Pungi

A man playing pungi in the street

The pungi (Hindi: पुंगी), also called the been, is a wind instrument played by snake charmers in India and Pakistan. The instrument consists of a mouth-blown air reservoir made from a gourd, which channels air into two reedpipes. The pungi is played with no pauses, with the player employing circular breathing. The pungi originated in India and is still played by snake charmers in street performances.

History

The pungi was originally developed as an Indian folk music instrument, and is still important for religious purposes and music in India. The pungi was popular in the Badagutittū about fifty years ago. However, prior to this it derived from Indian folk music and was used for religious purposes for snake charming.^[1]

Construction

A pungi or been.

The pungi is traditionally made from a dried bottle gourd. Often, the neck of the gourd is carved for aesthetic reasons. On the other end, two reed or bamboo pipes are connected. These are known as the jivala. One of the pipes has seven holes and plays the melody; the other pipe is for drone. The jivala is fitted to the gourd with beeswax, which can be adjusted for pitch modification.^[1]

Usage

Indian musical practices often coincide with religious ideals. An example would be the comprehensive practice of mantra incantation, which can be defined as a succession of syllables (with or without meaning) used to create prayer to a supernatural force or deity. The pungi is believed to be one of the many ways in which one can communicate with the gods through devotional genres.^[2]

See also

• Hulusi, a similar Chinese instrument

References

1. 1 2 Chhau, Mahakali pyakhan and Yakshagana. Dance and Music in South Asian Drama. Tokyo, Japan: The Japan Foundation 1983.
2. ↑ Ranade, Ashok D. South Asia: The Indian Subcontinent. The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music, 2000 Ed., Volume 5 “Transmission of Nonclassical Traditions”.

External links

• Cobra Dance at Negombo Beach

Indian musical instruments
Wind (Sushir)	Bansuri Harmonium Kombu Nadaswaram Pungi Shankha Shehnai Shruti box Venu
Plucked Stringed (Tat)	Dotara Ektara Gottuvadhyam Mohan veena Pena Rudra veena Santoor Saraswati veena Sarod Sitar Surbahar Swaramandal Tanpura Veena Vichitra Veena Yazh
Bowed Stringed (Vitat)	Dilruba Esraj Sarangi Sarinda Seni Rebab Taus Carnatic Violin
Membranous Percussion (Avanaddh)	Chande Chenda Damaru Dhak Duggi Dhol/Sandhal Dholak Dholki Edakka Kanjira Khamak Khol Madal Mizhav Mridangam Nagada Pakhawaj Parai Sambal Tabla Tavil
Non-Membranous Percussion (Ghan)	Chimta Ghatam Ghungroo Jaltarang Kartal Khartal Manjira Morsing
Other	Bharatiya Sangeet Vadya Gamaka Indian classical music Jivari Meend