Pierce M. B. Young

Pierce Manning Butler Young
Born (1836-11-15)November 15, 1836
Spartanburg, South Carolina
Died July 6, 1896(1896-07-06) (aged 59)
New York City
Allegiance  Confederate States of America
Service/branch  Confederate States Army
Years of service 18611865
Rank Major General
Commands held Young's Cavalry Division
Young's Cavalry Brigade
Cobb's Legion
Battles/wars
Other work U.S. Congressman

Pierce Manning Butler Young (November 15, 1836 July 6, 1896) was a Major General in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War and a post-war politician, diplomat, and four-term United States Congressman from Georgia.

Early life and career

Young was born at Spartanburg, South Carolina. His father, Dr. R. M. Young, was a son of Capt. William Young, a soldier in the American Revolution under George Washington. When Pierce was a small boy, his father moved to Bartow County, Georgia, and enlisted private tutors for his children. At the age of thirteen, Young entered the Georgia Military Institute in Marietta, and graduated in 1856. He subsequently briefly studied law. In 1857, he was appointed to the United States Military Academy, but resigned only two months before graduation due to Georgia's secession.

Civil War

Returning home in early 1861, he was appointed Second Lieutenant in the 1st Georgia Infantry regiment, but declined that commission for the same rank in the artillery. In July, he was promoted to First Lieutenant and was attached to the staff of General Braxton Bragg at Pensacola, Florida. He was at the same time aide-de-camp to Gen. W. H. T. Walker. In July, Young was appointed adjutant of the Georgia Legion, better known as Cobb's Legion, and was promoted to Major in September and to Lieutenant Colonel in November, commanding the cavalry portion of the legion.

Young's cavalry was attached to Wade Hampton's brigade of J.E.B. Stuart's cavalry division in the Army of Northern Virginia in 1862. He was distinguished for "remarkable gallantry," as Stuart expressed it, in the Maryland Campaign. Promoted to Colonel, he rendered brilliant service at the Battle of Brandy Station and participated in the cavalry operations of the Gettysburg Campaign. In early August, he was wounded in another fight near Brandy Station. In October, he was promoted to Brigadier General and assigned command of Hampton's old brigade, consisting of the 1st and 2nd South Carolina cavalry regiments, the Cobb Legion, Jeff Davis Legion and Phillips' Legion. He was actively engaged during the Bristoe and Mine Run Campaigns, where on October 12, 1863, by adroit maneuvering, he compelled an enemy division to recross the Rappahannock River. An admiring Stuart reported, "The defeat of an expedition which might have proved so embarrassing entitles the officers who effected it to the award of distinguished skill and generalship."

In 1864, Young played a prominent part in the Overland Campaign in Virginia, and when Hampton assumed command of the cavalry after Stuart's death at Yellow Tavern, he temporarily took Hampton's place as division commander. In November, Young was sent to Augusta to gather reinforcements and aid in the defense of that city, threatened by William T. Sherman. Promoted to Major General in December, he was actively engaged in the defense of Savannah and the 1865 campaign in the Carolinas under General Hampton until the close of the war.

Postbellum career

After the war, he returned to Georgia, and lived as a planter. He was elected to the US House of Representatives for four terms (1868-1875), served as consul-general at St. Petersburg, Russia (1885–87) and was US minister to Guatemala and Honduras (1893-1896). Young died on July 6, 1896, in New York City.

See also

References

United States House of Representatives
Preceded by
American Civil War
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Georgia's 7th congressional district

July 25, 1868 - March 3, 1869
Succeeded by
Reclaimed seat
Preceded by
Self, seat vacated
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Georgia's 7th congressional district

December 22, 1870 - March 3, 1875
Succeeded by
William H. Felton
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by
Romualdo Pacheco
United States Minister to Guatemala
June 12, 1893–May 23, 1896
Succeeded by
Macgrane Coxe
United States Minister to Honduras
November 12, 1893–May 23, 1896
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