Port-Royal Logic
Port-Royal Logic, or Logique de Port-Royal, is the common name of La logique, ou l'art de penser, an important textbook on logic first published anonymously in 1662 by Antoine Arnauld and Pierre Nicole, two prominent members of the Jansenist movement, centered on Port-Royal. Blaise Pascal likely contributed considerable portions of the text. Its linguistic companion piece is the Port Royal Grammar (1660) by Arnauld and Lancelot.
Written in French, it became quite popular and was in use up to the twentieth century, introducing the reader to logic, and exhibiting strong Cartesian elements in its metaphysics and epistemology (Arnauld having been one of the main philosophers whose objections were published, with replies, in Descartes' Meditations on First Philosophy). The Port-Royal Logic is sometimes cited as a paradigmatic example of traditional term logic.
The philosopher Louis Marin particularly studied it in the 20th century (La Critique du discours, Éditions de Minuit, 1975), while Michel Foucault considered it, in The Order of Things, one of the bases of the classical épistémè.
Among the contributions of the Port-Royal Logic is the introduction of a distinction between comprehension and extension, which would later become a more refined distinction between intension and extension.[1]
References
- ↑ Kneale, William (1966). The Development of Logic. London: Oxford University Press. p. 318.
Bibliography
- Arnauld, Antoine, and Pierre Nicole. La logique ou l’Art de penser. 1st ed. Paris: Jean Guignart, Charles Savreux, & Jean de Lavnay, 1662.
- Arnauld, Antoine, and Pierre Nicole. La logique ou l’Art de penser, contenant, outre les regles communes, plusieurs observations nouvelles, propres à former le jugement. 6th ed. Amsterdam: Abraham Wolfgang, 1685.
- Arnauld, Antoine, and Pierre Nicole. Logic; or, The Art of Thinking. Translated by Several Hands. 1st ed. London: H. Sawbridge, 1685.
- Arnauld, Antoine, and Pierre Nicole. Logic; or, The Art of Thinking. Translated by John Ozell. London: William Taylor, 1717.
- Arnauld, Antoine, and Pierre Nicole. The Art of Thinking; Port-Royal Logic. Translated, with an introduction by James Dickoff and Patricia James, and a foreword by Charles W. Hendel. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1964.
- Arnauld, Antoine, and Pierre Nicole. Logic or the Art of Thinking. Translated by Jill V. Buroker. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
External links
- Buroker, Jill. "Port Royal Logic". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
- Port-Royal Logic at Google Books