PPP5C
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Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PPP5C gene.[3][4]
Model organisms
| Characteristic | Phenotype |
|---|---|
| Homozygote viability | Normal |
| Homozygous Fertility | Normal |
| Body weight | Abnormal[5] |
| Anxiety | Normal |
| Neurological assessment | Normal |
| Grip strength | Normal |
| Hot plate | Normal |
| Dysmorphology | Normal[6] |
| Indirect calorimetry | Abnormal[7] |
| Glucose tolerance test | Normal |
| Auditory brainstem response | Normal |
| DEXA | Abnormal[8] |
| Radiography | Abnormal[9] |
| Body temperature | Normal |
| Eye morphology | Normal |
| Clinical chemistry | Normal |
| Plasma immunoglobulins | Normal |
| Haematology | Normal |
| Peripheral blood lymphocytes | Abnormal[10] |
| Micronucleus test | Normal |
| Heart weight | Normal |
| Tail epidermis wholemount | Normal |
| Skin Histopathology | Normal |
| Brain histopathology | Normal |
| MicroCT & Quantitative Faxitron | Normal |
| Citrobacter infection | Normal[11] |
| All tests and analysis from[12][13] |
Model organisms have been used in the study of PPP5C function. A conditional knockout mouse line, called Ppp5ctm1a(EUCOMM)Wtsi[14][15] was generated as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists.[16][17][18]
Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion.[12][19] Twenty five tests were carried out on mutant mice and five significant abnormalities were observed.[12] Homozygous mutant males had decreased body weight, body length and respiratory quotient. Both sexes had increased T cell numbers and a range of skeletal abnormalities identified by radiography.[12]
Interactions
PPP5C has been shown to interact with ASK1,[20] CRY2[21] GNA12.[22] and Rac1,[23]
References
- ↑ "Human PubMed Reference:".
- ↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
- ↑ Yong WH, Ueki K, Chou D, Reeves SA, von Deimling A, Gusella JF, Mohrenweiser HW, Buckler AJ, Louis DN (Sep 1995). "Cloning of a highly conserved human protein serine-threonine phosphatase gene from the glioma candidate region on chromosome 19q13.3". Genomics. 29 (2): 533–6. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.9972. PMID 8666404.
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: PPP5C Protein phosphatase 5, catalytic subunit".
- ↑ "Body weight data for Ppp5c". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
- ↑ "Dysmorphology data for Ppp5c". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
- ↑ "Indirect calorimetry data for Ppp5c". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
- ↑ "DEXA data for Ppp5c". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
- ↑ "Radiography data for Ppp5c". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
- ↑ "Peripheral blood lymphocytes data for Ppp5c". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
- ↑ "Citrobacter infection data for Ppp5c". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
- 1 2 3 4 Gerdin AK (2010). "The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: High throughput characterisation of knockout mice". Acta Ophthalmologica. 88: 925–7. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x.
- ↑ Mouse Resources Portal, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
- ↑ "International Knockout Mouse Consortium".
- ↑ "Mouse Genome Informatics".
- ↑ Skarnes WC, Rosen B, West AP, Koutsourakis M, Bushell W, Iyer V, Mujica AO, Thomas M, Harrow J, Cox T, Jackson D, Severin J, Biggs P, Fu J, Nefedov M, de Jong PJ, Stewart AF, Bradley A (Jun 2011). "A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function". Nature. 474 (7351): 337–42. doi:10.1038/nature10163. PMC 3572410
. PMID 21677750. - ↑ Dolgin E (Jun 2011). "Mouse library set to be knockout". Nature. 474 (7351): 262–3. doi:10.1038/474262a. PMID 21677718.
- ↑ Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W (Jan 2007). "A mouse for all reasons". Cell. 128 (1): 9–13. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018. PMID 17218247.
- ↑ van der Weyden L, White JK, Adams DJ, Logan DW (2011). "The mouse genetics toolkit: revealing function and mechanism". Genome Biology. 12 (6): 224. doi:10.1186/gb-2011-12-6-224. PMC 3218837. PMID 21722353.
- ↑ Morita K, Saitoh M, Tobiume K, Matsuura H, Enomoto S, Nishitoh H, Ichijo H (Nov 2001). "Negative feedback regulation of ASK1 by protein phosphatase 5 (PP5) in response to oxidative stress". The EMBO Journal. 20 (21): 6028–36. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.21.6028. PMC 125685. PMID 11689443.
- ↑ Zhao S, Sancar A (Nov 1997). "Human blue-light photoreceptor hCRY2 specifically interacts with protein serine/threonine phosphatase 5 and modulates its activity". Photochemistry and Photobiology. 66 (5): 727–31. doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1997.tb03214.x. PMID 9383998.
- ↑ Yamaguchi Y, Katoh H, Mori K, Negishi M (Aug 2002). "Galpha(12) and Galpha(13) interact with Ser/Thr protein phosphatase type 5 and stimulate its phosphatase activity". Current Biology. 12 (15): 1353–8. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(02)01034-5. PMID 12176367.
- ↑ Chatterjee A, Wang L, Armstrong DL, Rossie S (Feb 2010). "Activated Rac1 GTPase translocates protein phosphatase 5 to the cell membrane and stimulates phosphatase activity in vitro". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 285 (6): 3872–82. doi:10.1074/jbc.M109.088427. PMC 2823530. PMID 19948726.
Further reading
- Chen MX, McPartlin AE, Brown L, Chen YH, Barker HM, Cohen PT (Sep 1994). "A novel human protein serine/threonine phosphatase, which possesses four tetratricopeptide repeat motifs and localizes to the nucleus". The EMBO Journal. 13 (18): 4278–90. PMC 395355. PMID 7925273.
- Skinner J, Sinclair C, Romeo C, Armstrong D, Charbonneau H, Rossie S (Sep 1997). "Purification of a fatty acid-stimulated protein-serine/threonine phosphatase from bovine brain and its identification as a homolog of protein phosphatase 5". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (36): 22464–71. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.36.22464. PMID 9278397.
- Shah BH, Catt KJ (Dec 2006). "Protein phosphatase 5 as a negative key regulator of Raf-1 activation". Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism. 17 (10): 382–4. doi:10.1016/j.tem.2006.10.013. PMID 17084641.
- Goedert M, Cohen ES, Jakes R, Cohen P (Nov 1992). "p42 MAP kinase phosphorylation sites in microtubule-associated protein tau are dephosphorylated by protein phosphatase 2A1. Implications for Alzheimer's disease [corrected]". FEBS Letters. 312 (1): 95–9. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(92)81418-L. PMID 1330687.
- Maruyama K, Sugano S (Jan 1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1-2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
- Xu X, Lagercrantz J, Zickert P, Bajalica-Lagercrantz S, Zetterberg A (Jan 1996). "Chromosomal localization and 5' sequence of the human protein serine/threonine phosphatase 5' gene". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 218 (2): 514–7. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1996.0092. PMID 8561788.
- Silverstein AM, Galigniana MD, Chen MS, Owens-Grillo JK, Chinkers M, Pratt WB (Jun 1997). "Protein phosphatase 5 is a major component of glucocorticoid receptor.hsp90 complexes with properties of an FK506-binding immunophilin". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (26): 16224–30. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.26.16224. PMID 9195923.
- Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S (Oct 1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1-2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
- Zhao S, Sancar A (Nov 1997). "Human blue-light photoreceptor hCRY2 specifically interacts with protein serine/threonine phosphatase 5 and modulates its activity". Photochemistry and Photobiology. 66 (5): 727–31. doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1997.tb03214.x. PMID 9383998.
- Ollendorff V, Donoghue DJ (Dec 1997). "The serine/threonine phosphatase PP5 interacts with CDC16 and CDC27, two tetratricopeptide repeat-containing subunits of the anaphase-promoting complex". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (51): 32011–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.51.32011. PMID 9405394.
- Das AK, Cohen PW, Barford D (Mar 1998). "The structure of the tetratricopeptide repeats of protein phosphatase 5: implications for TPR-mediated protein-protein interactions". The EMBO Journal. 17 (5): 1192–9. doi:10.1093/emboj/17.5.1192. PMC 1170467. PMID 9482716.
- Russell LC, Whitt SR, Chen MS, Chinkers M (Jul 1999). "Identification of conserved residues required for the binding of a tetratricopeptide repeat domain to heat shock protein 90". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (29): 20060–3. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.29.20060. PMID 10400612.
- Lubert EJ, Hong Y, Sarge KD (Oct 2001). "Interaction between protein phosphatase 5 and the A subunit of protein phosphatase 2A: evidence for a heterotrimeric form of protein phosphatase 5". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (42): 38582–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M106906200. PMID 11504734.
- Morita K, Saitoh M, Tobiume K, Matsuura H, Enomoto S, Nishitoh H, Ichijo H (Nov 2001). "Negative feedback regulation of ASK1 by protein phosphatase 5 (PP5) in response to oxidative stress". The EMBO Journal. 20 (21): 6028–36. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.21.6028. PMC 125685. PMID 11689443.
- Sanchez-Ortiz E, Hahm BK, Armstrong DL, Rossie S (Oct 2009). "Protein phosphatase 5 protects neurons against amyloid-beta toxicity". Journal of Neurochemistry. 111 (2): 391–402. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06337.x. PMC 3044491. PMID 19686245.
- Yamaguchi Y, Katoh H, Mori K, Negishi M (Aug 2002). "Galpha(12) and Galpha(13) interact with Ser/Thr protein phosphatase type 5 and stimulate its phosphatase activity". Current Biology. 12 (15): 1353–8. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(02)01034-5. PMID 12176367.
- Gentile S, Darden T, Erxleben C, Romeo C, Russo A, Martin N, Rossie S, Armstrong DL (Mar 2006). "Rac GTPase signaling through the PP5 protein phosphatase". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103 (13): 5202–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.0600080103. PMC 1458818. PMID 16549782.
- Liu F, Zaidi T, Iqbal K, Grundke-Iqbal I, Gong CX (2003). "Aberrant glycosylation modulates phosphorylation of tau by protein kinase A and dephosphorylation of tau by protein phosphatase 2A and 5". Neuroscience. 115 (3): 829–37. doi:10.1016/S0306-4522(02)00510-9. PMID 12435421.
- Urban G, Golden T, Aragon IV, Cowsert L, Cooper SR, Dean NM, Honkanen RE (Mar 2003). "Identification of a functional link for the p53 tumor suppressor protein in dexamethasone-induced growth suppression". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (11): 9747–53. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210993200. PMID 12519780.
- Tomsig JL, Snyder SL, Creutz CE (Mar 2003). "Identification of targets for calcium signaling through the copine family of proteins. Characterization of a coiled-coil copine-binding motif". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (12): 10048–54. doi:10.1074/jbc.M212632200. PMID 12522145.
- Matsuda A, Suzuki Y, Honda G, Muramatsu S, Matsuzaki O, Nagano Y, Doi T, Shimotohno K, Harada T, Nishida E, Hayashi H, Sugano S (May 2003). "Large-scale identification and characterization of human genes that activate NF-kappaB and MAPK signaling pathways". Oncogene. 22 (21): 3307–18. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206406. PMID 12761501.
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