Provideniya

Provideniya (English)
Провидения (Russian)
Гуврэл (Chukchi)
-  Urban-type settlement[1]  -

View of Provideniya from Komsomolskaya Bay

Location of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in Russia
Provideniya
Location of Provideniya in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
Coordinates: 64°25′24″N 173°13′33″W / 64.42333°N 173.22583°W / 64.42333; -173.22583Coordinates: 64°25′24″N 173°13′33″W / 64.42333°N 173.22583°W / 64.42333; -173.22583
Administrative status (as of June 2012)
Country Russia
Federal subject Chukotka Autonomous Okrug[1]
Administrative district Providensky District[1]
Administrative center of Providensky District[1]
Municipal status (as of October 2010)
Municipal district Providensky Municipal District[2]
Urban settlement Provideniya Urban Settlement[2]
Administrative center of Providensky Municipal District,[2] Provideniya Urban Settlement[2]
Head[3] Dmitry Olkhovik[3]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 1,970 inhabitants[4]
Population (January 2016 est.) 2,820 inhabitants[5]
Time zone PETT (UTC+12:00)[6]
Founded May 10, 1946[3]
Urban-type settlement status since April 25, 1957[3]
Postal code(s)[7] 689251
Provideniya on Wikimedia Commons

Provideniya (Russian: Провиде́ния, lit. of providence; Chukchi: Гуврэл) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Providensky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located on Komsomolskaya Bay (a part of Provideniya Bay) in the northeastern part of the autonomous okrug, across the Bering Strait from Alaska, and very close to the International Date Line. Population: 1,970 (2010 Census);[4] 2,723 (2002 Census);[8] 5,432 (1989 Census).[9]

Geography

Provideniya is a former Soviet military port, sited on a fjord sheltered from the Bering Sea. The largest inhabited locality east of Anadyr, it was established as a port to serve the eastern end of the Northern Sea Route.[3] The port is found in Komsomolskaya Bay (named after the Soviet Komsomol youth organization), a part of the much larger Provideniya Bay, providing a suitable deep water harbor for Russian ships, close to the southern limits of the winter ice fields.

History

Provideniya, Provideniya Bay, and surrounding area

After discovery in 1660 of Providence Bay by the Russian expedition led by Kurbata Ivanov, the surrounding waters became a regular site for wintering fishing, whaling, and merchant ships. In the early 20th century, with the beginning of the development of the Northern Sea Route along the coast of the bay, a coal depot was constructed for refueling ships heading west back across the Arctic and in 1933 the first buildings of the future seaport were constructed in what would later become the settlement of Provideniya.[3] In 1937, with the arrival of a convoy with building materials for the construction company Providenstroy, active construction of the port and the settlement began.[3] On May 10, 1946, the settlement of Provideniya was officially established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR.[3] The settlement continued to grow quickly and military units began to be deployed here.[3] On April 25, 1957, it was granted work settlement status.[3] In 1975, it was planned to grow the settlement into a town with a population of twelve thousand and to rename it "Dezhnyov". However, social and economic upheavals in the post-Soviet period left these plans unfulfilled and in the period from 1994 to 2002 no construction was undertaken at all.[3]

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Provideniya serves as the administrative center of Providensky District, to which it is directly subordinated.[1] As a municipal division, the urban-type settlement of Provideniya is incorporated within Providensky Municipal District as Provideniya Urban Settlement.[2]

Economy and infrastructure

There is a technical school, one functioning movie theater, a post office, a museum of Chukotka history and culture, one of the only two ski slopes in Chukotka, a bakery complex, and port facilities.

Transportation

The settlement is served by the Provideniya Bay Airport, the closest Russian airport to the United States.

Provideniya is sometimes referred to as the Doorway to the Arctic, and since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, tourism from nearby Alaska has given the local economy a significant boost. Bering Air, an Alaskan airline, offers charter services to the Provideniya Bay Airport from both Nome and Anchorage. Alaska Airlines made a Friendship Flight to Provideniya in July 1988. Chukotavia provides flights to Anadyr.

High-sprung transports connect the settlement's concrete slabbed main street with outlying destinations along the fjord and coast.

Demographics

A significant proportion of the settlement's current residents are Yupik, reflecting the high percentage of indigenous peoples in both Providensky and Chukotsky Districts.

Climate

Provideniya has an Arctic climate, although winters are not as severe due to the coastal location and colorful flowers help bring the tundra to life during the summer. Winter temperatures are significantly higher than at other places within Chukotka such as Uelen and Ushakovskoye, because it is a more southerly settlement with greater maritime influence from the Bering Sea, as is the case with nearby Nome in the US, which has similar winter conditions. Summers are generally cool and the settlement receives heavy rainfall, especially when low pressure systems move northwards from the Pacific Ocean.

Climate data for Provideniya
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 7.2
(45)		 2.8
(37)		 2.2
(36)		 5.0
(41)		 15.0
(59)		 18.9
(66)		 22.2
(72)		 22.2
(72)		 15.0
(59)		 12.2
(54)		 3.9
(39)		 2.8
(37)		 22.2
(72)
Average high °C (°F) −10
(14)		 −12.8
(9)		 −9.4
(15.1)		 −5.6
(21.9)		 2.2
(36)		 8.3
(46.9)		 11.7
(53.1)		 11.1
(52)		 6.7
(44.1)		 0.0
(32)		 −3.3
(26.1)		 −11.1
(12)		 −1.2
(29.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) −12.5
(9.5)		 −15.6
(3.9)		 −13.1
(8.4)		 −9.2
(15.4)		 −0.6
(30.9)		 5.3
(41.5)		 8.9
(48)		 8.6
(47.5)		 4.5
(40.1)		 −1.7
(28.9)		 −6.7
(19.9)		 −13.3
(8.1)		 −3.8
(25.2)
Average low °C (°F) −15
(5)		 −18.3
(−0.9)		 −16.7
(1.9)		 −12.8
(9)		 −3.3
(26.1)		 2.2
(36)		 6.1
(43)		 6.1
(43)		 2.2
(36)		 −3.3
(26.1)		 −8.3
(17.1)		 −15.6
(3.9)		 −6.4
(20.5)
Record low °C (°F) −35
(−31)		 −35
(−31)		 −37.8
(−36)		 −28.9
(−20)		 −17.8
(0)		 −3.9
(25)		 0.0
(32)		 0.0
(32)		 −11.1
(12)		 −13.9
(7)		 −28.9
(−20)		 −32.8
(−27)		 −37.8
(−36)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 95.8
(3.772)		 57.9
(2.28)		 55.9
(2.201)		 53.6
(2.11)		 51.6
(2.031)		 39.1
(1.539)		 74.4
(2.929)		 90.2
(3.551)		 84.3
(3.319)		 82.6
(3.252)		 77.2
(3.039)		 64.3
(2.531)		 826.9
(32.554)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 9.7 5.3 7.1 7.1 7.2 5.2 8.3 11.1 10.0 6.3 9.1 9.1 95.5
Mean monthly sunshine hours 12.4 84.7 173.6 204.0 189.1 216.0 182.9 130.2 114.0 71.3 27.0 3.1 1,408.3
Source #1: Sistema de Clasificación Bioclimática Mundial[10]
Source #2: allmetsat.com (sunshine hours)[11]

See also

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Directive #517-rp
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Law #45-OZ
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Official website of Providensky District. Urban and Rural Settlements (Russian)
  4. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  5. ↑ Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Численность постоянного населения Чукотского автономного округа по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2016 года (Russian)
  6. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  7. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
  8. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  9. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  10. ↑ "Russia — Bukhta Provideni". Centro de Investigaciones Fitosociológicas. Retrieved November 2, 2010.
  11. ↑ "Provideniya, Russia". allmetsat.com. Retrieved November 2, 2010.

Sources

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