Pityrodia augustensis

Pityrodia augustensis
Pityrodia augustensis leaves and flowers
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Pityrodia
Species: P. augustensis
Binomial name
Pityrodia augustensis
Munir[1]

Pityrodia augustensis, commonly known as Mount Augustus foxglove, is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to a small area in Western Australia. It is a small, bushy shrub with its branches, leaves and some of its flower parts densely covered with woolly hairs. It is similar to the lovely foxglove (Dasymalla axillaris) and the sandplain foxglove (Dasymalla terminalis) but has very different leaves from those species.

Description

Pityrodia augustensis is a bushy shrub which grows to a height of about 1 m (3 ft) and which has its branches densely covered with greenish-white branched hairs. The leaves are arranged in opposite pairs along the branches and are 3–6 cm (1–2 in) long, 6–15 mm (0.2–0.6 in) wide, narrow elliptic in shape and wedge-shaped at both ends. They are densely covered with a matted layer of woolly hairs.[2][3][4]

The flowers are arranged singly or in groups of up to five on woolly stalks, usually 2–5 mm (0.08–0.2 in) long the groups up to 5–15 cm (2–6 in) long. Each flower is surrounded by woolly bracts and bracteoles. The sepals are a deep purple-lilac colour, mostly woolly-hairy and are 9–12 mm (0.4–0.5 in) long forming a short tube near their base. The petals are a deep lilac colour and form a broad tube 18–25 mm (0.7–1 in) long with two "lips" - the upper one with two lobes and the lower one with three lobes. The tube is sparsely hairy on the outside and mostly glabrous on the inside. The four stamens are usually enclosed within the tube, one pair shorter than the others. Flowering occurs from August to October and is followed by a more or less spherical fruit surrounded by the sepals.[2][3][4]

Pityrodia augustensis in the Mount Augustus National Park

This species is similar to P. axillaris but that species has a deep red or scarlet petal tube which is almost glabrous on the outside. It also resembles P. terminalis which, however has elongated elliptic leaves which are more or less stem-clasping at the base.[2]

Taxonomy and naming

Pityrodia augustensis was first formally described in 1979 by Ahmad Abid Munir from a specimen collected on the northern slopes of Mount Augustus, and the description was published in Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens.[1][2] The specific epithet (augustensis) refers to the location of the type specimen.[2]

Distribution and habitat

This pityrodia grows on rocky hillsides in the Mount Augustus National Park and on Mount Fraser in the Robinson Ranges near Meekatharra, in the Gascoyne biogeographic region.[5][6]

Conservation

Pityrodia augustensis is classified as "vulnerable" under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999[7] and as "Threatened Flora (Declared Rare Flora — Extant)" by the Department of Environment and Conservation (Western Australia)[5] meaning that it is likely to become extinct or is rare, or otherwise in need of special protection.[8] The main threats to its survival are grazing and, in the case of some populations, mining activities.[3]

References

  1. 1 2 "Pityrodia augustensis". APNI. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Munir, Ahmad Abid (1979). "A taxonomic revision of the genus Pityrodia (Chloanthaceae)". Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Garden. 2 (1): 120–123.
  3. 1 2 3 "Approved Conservation Advice for Pityrodia augustensis (Mt Augustus Foxglove)" (PDF). Australian Government Department of Environment and Energy. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  4. 1 2 "Plant of the Month — September 2012". Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  5. 1 2 "Pityrodia augustensis". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  6. ↑ Paczkowska, Grazyna; Chapman, Alex R. (2000). The Western Australian flora : a descriptive catalogue. Perth: Wildflower Society of Western Australia. p. 213. ISBN 0646402439.
  7. ↑ "Approved Conservation Advice for Pityrodia augustensis (Mt Augustus Foxglove)" (PDF). Australian Government Department of the Environment. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  8. ↑ "Conservation codes for Western Australian Flora and Fauna" (PDF). Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
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