Prince Su
| Prince Su of the First Rank | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 和碩肅親王 | ||||||||
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| Simplified Chinese | 和硕肃亲王 | ||||||||
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| Prince Xian of the First Rank | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 和碩顯親王 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 和硕显亲王 | ||||||||
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Prince Su of the First Rank (Manchu: ᡩᠣᡵᠣᠨ
ᡶᠠᡶᡠᠩᡤᡠ
ᠴᡳᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ; hošoi fafunggu cin wang), or simply Prince Su, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). It was also one of the 12 "iron-cap" princely peerages in the Qing dynasty, which meant that the title could be passed down without being downgraded.
The first bearer of the title was Hooge (1609–1648), the eldest son of Huangtaiji, the second ruler of the Qing dynasty. He was awarded the title in 1636 by his father. The peerage was renamed to Prince Xian of the First Rank (Prince Xian) when it was passed on to Hooge's son, Fushou (died 1669), in 1651. It was also given "iron-cap" status later on. In 1778, when Yunzhu (died 1778) was holding the title, the Qianlong Emperor renamed it back to "Prince Su of the First Rank". The peerage was passed down over ten generations and held by 11 persons – eight as Prince Su, and three as Prince Xian.
Members of the Prince Su / Prince Xian peerage
- Hooge (1609–1648), Huangtaiji's eldest son, held the title Prince Su of the First Rank from 1636 to 1648, posthumously honoured as Prince Suwu of the First Rank (肅武親王)
- Fushou (富綬; died 1669), Hooge's fourth son, held the title Prince Xian of the First Rank from 1651 to 1669, posthumously honoured as Prince Xianque of the First Rank (顯愨親王)
- Danzhen (丹臻; died 1702), Fushou's fourth son, held the title Prince Xian of the First Rank from 1670 to 1702, posthumously honoured as Prince Xianmi of the First Rank (顯密親王)
- Yanhuang (衍潢; died 1771), Danzhen's sixth son, held the title Prince Xian of the First Rank from 1702 to 1771, posthumously honoured as Prince Xianjin of the First Rank (顯謹親王)
- Baichali (拜察禮; died 1708), Fushou's fifth son, posthumously honoured as Prince Xian of the First Rank
- Yunzhu (蘊著; died 1778), Baichali's third son, held the title Prince Xian of the First Rank from 1772 to 1778, had his title renamed to Prince Su of the First Rank in 1778, posthumously honoured as Prince Suqin of the First Rank (肅勤親王)
- Chengxin (成信; died 1758), Danzhen's second son, posthumously honoured as Prince Su of the First Rank
- Yongxi (永錫; died 1821), Chengxin's fifth son, held the title Prince Su of the First Rank from 1778 to 1821, posthumously honoured as Prince Sugong of the First Rank (肅恭親王)
- Jingmin (敬敏; died 1852), Yongxi's eldest son, held the title Prince Su of the First Rank from 1821 to 1852, posthumously honoured as Prince Sushen of the First Rank (肅慎親王)
- Huafeng (華豐; died 1869), Jingmin's third son, held the title Prince Su of the First Rank from 1853 to 1869, posthumously honoured as Prince Suke of the First Rank (肅恪親王)
- Longqin (隆懃; 1840–1898), Huafeng's third son, held the title Prince Su of the First Rank from 1870 to 1898, posthumously honoured as Prince Suliang of the First Rank (肅良親王)
- Shanqi (善耆; 1866–1922), Longqin's eldest son, held the title Prince Su of the First Rank from 1898 to 1922, posthumously honoured as Prince Suzhong of the First Rank (肅忠親王)
- Xianzhang (憲章; 1885–1947), Shanqi's eldest son, held the title Prince Su of the First Rank from 1922 to 1945
- Shanqi (善耆; 1866–1922), Longqin's eldest son, held the title Prince Su of the First Rank from 1898 to 1922, posthumously honoured as Prince Suzhong of the First Rank (肅忠親王)
- Longqin (隆懃; 1840–1898), Huafeng's third son, held the title Prince Su of the First Rank from 1870 to 1898, posthumously honoured as Prince Suliang of the First Rank (肅良親王)
- Huafeng (華豐; died 1869), Jingmin's third son, held the title Prince Su of the First Rank from 1853 to 1869, posthumously honoured as Prince Suke of the First Rank (肅恪親王)
- Jingmin (敬敏; died 1852), Yongxi's eldest son, held the title Prince Su of the First Rank from 1821 to 1852, posthumously honoured as Prince Sushen of the First Rank (肅慎親王)
- Yongxi (永錫; died 1821), Chengxin's fifth son, held the title Prince Su of the First Rank from 1778 to 1821, posthumously honoured as Prince Sugong of the First Rank (肅恭親王)
- Danzhen (丹臻; died 1702), Fushou's fourth son, held the title Prince Xian of the First Rank from 1670 to 1702, posthumously honoured as Prince Xianmi of the First Rank (顯密親王)
- Fushou (富綬; died 1669), Hooge's fourth son, held the title Prince Xian of the First Rank from 1651 to 1669, posthumously honoured as Prince Xianque of the First Rank (顯愨親王)
Family tree
| Hooge 豪格 (1609–1648) Prince Suwu 肅武親王 (1636–1648) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Fushou 富綬 (died 1669) Prince Xianque 顯慤親王 (1651–1669) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Danzhen 丹臻 (died 1702) Prince Xianmi 顯密親王 (1670–1702) | Baichali 拜察禮 (died 1708) Prince Xian 顯親王 (posthumously awarded) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Chengxin 成信 (died 1758) Prince Su 肅親王 (posthumously awarded) | Yanhuang 衍潢 (died 1771) Prince Xianjin 顯謹親王 (1702–1771) | Yunzhu 蘊著 (died 1778) Prince Suqin 肅勤親王 (1772–1778) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Yongxi 永錫 (died 1821) Prince Sugong 肅恭親王 (1778–1821) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Jingmin 敬敏 (died 1852) Prince Sushen 肅慎親王 (1821–1852) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Huafeng 華豐 (died 1869) Prince Suke 肅恪親王 (1853–1869) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Longqin 隆懃 (1840–1898) Prince Suliang 肅良親王 (1870–1898) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Shanqi 善耆 (1866–1922) Prince Suzhong 肅忠親王 (1898–1922) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Xianzhang 憲章 (1885–1947) Prince Su 肅親王 (1922–1945) | |||||||||||||||||||||
See also
- Prince Wen, the peerage of Mengguan, Hooge's fifth son
- Yoshiko Kawashima, Shanqi's daughter
- Jin Moyu, Shanqi's daughter
- Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty
References
- Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft History of Qing (Qing Shi Gao). Volume 219. China.