Petrovice u Karviné

Petrovice u Karviné
Piotrowice koło Karwiny
municipality

Church of Saint Martin

Flag
Coat of arms

Location in the Czech Republic

Coordinates: 49°53′46″N 18°32′38″E / 49.89611°N 18.54389°E / 49.89611; 18.54389
Country Czech Republic
Region Moravian-Silesian
District Karviná
First mentioned 1335
Municipality parts
Government
 • Mayor Doc. Ing. Marian Lebiedzik, Ph.D.[1]
(Czech Social Democratic Party)
Area
 • Total 20.47 km2 (7.90 sq mi)
Elevation 212 m (696 ft)
Population (2011)
 • Total 5,350
 • Density 260/km2 (680/sq mi)
Postal code 735 72
Website http://www.petroviceuk.cz/

 Petrovice u Karviné  (1920-1952: Petrovice)[2] (Polish: Piotrowice koło Karwiny , German: Petrowitz bei Freistadt) is a municipality in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic. It has a population of 5,350 (2011), which makes it the second largest municipality in the Czech Republic without an official town status. 13% of the population are the ethnic Poles, 1,2% are Slovaks and also 1,2% Silesians. Around 22,7% of the population is religious (mostly Roman-Catholic), which is about the double of the national average.[3] It lies on the border with Poland, in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. The Petrůvka River flows through the municipality and enters the Olza River in Závada.

The municipality lies five kilometers north of the city centre of Karviná, next to the border with Poland. Formerly independent municipalities of Dolní Marklovice, Prstná and Závada are since 1952 administratively part of Petrovice.

The municipality is the site of the important railway border crossing to Zebrzydowice in Poland and it has also three road border crossings, as well as numerous tourist and bicycle routes border crossings.

Etymology

The name of the village is patronymic in origin, derived from the personal name Petr/Piotr (locally Pieter), ending alternately with typically Slavic -(ow/ov)ice or with German -dorf meaning village.[4]

History

The village was first mentioned in a written document as a seat of a Catholic parish in an incomplete register of Peter's Pence payment from 1335 as villa Petri[5][lower-alpha 1][6] and as such the parish was one of the oldest in the region. It was again mentioned in the register of Peter's Pence payment from 1447 among the 50 parishes of Teschen deanery as Petirsdorff.[7]

Politically the village belonged initially to the Duchy of Teschen, formed in 1290 in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland and was ruled by a local branch of Silesian Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became a part of the Habsburg Monarchy.

After the 1540s Protestant Reformation prevailed in the Duchy of Teschen and a local Catholic church was taken over by Lutherans. It was taken from them (as one from around fifty buildings in the region) by a special commission and given back to the Roman Catholic Church on 14 April 1654.[8]

After the Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire, a modern municipal division was introduced in the re-established Austrian Silesia. The village as a municipality was subscribed at least since 1880 to political district and legal district of Freistadt.

According to the censuses conducted in 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality grew from 1,022 in 1880 to 1,444 in 1910. In terms of the language spoken colloquially the majority were Polish-speakers (at least 82.8% in 1880, at most 91.3% in 1900), accompanied by German-speakers (at least 6.7% in 1900, at most 15% in 1880) and Czech-speakers (at most 2.6% in 1910). In terms of religion, in 1910 the majority were Roman Catholics (1,410 or 97.6%), followed by Protestants (20 or 1.4%) and Jews (14 or 1%).[9] The village was also traditionally inhabited by Silesian Lachs, speaking Cieszyn Silesian dialect.

After World War I, the fall of Austria-Hungary, the Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, the village became a part of Czechoslovakia. Following the Munich Agreement, in October 1938 together with the Zaolzie region it was invaded by Polish army and annexed by Poland, administratively organised in Frysztat County of Silesian Voivodeship.[10] The village was then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Czechoslovakia.

Landmarks

Notes

  1. ↑ Other sources claim that the village was first mentioned in 1305 as Petri villa, however there is no such settlement listed in Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis where it was supposed to be.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Mr Lebiedzik holds also the office of deputy Hetman of Moravian–Silesian Region)
  2. ↑ Hosák et al. 1980, 238.
  3. ↑ "2011 census data". Czech Statistical Office.
  4. ↑ Mrózek, Robert (1984). Nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego [Local names of former Cieszyn Silesia] (in Polish). Katowice: Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach. pp. 138, 246. ISSN 0208-6336.
  5. ↑ Ptaśnik, Jan (1913). Monumenta Poloniae Vaticana T.1 Acta Camerae Apostolicae. Vol. 1, 1207-1344. Cracoviae: Sumpt. Academiae Litterarum Cracoviensis. p. 366.
  6. ↑ Panic, Idzi (2010). Śląsk Cieszyński w średniowieczu (do 1528) [Cieszyn Silesia in Middle Ages (until 1528)] (in Polish). Cieszyn: Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie. pp. 312, 396. ISBN 978-83-926929-3-5.
  7. ↑ "Registrum denarii sancti Petri in archidiaconatu Opoliensi sub anno domini MCCCCXLVII per dominum Nicolaum Wolff decretorum doctorem, archidiaconum Opoliensem, ex commissione reverendi in Christo patris ac domini Conradi episcopi Wratislaviensis, sedis apostolice collectoris, collecti". Zeitschrift des Vereins für Geschichte und Alterthum Schlesiens (in German). Breslau: H. Markgraf. 27: 361–372. 1893. Retrieved 21 July 2014.
  8. ↑ Broda, Jan (1992). "Materiały do dziejów Kościoła ewangelickiego w Księstwie Cieszyńskim i Państwie Pszczyńskim w XVI i XVII wieku". Z historii Kościoła ewangelickiego na Śląsku Cieszyńskim (in Polish). Katowice: Dom Wydawniczy i Księgarski „Didache“. pp. 259–260. ISBN 83-85572-00-7.
  9. ↑ Piątkowski, Kazimierz (1918). Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem (in Polish). Cieszyn: Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego. pp. 274, 291.
  10. ↑ "Ustawa z dnia 27 października 1938 r. o podziale administracyjnym i tymczasowej organizacji administracji na obszarze Ziem Odzyskanych Śląska Cieszyńskiego". Dziennik Ustaw Śląskich (in Polish). Katowice. nr 18/1938, poz. 35. 31 October 1938. Retrieved 1 July 2014.

References

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Coordinates: 49°53′46″N 18°32′38″E / 49.89611°N 18.54389°E / 49.89611; 18.54389

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