bristol, Bishop of Exeter and Bishop of Winchester. Trelawny is best known for his role in the events leading up to the Glorious Revolution which are referenced in the Cornish anthem The Song of the Western Men.

Life

He was born at Trelawne in the parish of Pelynt, Cornwall. He was educated at Westminster School and then went to Christ Church, Oxford at the start of the Michaelmas term of 1668 where he distinguished himself as a scholar. A staunch royalist, he was ordained in 1673 and became a beneficed clergyman. He was appointed rector of South Hill on 4 October and of St. Ives on 12 December 1677, becoming Bishop of Bristol in 1685. He was one of the Seven Bishops tried under James II.

Trelawny and the other bishops petitioned against James II's Declaration of Indulgence in 1687 and 1688, (granting religious tolerance to Catholics) and as a result he was arrested and imprisoned in the Tower of London on charges of seditious libel. The bishops said that whilst they were loyal to King James II, their consciences would not agree to allowing freedom of worship to Catholics even if it were to be within the privacy of their own homes as the Declaration proposed; thus they could not sign. Trelawny was held for three weeks before trial, then tried and acquitted; this led to great celebrations, with bells being rung in his home parish of Pelynt.^[1]

Trelawny was rewarded in 1689 by being appointed Bishop of Exeter (whilst still, until 1694, Archdeacon of Totnes) after the military defeat of James II and the accession of the Protestant William of Orange to the British throne. He was further rewarded by being appointed Bishop of Winchester in 1707, although his promotion was a matter of some controversy, as Queen Anne, who was determined to keep all important Church appointments within her own gift, overruled the advice of her ministers and of the Archbishop of Canterbury in appointing him, thus provoking the so-called Bishoprics Crisis. He died in 1721, in Chelsea, Middlesex; his body was brought back for burial to Pelynt in Cornwall.

Family

He married Rebecca Hele, by whom he had twelve children:^[2]^[3]^[4]

Charlotte Trelawny (1687/8 – aft. 1745), unmarried
Letitia Trelawny (b. 1689), married Sir Harry Trelawny, 5th Baronet
Henry Trelawny (1692–1707), fought in the War of the Spanish Succession and died with Admiral Sir Cloudesley Shovell aboard HMS Association during the Scilly naval disaster of 1707.^[5]
Sir John Trelawny, 4th Baronet (1691–1756)
Charles Trelawny (1694 – 24 August 1721), without issue, prebendary of Westminster
Rebecca Trelawny (1696–1743), married John Francis Buller in 1716
Elizabeth Trelawny (1697 – 25 January 1744), married Rev. George Allanson (d. 1741), Archdeacon of Cornwall
Edward Trelawny (1699–1754)
Mary Trelawny (b. 1700), died in infancy
Rev. Hele Trelawny (1703–1740), without issue
Jonathan Trelawny (b. 1705), died in infancy
Anne Trelawny (1707–1745), unmarried

Reputation

Jonathan Trelawny features in the lyrics of The Song of the Western Men.

Bishop Trelawny was immortalised in the Cornish Anthem, The Song of the Western Men, better known simply as Trelawny, written over a century later and composed by Parson Robert Stephen Hawker, vicar of Morwenstow.

And shall Trelawny live?

Or shall Trelawny die!

Here's twenty thousand Cornish men

Will know the reason why!^[1]

Notes

1 2 Chisholm 1911.
↑ Kimber, Edward; Johnson, Richard; Wotton, Thomas (1771). The Baronetage of England. G. Woodfall. p. 311. Retrieved 2 August 2007.
↑ Vivian, John Lambrick. The Visitation of Cornwall. pp. 477–478.
↑ Debrett's Baronetage of England. p. 42.
↑ James Herbert Cooke, The Shipwreck of Sir Cloudesley Shovell on the Scilly Islands in 1707, From Original and Contemporary Documents Hitherto Unpublished, Read at a Meeting of the Society of Antiquaries, London, 1 Feb. 1883

References

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Trelawny, Sir Jonathan". Encyclopædia Britannica. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Twemlow, Jesse Alfred (1899). "Trelawny, Jonathan". In Lee, Sidney. Dictionary of National Biography. 57. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
Coleby, Andrew M. "Trelawny, Sir Jonathan, third baronet (1650–1721)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27689. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

External links

Who was Trelawny? by Tom Prout, Editor of the Trelawny's Army Newsletter.

Culture of Cornwall

Cornish: Gonisogeth Kernow

Sports

Arts

Cornish bagpipes Brenda Wootton Fisherman's Friends Crowns

Folk songs	"Bro Goth agan Tasow" "Camborne Hill" "Come, all ye jolly tinner boys" "Delkiow Sivy" "Hail to the Homeland" "The Song of the Western Men"

Language

Mythology

Organisations

Cornwall portal

Archdeacons of Totnes

High Medieval	John de Bradelgehe Hugh de Avigo Ascelinus Baldwin of Forde Robert Bernard John Fitz-John Gilbert Basset Walter de Gray John de Bridport Thomas de Boues Richard Cowe Hugh Ysaac John de Kent Roger de Wynkleigh Thomas Pincerna John Geoffrey William de Pembroke Richard Blunt Thomas de Hertford Henry de Bolleghe Thomas de Bodham Roger le Rous

Late Medieval	Thomas de Charlton William de Puntyngdon Roger de Charlton John de Northwode v. John Piers Peter de Gildesburgh v. Richard de Swinnerton William Steele v. Richard de Drax Hugh de Bridham v. Richard Desbunton John Lydford William Hunden William Barton John Typhane Alan Kirketon John Burneby Thomas Manning Thomas Chippenham Owen Lord William Wagott Patrick Haliburton Edmund Chaderton Ralph Heathcott John Fulford Richard Sydnor George Carew

Early modern	William Collumpton William Fawell John Pollard Thomas Kent Robert Lougher Oliver Whiddon John Cole Lewis Swete William Parker Jasper Swift William Cotton Edward Cotton Francis Fullwood in commendam: The Bishop, Sir Jonathan Trelawney George Snell Francis Atterbury Nicholas Kendall George Baker Thomas Skynner Ralph Barnes Robert Froude

Late modern	John Downall Alfred Earle Charles Wilkinson Arthur Simms Newton Leeke John Cobham Edgar Hall John Hawkins Robert Newhouse John Lucas Richard Hawkins Tony Tremlett Richard Gilpin John Rawlings Clive Cohen (Acting) Douglas Dettmer

Church of England titles
Preceded by John Lake	Bishop of Bristol 1685–1689	Succeeded by Gilbert Ironside
Preceded by Thomas Lamplugh	Bishop of Exeter 1688–1707	Succeeded by Ofspring Blackall
Preceded by Peter Mews	Bishop of Winchester 1707–1721	Succeeded by Charles Trimnell
Honorary titles
Preceded by John Trelawny	Vice-Admiral of South Cornwall 1682–1693	Succeeded by Henry Trelawny
Baronetage of England
Preceded by Jonathan Trelawny	Baronet (of Trelawney) 1681–1721	Succeeded by John Trelawny

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