Robin Gibb

Robin Gibb
CBE

Gibb in 1973
Background information
Birth name Robin Hugh Gibb
Born (1949-12-22)22 December 1949
Douglas, Isle of Man
Origin Manchester, Lancashire, England[1]
Died 20 May 2012(2012-05-20) (aged 62)
London, England
Genres Rock,[2] pop[3]
Occupation(s)
  • Singer
  • songwriter
  • record producer
Instruments
  • Vocals
  • keyboards
  • guitar[4]
Years active 1955–2012
Labels
Associated acts
Website robingibb.com

Robin Hugh Gibb, CBE (22 December 1949 – 20 May 2012) was a British singer, songwriter and record producer, best known as a member of the pop group the Bee Gees. He gained worldwide fame with his brothers Barry and Maurice Gibb (Robin's twin). Their younger brother Andy was also a singer. Robin also had his own successful solo career.[5]

Gibb was born on the Isle of Man to English parents, Hugh and Barbara Gibb; the family later moved to Manchester (where Andy was born) before settling in Redcliffe, a suburb of Brisbane, Australia. Gibb began his career as part of the family trio (Barry-Maurice-Robin). When the group found their first success, they returned to England where they achieved worldwide fame. In 2002, the Bee Gees were appointed as CBEs for their "contribution to music".[6] However, investiture at Buckingham Palace was delayed until 2004.[6]

With record sales estimated in excess of 200 million units, the Bee Gees became one of the most successful pop groups of all time.[7] Music historian Paul Gambaccini described Gibb as "one of the major figures in the history of British music" and "one of the best white soul voices ever".[8] From 2008 to 2011, Gibb was President of the Heritage Foundation, honouring figures in British culture. After a career spanning six decades, Gibb last performed on stage in February 2012 supporting injured British servicemen and women at a charity concert at the London Palladium.[9] On 20 May 2012, Gibb died at the age of 62 from liver and kidney failure brought on by colorectal cancer.[10]

As an instrumentalist, Gibb primarily played a variety of keyboards, notably piano, organ and Mellotron on the Bee Gees album Odessa (1969); he also played acoustic guitar and organ on his debut solo album Robin's Reign (1970).[4]

Childhood

See also: Hugh Gibb
Douglas was the birthplace of Gibb.

Robin Hugh Gibb was born on 22 December 1949 in Jane Crookall Maternity Home in Douglas, Isle of Man,[11] to Hugh and Barbara Gibb (née Pass). He was the fraternal twin of Maurice Gibb and was the older of the two by 35 minutes. Apart from Maurice, he had one sister, Lesley Evans, and two brothers, Barry and Andy.[12] As children in Manchester, Gibb and his brothers began committing petty crimes such as arson.[13]

In 1953, the Gibbs watched the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II on the television. Their neighbour in Willaston, Isle of Man, Marie Beck who was the friend of his mother and her sister Peggy. Another neighbour, Helen Kenney was living in Douglas Head as Kenney recalls "Barry and the twins used to come into Mrs. Beck's house and we would mind them, Robin once said to me, 'We're going to be rich one day, we're going to form a band!' "Little did I realise he meant it".[1]

Career

1955–1958: The Rattlesnakes

In 1955, when the Gibbs moved back to their home town of Manchester,[14] the Gibb brothers formed The Rattlesnakes. The band consisted of Barry on guitar and vocals, Robin and Maurice on vocals, Paul Frost on drums and Kenny Horrocks on tea-chest bass, and the quintet performed in local theatres in Manchester,[14] their influences at that time such as The Everly Brothers, Cliff Richard and Paul Anka. In May 1958, it was disbanded as Frost and Horrocks left, and the name changed to Wee Johnny Hayes and the Blue Cats. In August 1958, the family travelled to Australia on the same ship as Australian musician Red Symons.[15]

1958–1969: Bee Gees

Main article: Bee Gees

The name was finally changed to Bee Gees, when they lived in Queensland, Australia.[16] The Bee Gees' debut television appearance was in 1960 on Desmond Tester's Strictly for Moderns when they performed "Time Is Passing By".[17] When they signed to Festival Records at the start of 1963 (but they were assigned to Leedon Records) they released their debut single, "The Battle of the Blue and the Grey".[18] Their 1964 single "Claustrophobia" is notable for being the first song that features Gibb as an instrumentalist playing melodica.[19] The first Bee Gees record on which he sang lead was "I Don't Think It's Funny" in 1965.[20] In 1966, he wrote his first song "I Don't Know Why I Bother With Myself" that was credited to himself. Also in 1966, Gibb and his brother Barry took more solo vocals.[21]

"Robin is such a highly strung person, he was bound to snap eventually. We have just come back from holiday but he never moved out of his hotel room. He also went with Barry to Rome and Nairobi. But in both places, while Barry went sightseeing, Robin just stayed in his room writing songs. Robin seems totally unable to relax. He always has to be writing. Yet, instead of sitting back after his songs have been recorded, he immediately turns to new writing. So he gets tense and tired, with the result that he collapsed last week. We may be twins, but I'm not a bit like him."[1]

—Maurice Gibb, press conference, 1968

The group's first period of British success in the late 1960s started with "New York Mining Disaster 1941" and the band added drummer Colin Petersen and guitarist Vince Melouney to make the group as a band. They toured the Europe in 1967 and 1968 as well as US in August 1968. The band's first UK #1 was "Massachusetts" which features Gibb on lead vocal. On the day it reached number one, 5 November 1967, Robin Gibb recalled to The Mail on Sunday on 1 November 2009:

This was a bittersweet victory. The day it went to No. 1, it was Bonfire Night and I was in the Hither Green rail crash in Lewisham. Forty-nine people died and it was one of Britain's worst rail disasters. Luckily I didn't get injured. I remember sitting at the side of the carriage, watching the rain pour down, fireworks go off and blue lights of the ambulances whirring. It was like something out of a Spielberg film. I thought, at least there is one consolation, we have our first UK number one.[22]

Gibb spoke of the effects of seeing injured people being carried into the hospital on stretchers in a 2012 interview, "It all got too much for me. I knew that I couldn’t help anyone, and I couldn’t cope with that. I had to get away from the hospital. So Molly [his then girlfriend] and I checked ourselves out, and went to stay at the London home of Robert Stigwood, our manager, then to my parents’ house in Buckinghamshire. I had a delayed reaction; in the days that followed, I started crying and crying and couldn’t stop".[23]

On 13 June 1968, seven songs were recorded including "Indian Gin and Whisky Dry" all of the songs was credited to Gibb alone just his vocals and guitar and the song was later appeared on Idea. On 27 July 1968, Gibb collapsed and fell unconscious. He later admitted to a London nursing home suffering from nervous exhaustion as the group's American tour was postponed. Gibb later moved to Sussex on 31 July to continue his recuperation. Harley Madison of Hullabaloo also made a comment on Gibb's nervous exhaustion. When Gibb collapsed it was only a few hours before the Bee Gees began the tour. Four dates were cancelled and Gibb had another illness called relapse and had to fly back to England to rest a few days. Gibb co-wrote "Only One Woman", The Marbles' debut and successful hit especially in Europe and New Zealand. The single "I Started a Joke" on which he sang lead and co-wrote made the Bee Gees' debut on the US Top 10. Although Gibb claimed that the melody of the song was inspired by the sounds he heard in a jet engine.[1]

In August, the band started to record Odessa.[24] In January 1969, Gibb co-wrote another Marbles single "The Walls Fell Down" and co-produced the sessions that same month.[4] However, the rivalry with Barry eventually prompted Robin to leave the group and begin a solo career (three months after guitarist Vince Melouney left the band) after his song "Lamplight" was relegated to the B-side of Barry's song "First of May". Meanwhile, there were rumours during this period that he was dealing with drug problems, allegedly leading his parents to threaten legal action to make him a ward of court (the UK age of majority at that time being 21, while Gibb was only 19).[25] The Bee Gees' last recording session with Robin was in February 1969.[4] Gibb's last performance with the group was on The Tom Jones Show and Top of the Pops before leaving the group.

1969–1970: Solo career

On 19 March 1969, he announced that he was leaving the Bee Gees the same day as the band recorded "Tomorrow Tomorrow" and that became their first single without Robin.[4] In his solo career, Gibb was initially successful with a number 2 UK hit, "Saved by the Bell", which sold over one million copies and received a gold disc.[26] As he performs that song on the German TV show Beat-Club. Also in 1969, Gibb co-produced "Love for Living", the song was performed by Clare Torry and was released as a single.[27] He also starts a mini-tour, making television appearances in dozen countries to promote "Saved by the Bell". By 19 July 1969, New Musical Express announced "Tonight, [Robin Gibb] is fronting a 97-piece orchestra and a 60-piece choir in a recording of his latest composition, 'To Heaven And Back' which was inspired by the Apollo 11 moonshot. It is an entirely instrumental piece, with the choir being used for astral effects. The single will be billed as by 'The Robin Gibb Orchestra and Chorus and it will be rush-released as soon as possible by Polydor". At that time, he was doing a musical score for Henry The Eighth and he's making his own film called Family Tree. Later, it was reported on NME that Gibb wrote dozen of songs for Tom Jones, a meeting between Gibb and Jones was said to be arranged for Gibb's return from a three-day promo trip to Germany.[1] On 31 January and 1 February 1970, Gibb performs in Auckland, New Zealand. However, Robin's first solo album, Robin's Reign (1970) was less successful and he soon found that being a solo artist was unsatisfying. Maurice played bass on the song "Mother and Jack", but was subsequently removed from the project by producer Robert Stigwood. Also in that year, Colin Petersen produced "Make a Stranger Your Friend" performed by Jonathan Kelly, on which Gibb sang on the chorus with Mick Taylor, Klaus Voormann, Madeline Bell, three members of The Family Dogg, Jackie Lomax, Peter Sellers, Spike Milligan and others. By January 1970, Gibb started to record his second solo album Sing Slowly Sisters until February but was still unreleased. He wanted "Great Caesar's Ghost" to be release as a single around 1970 with "Engines, Aeroplanes" as the B-side but the two songs was not included on that album and was unreleased until this day.[28]

On 13 June, Gibb and Maurice reunited and they recorded four songs, the two of the four tracks was released on their upcoming album 2 Years On, the session was originally for Maurice alone as he bought Gibb to the sessions. On 21 June sessions, the pair recorded another five songs.[28]

1970–1979: Bee Gees comeback

In August, the pair returned to studio and they announced that the Bee Gees were back, with or without Barry's contribution, one of the fourteen songs, "Back Home" and "I'm Weeping" was also released on 2 Years On. On 21 August, it was announced that Barry rejoined the group and record together, and the first song after the announcement was "Lonely Days" which reached #3 in the US Billboard Hot 100. On the 2 Years On album contains Gibb's compositions including "Alone Again", he also co-wrote and sang lead vocals on the title track as well as "Man For All Seasons". In December 1970, Gibb recorded a demo "After the Laughter".[28] The Bee Gees made their first US #1 single "How Can You Mend a Broken Heart", Gibb contributed on the song, writing with Barry and sang lead vocals on its first verse.[29]

In April 1972, two months after the departure of drummer Geoff Bridgford, he wrote his last solo composition on a Bee Gees record "Never Been Alone" (until 1999).[30] In 1976, on the group's Children of the World album, he sang lead on "Love Me" as well as doing falsetto on the track's coda, and he also used his falsetto on his lead vocal part on the song "Lovers" as Barry provided lead vocals on the entire song. On the Saturday Night Fever soundtrack, he did not sing lead vocals on any Bee Gees song, unlike their previous and next albums. There were four tracks off the album that reached the UK Top 10; "How Deep Is Your Love", "More Than A Woman", "Stayin' Alive", and "You Should Be Dancing". Moreover, "Night Fever" held the top rank in 1978.[31]

In 1978, Gibb performed on the Sesame Street Fever album for the Sesame Street children's TV program. He was one of the singers on the "Sesame Street Fever" title track, he sang a song called "Trash" for the character Oscar the Grouch, and spoke with Cookie Monster at the beginning of "C is for Cookie".[32]

1980–1985: Collaborations with artists

In January 1980, Gibb co-wrote and co-produced with Blue Weaver Jimmy Ruffin's 1980 album Sunrise. Ruffin had enjoyed one of his first significant hits, "Hold On To My Love", from the album Sunrise, which Robin Gibb had written and produced. "Hold On To My Love" had reached and stayed in the US Top 30 hits for 14 years.[33] Also in 1980, he duetted with Marcy Levy on the song "Help Me!" (reached No. 50 in the US) featured on the soundtrack of the film Times Square the other artists were performed on the film, including Gary Numan, Roxy Music, Ramones, The Cure and The Cars. Also in 1980, most of Barbra Streisand's album Guilty was co-written by Gibb with Barry.[34] In February 1981, the Bee Gees returned to the studio and recorded Living Eyes, unlike the previous album, this album was not a successful as their fans described it as a worst album. They then worked on Dionne Warwick's album Heartbreaker and recorded songs for the film Staying Alive.

Initial solo success

He recorded his second solo album with Maurice's participation, How Old Are You?. The lead single "Juliet" was a success in Europe as well as "Another Lonely Night in New York" and the title track. In 1984, he released his fourth solo album Secret Agent, a new wave/synthpop-influenced LP[35][36] (reached No. 97 in the US, No. 31 in Germany and No. 20 in Switzerland) The album's lead and first single "Boys Do Fall in Love" did reach the Billboard Magazine top 40 list of hits, the song reached No. 70 in the UK, No. 7 in South Africa and No. 10 in Italy. Other singles such as the title track and "In Your Diary" did not repeat the success of the first single. Due to the success of "Boys Do Fall in Love", he performed the song in several TV shows including Eldorado (Danish TV).[37]

In 1985, he released his fifth solo album Walls Have Eyes with the singles "Like a Fool" and "Toys", both songs were not charted in the US or UK. These three albums were more successful in Europe than in the UK or US. In 1986, Gibb joined Thompson Twins, Zak Starkey, Cliff Richard, Bonnie Tyler, John Parr and Holly Johnson under the name Anti-Heroin Project to record a charity single called "Live-In World".

1986–2002

In late 1986, the Bee Gees began to writing and recording songs for their album E.S.P. to be released in 1987.[38] In 1992, Lulu recorded "Let Me Wake Up In Your Arms" on which he co-wrote. Gibb later contributed vocals on the Brazilian duo Chitãozinho e Xororó and José y Durval's "Palavras/Palabros" (a Spanish or Portuguese version of "Words").[39] In 1998, the Bee Gees recorded their own version of "Ellan Vannin" with lead vocals by Gibb. It was later released as a single as a limited edition CD to benefit the Manx Children in Need charity.[40] In 2001, the Bee Gees released their last album This Is Where I Came In and features his last composition on a Bee Gees record "Embrace".

2003–2009: Touring years

On 27 January 2003, fifteen days after Maurice's death, Robin released a solo album, Magnet in Germany on SPV GmbH, and worldwide shortly afterwards. Magnet featured the Bee Gees song "Wish You Were Here" (from the 1989 album One) in a new acoustic version. The lead single, "Please", had coincidental lyrics about 'loss'. In recent years, Gibb sang the vocals to the opening titles to the British ITV show The Dame Edna Treatment.[41] In August 2003, Gibb announced the release of a new single of "My Lover's Prayer", a song first recorded by the Bee Gees in 1997 on the album Still Waters, with lead vocals by Gibb and singers Wanya Morris and Lance Bass. That version was played on the radio but was never actually released. In October 2003, Gibb recorded a second version of the song with Alistair Griffin, a-runner up in the UK television program Fame Academy on which Gibb appeared as a judge. In January 2004, the new version of that song was released in the UK as a double A side CD single. It eventually reached number 5 in the UK music charts. In late 2004, Gibb embarked a solo tour of Germany, Russia and Asia with singer Alistair Griffin as the opening act. On his return to the UK, Gibb released a CD and DVD of live recordings from the German leg of the tour, backed by the Frankfurt Neue Philharmonic Orchestra of Frankfurt, Germany. In 2005, Gibb made a solo tour of Latin America.

In January 2005, Gibb joined his brother Barry and several other artists under the name One World Project to record a charity single in aid of Asian tsunami relief, titled "Grief Never Grows Old". Other artists who performed on the single included Boy George, Steve Winwood, Jon Anderson, Rick Wakeman, Sir Cliff Richard, Bill Wyman, America, Kenney Jones, Chicago, Brian Wilson of The Beach Boys, Russell Watson and Davy Spillane. In June 2005, Gibb joined The X Factor runner up band G4 at a sell-out concert at the Royal Albert Hall in London, singing the Bee Gees song "First of May". In December 2005, a recordings of this performance was released as part of double A side single, credited as "G4 feat Robin Gibb" together with G4's cover version of the Johnny Mathis song "When a Child is Born". "First of May" also appeared on the platinum selling album G4 & Friends, which reached number 6 in the UK album charts. In the same year, Gibb presented master classes at Paul McCartney's Liverpool Institute for Performing Arts and oversaw the selection for release of thesis works by music graduates for the next two terms. On 20 February 2006, Gibb and Barry performed at a concert for Diabetes Research Institute of the University of Miami in Hollywood, Florida. This was their first joint performance since Maurice's death.[42] In March 2006, Gibb announced plans for more solo concerts in Shanghai, China and Portugal. In May 2006, Gibb took part in the Prince's Trust 30th birthday Concert at the Tower of London along with Barry. They sang three songs: "Jive Talkin'", "To Love Somebody" and "You Should Be Dancing". In September 2006, Gibb performs at the Miss World 2006 contest finals in Warsaw, Poland. In November 2006, Gibb released his sixth album My Favourite Christmas Carols the last album released in his lifetime, backed by The Serlo Concert, a London choir. This album featured a new song by Gibb called "Mother of Love", which was released in Europe as a download single. The song was inspired by Maurice and was Gibb's new composition since Maurice died. Gibb donated all royalties from "Mother of Love" to the Janki Foundation for Global Healthcare, and dedicated the song to Dadi Janki, the organisation's spiritual leader. Gibb dedicated the album to his mother, Barbara. My Favourite Christmas Carols has a bonus DVD disc titled A Personal Christmas Moment with Robin Gibb. Also in November 2006, Gibb performed a solo concert, entitled 'Bee Gees – Greatest Hits' at the Araneta Coliseum (now Smart Araneta Coliseum) in Manila, Philippines. Gibb marked his return to his birthplace by playing a concert at the Isle of Man TT festival in 2007. Gibb donated all of his share of the money from this concert to the children's ward at Noble's Hospital, Isle of Man, and invited all emergency service staff and marshals for the TT to attend for free. He also was a special guest of the United States Independence Day Concert called "A Capitol Fourth" held on the west lawn of the US Capitol as the lead singer of "How Deep Is Your Love" and "Stayin' Alive".

Gibb performing in Leipzig, Germany in 2009

On 18 May 2008, Gibb released the song "Alan Freeman Days" in tribute to the Australian DJ Alan Freeman. The song was issued as a download only track, although a promotional CD was issued by Academy Recordings. In December 2008, "Alan Freeman Days" was followed by another downloadable song titled "Wing and a Prayer", which shared the same name as a song from the 1989 One album. However, the new song was actually a reworking of the song, "Sing Slowly Sisters", that had remained unreleased since 1970.[43] Later in December, Gibb issued another song, "Ellan Vannin (Home Coming Mix)", featuring the King William's College Choir from the Isle of Man. ("Ellan Vannin" is the Manx name for the Isle of Man.) On 8 September 2007, Gibb performed at a concert in Salt Lake City, Utah at EnergySolutions Arena for the Nu Skin Enterprises Convention, singing a set of Bee Gees hits. On 25 October 2007, Gibb performed at the National Palace of Culture in Sofia, Bulgaria and sang the Bee Gees' most famous songs.

In 2008, Gibb completed a new solo album entitled 50 St. Catherine's Drive, but it was never released until 2014. The song "Instant Love" was a collaboration with Gibb's son, Robin-John both having written the music and vocals. "Instant Love" featuring Robin-John on lead vocals appeared in a short film called Bloodtype: The Search in which Robin-John appeared.[44] On 25 October 2008, to mark the 30th anniversary of the song "Saturday Night Fever" topping the UK charts, Gibb performed with special guests including Ronan Keating, Stephen Gateley, Sam Sparro, Sharleen Spiteri, Gabriella Climi and Bryn Christopher at the London music festival BBC Electric Proms. Gibb went back to the top of the UK charts in 2009 when he collaborated with singers Ruth Jones, Rob Brydon and Tom Jones on a new version of "Islands in the Stream", written by Gibb, Barry and Maurice. The new version, inspired by the BBC comedy TV show Gavin & Stacey, was created to benefit the charity Comic Relief.[45]

2010–2012: Final years

In 2010, Gibb was also a guest mentor on the Australian version of The X Factor, alongside TV host Kyle Sandilands, actress/singer Natalie Imbruglia, and singers Ronan Keating and Guy Sebastian.[46] Also in 2010, Gibb toured in Australia with Bonnie Tyler as his supporting guest.[47] Together they performed at Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane and Perth.[48] In September 2011, Gibb recorded the Bee Gees classic "I've Gotta Get a Message to You" with British Army men The Soldiers for a charity single in the UK, it was produced with his son Robin John Gibb and the video for which was produced by Vintage TV.[49] Gibb was the subject of an edition of the BBC genealogy documentary series Who Do You Think You Are? first broadcast on 21 September 2011.[50] On 30 January 2012, Gibb announced his intention to appear on stage at the Coming Home Concert at the London Palladium in February to benefit British soldiers returning home from Afghanistan.[51][52] It would be his last performance on stage.[9] Over a period of two years, Gibb and Robin-John wrote the score for The Titanic Requiem, recorded by Royal Philharmonic Orchestra to commemorate the 100th Anniversary of the sinking of the Titanic.[53] Gibb was due to attend the piece's premier on 10 April 2012 at the Central Hall, Westminster, London but his failing health kept him away.[54] He died the next month."

Personal life

In 1968 Gibb married Molly Hullis, a secretary in Robert Stigwood's organisation. They had two children together, Spencer (b. 1972) and Melissa (b. 1974). The couple divorced in 1980 after years of living separate lives, as Hullis filed for divorce on 22 May 1980, with Gibb almost permanently in the US and Hullis remaining in the UK.[55] On 9 September 1983, Gibb was arrested and sentenced to 14 days in prison for speaking to the press about his previous marriage in breach of a Court Order.

Gibb's second marriage, from 1985 until his death,[56] was to Dwina Murphy, an author and artist. She is interested in the Druidry religion and is a follower of the neo-Hindu Brahma Kumaris movement. The couple had a son, Robin-John (known as RJ (b. 1983). Robin-John's first major musical project is the Titanic Requiem (2012), written with Gibb and first performed at the Central Hall, Westminster, London, on 10 April 2012, by the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra and RSVP Voices. [57]

Gibb had an eight-year affair with his housekeeper Claire Yang that produced his fourth child, Snow Evelyn Robin Juliet Gibb born 4 November 2008.[56][58]

Gibb and his wife divided their time between their homes in Peel, Isle of Man, their mansion in Miami, Florida [59] and their main residence in Thame, Oxfordshire.[60]

On 10 March 1988, younger brother Andy died in Oxford, England, of myocarditis.[61] On 12 January 2003, twin brother Maurice died in Miami Beach, Florida, of complications from a twisted intestine.

Politically, Gibb was a supporter of New Labour, the British Labour Party under Tony Blair. He launched a rally in Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, ahead of the 2005 General Election.[62] He was a close friend of the former Labour Prime Minister Tony Blair, who was criticised for staying over at Gibb's Miami mansion during Christmas 2006.[63] In 2008 Gibb publicly stated that he continued to get on "like a house on fire" with Blair, and claimed that the then Labour Prime Minister Gordon Brown regularly listened to the Bee Gees.[64] "He listens to our music every day. Gordon likes our music and I like Gordon," he told The Times.[65] In a tribute upon his death, longtime friend Tony Blair said: "Robin was not only an exceptional and extraordinary musician and songwriter, he was a highly intelligent, interesting and committed human being. He was a great friend with a wonderful open and fertile mind and a student of history and politics."[66][67]

Robin Gibb worked on behalf of several charities. He was the organiser of the Sunseeker Ball in aid of the Outward Bound Trust. For the International Confederation of Societies of Authors and Composers (CISAC), Gibb served as president from 2007 to 2012.[68] He was also the longest serving president (2008–2011) of the Heritage Foundation, which honours figures of British culture and facilitated his campaign on behalf of the Bomber Command Memorial Appeal.[69][70]

Health problems and death

On 14 August 2010, while performing in Belgium, Gibb began to feel abdominal pains. On 18 August, at an Oxford hospital, he underwent emergency surgery for a blocked intestine, the same condition that his brother, Maurice, suffered from (Maurice died following surgery for the condition).[71] Gibb recovered and returned to perform concerts in New Zealand and Australia. During this time, Gibb was also involved in promoting fund-raising for the memorial dedicated to RAF Bomber Command in Green Park, London. Gibb also wrote The Titanic Requiem with his son Robin-John, which was recorded by the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the sinking of the Titanic in 2012.[72] Gibb continued to make television appearances and other events following his surgery, but in April 2011 he was forced by health problems to cancel his tour of Brazil.[71] Another concert in Paris was cancelled in October 2011. On 14 October, Gibb was due to perform the charity single with the Soldiers, but was again rushed to hospital with severe abdominal pains.[73] On 18 October, following his release from the hospital, Gibb appeared on ITV's The Alan Titchmarsh Show looking gaunt and frail.[74]

On 27 October 2011, Gibb cancelled an appearance only minutes before he was due to perform at the Poppy Appeal Concert in London.[75] Later the same week however, Gibb was seen in London and quoted as saying he felt "absolutely great".[76]

In November 2011, he was diagnosed with colorectal cancer, which had metastasised to his liver several months earlier.[77] In an interview published in The Mail on Sunday on 22 January 2012, Gibb spoke for the first time of the cancer.

"For more than 18 months, I had lived with an inflammation of the colon; then I was diagnosed with colon cancer, which spread to the liver. I have undergone chemotherapy, however, and the results — to quote my doctor — have been 'spectacular'. It’s taken a toll, naturally, but the strange thing is that I've never felt seriously ill. I’ve mostly felt great. There have been many false claims around, which I'd like to dispel. I am not and have never been 'at death's door'. Nor do I have a team of alternative doctors working on my health. That's not true, although I'm not averse to healthy remedies for any illness. I feel they can go together with conventional medicine. I do eat health foods and drink herbal teas made for me by Dwina, my wife and RJ's mother. Other than that, I am under the care of Dr. Peter Harper at The London Clinic".[78]

In March 2012, Gibb was hospitalised for intestinal surgery and cancelled scheduled appearances while recovering.[79][80] In April, however, he contracted pneumonia and fell into a coma.[81][82] Although he came out of his coma later in April,[83] his colorectal cancer had advanced[84] and he died in London on 20 May 2012 at the age of 62 from liver and kidney failure.[8][10][85] His funeral was held on 8 June 2012 and he was buried at the Church of St Mary the Virgin, near his home in Thame, Oxfordshire.[86][87] In September of the same year, a blue plaque was placed on the house.[88]

Reactions

Barry Gibb and his brother Robin had famously clashed personally and professionally for decades before his death, and that conflict lasted to the end. Nonetheless, Barry delivered a eulogy at his brother’s funeral saying: “Even right up to the end we found conflict with each other, which now means nothing. It just means nothing. If there’s conflict in your lives - get rid of it.”

At Robin’s funeral, Barry talked about the connection between Robin and his twin brother Maurice, saying, “they were both beautiful and now they’re together.” Barry added details about Robin’s struggle losing his brother Maurice a decade earlier. Barry Gibb said: “I think the greatest pain for Robin in the past 10 years was losing his twin brother, and I think it did all kinds of things to him.”

The Who's Roger Daltrey recalled: "A lovely, lovely guy. I hear everyone talking about the success of their career but I haven't heard many talk about him as a singer and I used to think he was one of the best. To me, singing is about moving people and Robin's voice had something about it that could move me and, I'm sure, millions of others. It was almost like his heart was on the outside." John Travolta recalled, "I thought Robin was one of the most wonderful people, gifted, generous and a real friend to everyone he knew. And we'll miss him."[89] Tim Rice described Gibb as "a charming man". Rice added: "I saw him only a couple of weeks ago, He wasn't at all well but was putting up a marvellous fight. It's a terrible loss for the music industry." Gibb's friend Cliff Richard said, "We are a fraternity of people who sing pop and rock and Robin is another one of us who's gone too soon, too early." Ringo Starr told the BBC: "Robin will be remembered as a musician and as a singer and part of the Bee Gees." Dionne Warwick said: "He was wonderful. He was a jokester. He had an incredibly witty sense of humour and was fun to be around."[90]

Kenny Rogers recalled: "Robin was a part of something unique. Mostly, Robin was a good guy who didn't deserve to die this young. We will all miss him for what he was as a person and what he brought to music."[90] Other artists paid tribute to Gibb including Justin Timberlake (who played Robin in the SNL skit The Barry Gibb Talk Show), Ronan Keating, Liam Gallagher, Hanson, David Dramain of Disturbed, Atmosphere, Paula Abdul, Jake Shears of The Scissor Sisters, Jermaine Dupri, Peter Frampton, Adam Hills, Peter Andre, Richard Marx, Taboo of The Black Eyed Peas, The Doors, Bruno Mars, Sam Sparro, Elton John, Jamey Jasta of Hatebreed, Duran Duran, The Script and Bryan Adams.[91]

Aftermath

His final studio album 50 St. Catherine's Drive was released posthumously on 29 September 2014 in the UK and 30 September 2014 in the US, the album reached #70 in the UK and #39 in Germany, the album features his unreleased recordings from 2007 and mostly in 2008 while the others were previously released. The lead single "Days of Wine and Roses" was premiered in the United States earlier on 12 September.[92] While on the other hand, Reprise Records issued a new version of "I Am the World" from the album as a single in the UK.[93] Gibb's first compilation album entitled, Saved By The Bell – The Collected Works of Robin Gibb: 1969-70 was released in May 2015 and contained Gibb's songs between 1969 and 1970 including demos of songs that were sung by the Bee Gees and the unreleased material from Sing Slowly Sisters.[94]

Acclaim and recognition

Blue plaque of the Heritage Foundation commemorating Robin Gibb at his home (The Prebendal) in Thame, Oxfordshire

In 1994, Gibb was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame at the Grammy Museum in Los Angeles, California. In 1997, Gibb was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in Cleveland, Ohio, US as a member of the Bee Gees. At the 1997 BRIT Awards held in Earls Court, London on 24 February, the Bee Gees received the award for Outstanding Contribution to Music.[95]

In the New Year Honours 2002 Gibb was appointed as a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) along with his brothers Maurice and Barry. However, the official presentation ceremony at Buckingham Palace in London was delayed until 2004 due to Maurice's death.[6]

In May 2004, Gibb and his brother Barry both received honorary doctorates of music from The University of Manchester, England.[96] In 2005, Gibb received the Steiger Award (Miner Award) in Bochum, Germany for accomplishments in the arts. On 10 July 2009, both brothers were also made Freemen of the Borough of Douglas, Isle of Man. The award was also bestowed posthumously on Maurice, therefore confirming the freedom of the town of their birth to Gibb, Barry and Maurice.[97]

The radio and television presenter Paul Gambaccini has stated that the Bee Gees were "second only to Lennon and McCartney as the most successful songwriting unit in British popular music", and recognised Gibb as "one of the major figures in the history of British music [and] one of the best white soul voices ever".[8] Gibb was a fellow of the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors (BASCA).[98]

Discography

Filmography

List of acting performances in film and television
Year Title Role Notes
1968 Frankie Howerd Meets the Bee Gees Himself TV series
1978 Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band Dave Henderson film

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Hughes, Andrew. The Bee Gees - Tales of the Brothers Gibb. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
  2. ↑ V. Bogdanov, C. Woodstra and S. T. Erlewine, All Music Guide to Rock: the Definitive Guide to Rock, Pop, and Soul (Milwaukee, WI: Backbeat Books, 3rd edn., 2002), ISBN 0-87930-653-X, pp. 85-6.
  3. ↑ "Bee Gees on AllMusic". AllMusic. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Brennan, Joseph. "Gibb Songs: 1969". Retrieved 17 May 2013.
  5. ↑ David Browne (20 May 2012). "Robin Gibb, Bee Gees Co-Founder, Dead at 62". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  6. 1 2 3 "'Bitter-sweet' trip to palace for Bee Gees". Telegraph.co.uk. 28 May 2004. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  7. ↑ Kellerman, Andy. "Robin Gibb." Allmusic.com. Retrieved 13 August 2009.
  8. 1 2 3 "Bee Gees' singer Robin Gibb dies after cancer battle". BBC News. 20 May 2012. Retrieved 20 May 2012.
  9. 1 2 "Bee Gees star Robin Gibb dies after cancer battle". Telegraph.co.uk. 21 May 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  10. 1 2 "Gibb died from kidney, liver failure". Toronto Sun. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  11. ↑ "Robin Gibb death: Isle of Man charity pays tribute". Bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 17 May 2013.
  12. ↑ "Featured Articles – Robin Gibb". TheGenealogist.co.uk. 22 December 1949. Retrieved 2012-11-10.
  13. ↑ Olga Craig (13 July 2008). "Robin Gibb: a Bee Gee's secret history". The Telegraph. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  14. 1 2 "Bee Gees honoured at home". Manchester Evening News. 25 July 2009. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
  15. ↑ "Surviving Bee Gees collect CBEs". News.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  16. ↑ OMalley, Brendon (11 January 2009). "Bee Gees real Brisbane music pioneers". Courier Mail. Retrieved 16 February 2011.
  17. ↑ "BEE GEES [1960]". You Tube. Retrieved 12 July 2014.
  18. ↑ Brennan, Joseph. "Gibb Songs: 1963". Retrieved 12 July 2014.
  19. ↑ Brennan, Joseph. "Gibb Songs: 1964". Retrieved 12 July 2014.
  20. ↑ Brennan, Joseph. "Gibb Songs: 1965". Retrieved 12 July 2014.
  21. ↑ Brennan, Joseph. "Gibb Songs: 1966". Retrieved 12 July 2014.
  22. ↑ "Massachusetts by Bee Gees Songfacts". Songfacts.com. 2009-11-01. Retrieved 2014-04-06.
  23. ↑ "'How my obsession with the Titanic has helped save my life,' says cancer-stricken Robin Gibb working with his son on orchestral requiem to those who perished". Mail Online. Retrieved 5 December 2014
  24. ↑ Brennan, Joseph. "Gibb Songs: 1968". Retrieved 17 May 2013.
  25. ↑ ""Robin Gibb: A Somewhat Sleazy Bee Gee", London Evening Standard, 29 December 2006". The Evening Standard. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  26. ↑ Murrells, Joseph (1978). The Book of Golden Discs (2nd ed.). London: Barrie and Jenkins Ltd. p. 259. ISBN 0-214-20512-6.
  27. ↑ Joseph Brennan. "Gibb Songs: 1969".
  28. 1 2 3 Brennan, Joseph. "Gibb Songs: 1970". Retrieved 21 May 2013.
  29. ↑ Brennan, Joseph. "Gibb Songs: 1971". Retrieved 12 July 2014.
  30. ↑ Brennan, Joseph. "Gibb Songs: 1972". Retrieved 12 July 2014.
  31. ↑ "Saturday Night Fever".
  32. ↑ Brennan, Joseph. "Gibb Songs: 1978". Retrieved 21 March 2013.
  33. ↑ ["Ruffin, Jimmy." Encyclopedia of Popular Music, 4th ed. Ed. Colin Larkin. Oxford Music Online.Oxford University Press. Web. 14 Feb. 2016. "Ruffin, Jimmy"] Check |url= value (help).
  34. ↑ Brennan, Joseph. "Gibb Songs: 1980". Retrieved 21 May 2013.
  35. ↑ Ian Jones. "Mirror.co.uk". mirror. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  36. ↑ "Legacy.com". Legacy.com. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  37. ↑ "Robin Gibb - Boys Do Fall In Love (Danish TV) - ((STEREO))". You Tube. Retrieved 5 December 2014.
  38. ↑ Joseph Brennan. "Gibb Songs: 1986".
  39. ↑ Brennan, Joseph. "Gibb Songs: 1992". Retrieved 5 December 2014.
  40. ↑ Brennan, Joseph. "Gibb Songs: 1998". Retrieved 5 December 2014.
  41. ↑ "Bee Gees singer Robin Gibb dead at 62". The Hamilton Spectator. Metroland Media Group. 20 May 2012. Retrieved 21 May 2012.
  42. ↑ "Barry and Robin Gibb reunite for Miami charity concert". SouthBenTribune.com. 20 February 2006. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
  43. ↑ "Wing and a prayer". RobinGibb.com. 9 December 2008. Archived from the original on 12 December 2008. Retrieved 22 May 2012.
  44. ↑ http://www.robingibb.com/secure/audio/instant_love_exclusive_clip?cmdr=auth/ok. Retrieved 30 August 2009. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  45. ↑ "Comic Relief Top UK Charts". Billboard. 14 September 2009. Retrieved 10 April 2012.
  46. ↑ "Robin Gibb dies aged 62". What's on TV. IPC Media. 21 May 2012. Retrieved 22 May 2012.
  47. ↑ "Robin Gibb, Supported by Bonnie Tyler". Sandalford.com.au. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  48. ↑ "Robin Gibb announces Australian tour". The Age. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  49. ↑ "The soldiers and Robin Gibb's official poppy appeal single". Express.co.uk. London. 27 October 2011. Retrieved 27 October 2011.
  50. ↑ "BBC One – Who Do You Think You Are?, Series 8, Robin Gibb". BBC. 20 December 2011. Retrieved 15 May 2012.
  51. ↑ "Robin Gibb: I'm determined to sing at Royal Palladium in support of British troops". dailyrecord. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  52. ↑ "Robin Gibb in coma and fighting for his life". Daily Telegraph. 16 April 2012. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
  53. ↑ Rachel Kaufman (1 February 2011). "Robin Gibb answers health quiz". Daily Mail. Retrieved 10 April 2012.
  54. ↑ O'Mahoney, Jennifer (14 April 2012). "Bee Gees' Robin Gibb fights for life with pneumonia". The Independent. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
  55. ↑ "Robin Gibb: A somewhat sleazy Bee Gee". London Evening Standard. 29 December 2006. Retrieved 15 April 2012.
  56. 1 2 "Telegraph obituary". Telegraph.co.uk. 21 May 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  57. ↑ Ivan Hewett (11 April 2012). "Ivan Hewett, "Titanic Requiem, Central Hall, Westminster, review", The Telegraph, 15 April 2012". Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  58. ↑ Colin Fernandez (9 February 2009). "Straying Alive! Married Bee Gee Robin Gibb has baby with live-in housekeeper 26 years his junior". Daily Mail. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
  59. ↑ "Ailing Bee Gee Robin Gibb Puts Stunning Miami Mansion on the Market: Take A Peek Inside". Radar Online. 10 November 2011. Retrieved 2012-11-10.
  60. ↑ "The PM's wife, the Druid priestess and the no-sex guru | News". Evening Standard. London. Retrieved 29 October 2011.
  61. ↑ "Andy Gibb Death Cause | Gibb's Death Tied to Natural Causes". Los Angeles Times. 12 March 1988. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
  62. ↑ "UK | UK Politics | PM 'paying' for Bee Gee home stay". BBC News. 28 December 2006. Retrieved 21 November 2011.
  63. ↑ Will Woodward and Richard Luscombe in Miami (29 December 2006). "Miami price: Blair feels the heat | Politics". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 31 December 2011.
  64. ↑ "Gordon Brown: Fan of the Bee Gees?". Metro.co.uk. 16 May 2008. Retrieved 21 May 2012.
  65. ↑ Updated 1:35 pm 21 May 2012 (11 August 2009). "Tributes paid after Bee Gees star Robin Gibb loses cancer fight – Showbiz – Life & Style". WalesOnline. Retrieved 21 May 2012.
  66. ↑ "Bee Gees' Robin Gibb remembered by Tony Blair, Ringo Starr and others". Cbsnews.com. 21 May 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  67. ↑ Archived 24 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
  68. ↑ "Official Site of the International Confederation of Societies of Authors and Composers (CISAC).". Copyrightsummit.com. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  69. ↑ Archived 28 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
  70. ↑ "Official Site of The Bomber Command Memorial Appeal.". Bombercommand.com. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  71. 1 2 "Bee Gees star Robin Gibb axes string of live dates after being rushed to hospital". Daily Mail. London. 5 April 2011. Retrieved 27 October 2011.
  72. ↑ "Robin Gibb too ill to attend Titanic concert". The Telegraph. 11 April 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
  73. ↑ Bull, Sarah (19 October 2011). "Bee Gees star Robin Gibb discharged from hospital and 'keen to get back to work' after colon inflammation". Daily Mail. London. Retrieved 27 October 2011.
  74. ↑ Bryant, Tom (25 October 2011). "Bee Gees star Robin Gibb's brave battle against crippling illness". Daily Mirror. London. Retrieved 27 October 2011.
  75. ↑ Boyle, Simon (28 October 2011). "Bee Gees Robin Gibb: fresh fears for star after he pulls out of charity event". Daily Mirror. London. Retrieved 4 November 2011.
  76. ↑ McCormack, Kirsty (31 October 2011). "Positive thinking: A frail-looking Robin Gibb is feeling 'great' as he hopes to top the charts again". Daily Mail. London. Retrieved 4 November 2011.
  77. ↑ "Bee Gee Robin Gibb: frail singer is battling liver cancer". Daily Mirror. Retrieved 20 November 2011.
  78. ↑ "'How my obsession with the Titanic has helped save my life,' says cancer-stricken Robin Gibb working with his son on orchestral requiem to those who perished". Mail on Sunday. London. 22 January 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2012.
  79. ↑ "Robin Gibb of the Bee Gees hospitalized for intestinal surgery". Los Angeles Times. 28 March 2012.
  80. ↑ Josh Grossberg (28 March 2012). "Bee Gees Crooner Robin Gibb Back in Hospital for More Surgery". E!.
  81. ↑ "Family Vigil As Robin Gibb Fights For Life". SkyNews. 15 April 2012. Retrieved 21 May 2012.
  82. ↑ Donnelly, Laura (14 April 2012). "Robin Gibb in coma and fighting for his life". The Telegraph. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
  83. ↑ "Robin Gibb Making Good Progress". Tvnz.co.nz. Retrieved 15 May 2012.
  84. ↑ "Bee Gees star Robin Gibb has advanced colorectal cancer, doctor says". Sydney Morning Herald. 23 April 2012. Retrieved 23 April 2012.
  85. ↑ "Robin Gibb, Bee Gees Co-Founder, Dies at 62". TIME.com. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  86. ↑ "Robin Gibb: Bee Gees singer's funeral held in Thame". BBC News. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  87. ↑ "Heart Like Mine... Barry Gibb pays tribute to his late brother Robin Gibb with a touching video montage". Mail Online. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  88. ↑ "Blue plaque placed on the Prebendal. Accessed 13 January 2013". Flickr. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  89. ↑ "Robin Gibb: Roger Daltrey and Celine Dion pay tribute". BBC News. Retrieved 28 May 2013.
  90. 1 2 "Robin Gibb: Music stars pay tribute to Bee Gees singer". BBC News. Retrieved 28 May 2013.
  91. ↑ Tijs, Andrew. "Musicians Pay Tribute To Robin Gibb Of The Bee Gees". Noise. Retrieved 28 May 2013.
  92. ↑ Graff, Gary (12 September 2014). "Robin Gibb Song Premiere: Hear 'Days of Wine and Roses' from His Final LP". Billboard. Retrieved 8 March 2015.
  93. ↑ "Robin Gibb - I Am the World". Discogs. Retrieved 8 March 2015.
  94. ↑ Furness, Hannah (April 14, 2015). "'Lost' Robin Gibb album to be released thanks to fans". The Telegraph. Retrieved 16 April 2015.
  95. ↑ "1997 Brit Awards". Brits.co.uk. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  96. ↑ "Bee Gees go back to their roots". BBC News. 12 May 2004. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
  97. ↑ "Bee Gees honoured as Manx freemen". News.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  98. ↑ "Fellows – The British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors". Basca.org.uk. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
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