Paul de Vos

Two young seals on a beach

Paul de Vos (1591/92, or 1595 in Hulst – 30 June 1678 in Antwerp) was a Flemish Baroque painter who specialized in still lifes and animal and hunting scenes. He was a regular collaborator of leading Antwerp painters such as Anthony van Dyck and Peter Paul Rubens.[1]

Life

De Vos was born in Hulst near Antwerp, now in the Dutch province of Zeeland. Like his older brother Cornelis and younger brother Jan, he studied under the little-known painter David Remeeus (1559–1626).[2] De Vos became a master and joined the guild of St. Luke at a late age in 1620, probably because he had initially worked in the workshop of his brother-in-law Frans Snyders, the husband of his sister Margaretha.

Cats fighting in a larder

Paul de Vos married Isabella Waerbeek, a notary’s daughter, on 15 Nov 1624 and the couple had 10 children.[1] Peter Paul Rubens was the godfather of one of their sons named Peter Paul born in 1628. The de Vos family prospered and were able to make important investments in real estate in Antwerp.[3]

De Vos enjoyed the patronage of influential aristocrats in Spain such as the marquis the Leganes, head of the Council of Flanders in Madrid and Philippe-Charles, 3rd Count of Arenberg, then residing in Madrid.[3] From the latter he obtained a commission to paint at least 36 paintings of birds, hunts and fables between 1633 and 1640.[4] In 1637-1638 he worked on the decorations for the Spanish royal residences, Buen Retiro and Torre de la Parada. Most of the decorations at the Torre de la Parada involving animal scenes without humans were by his hand. The governor of the Governor of the Spanish Netherlands Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand visited his workshop.[3]

He had two pupils: Alex Daempt in 1627 and Lancelot van Daelen in 1636.[2]

Work

Paradise

He often signed his paintings but never dated them which makes it difficult to establish a precise chronology. He painted scenes of pantries, quarrelling dogs, bird concerts and animal fights.[1] He specialized in monumental animal scenes, especially hunts for aristocratic patrons, that are heavily influenced by Frans Snyders. In the past, a lot of his works have been misattributed to Snyders.[3] De Vos was able to develop his own personal style that accentuated abrupt movement, the gruesome aspects of hunts, used warmer colours and a broader brush stroke than Snyders.[1]

As was common amongst artists in Antwerp, De Vos frequently collaborated with other painters. He collaborated with Rubens, Anthony van Dyck (Rest on the Flight into Egypt; Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg), Erasmus Quellinus II, Thomas Willeboirts Bosschaert, Adriaen van Utrecht and Jan Wildens. De Vos would typically contribute the animals or still-life elements to the compositions of these painters or would ask landscape specialists such as Jan Wildens to add landscapes to his creations.[4] An example of a collaboration with Jan Wildens is the composition Paradise (Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna), which resembles the paradise paintings created by Jan Brueghel the Elder.

Still life with servant

His collaborations with Rubens consisted mainly of hunting scenes.[1] He was an important contributor on the series of hunting scenes designed by Rubens in the period 1636-1638 for the hunting pavilion Torre de la Parada of the Spanish king Philip IV near Madrid. Many of these are now in the Prado museum.[5] One art historian has compared Paul de Vos' contributions to Rubens' hunting scenes with those of Paul Snyders' and found de Vos to be less accurate in the animal anatomy and less accomplished in the psychological expression of the animals. Other art historians regard the hunting scenes of de Vos as more dynamic and evidencing a more personal style when compared with those of Snyders, who was more a still life painter. In their collaboration with Rubens, Snyders and de Vos often worked from sketches made by Rubens while in other cases they were given the freedom to develop their own ideas. The expressive style and motifs of Rubens' animal paintings had an important influence on both Snyders and de Vos.[6]

De Vos introduced new motifs into the iconographic tradition in his scenes of fighting cats and horses attacked by wolves.[1]

References

Stag hunt
  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Katlijne Van der Stighelen and Arnout Balis. "Vos, de (i)." Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online. Oxford University Press. Web. 9 July 2014
  2. 1 2 Paul de Vos at the Netherlands Institute for Art History
  3. 1 2 3 4 Peter C. Sutton, Northern European Paintings in the Philadelphia Museum of Art: From the Sixteenth and the Nineteenth Century, Philadelphia Museum Of Art, 1 January 2000, p. 346-349
  4. 1 2 Paul de Vos (Hulst 1591/5-1678 Antwerp), Three dogs playing, with songbirds on the floor at Christie's
  5. ↑ Svetlana Alpers, 'The decoration of the Torre de la Parada', Phaidon, 1971, p. 144
  6. ↑ Arnout Balis, Rubens hunting scenes, Part 18, Harvey Miller, 5 Mar, 1987, p. 70-87
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