Ventura County, California

Ventura County, California
County
County of Ventura
Images, from top down, left to right: Ventura City Hall in Old Town Ventura, Ojai Arcade in Ojai, a view of Camarillo, Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in Simi Valley, Point Mugu
Seal
Location in the state of California
California's location in the United States
Country	United States
State	California
Region	California Central Coast
Established	March 22, 1872[1]
County seat	Ventura
Largest city	Oxnard (population) Thousand Oaks (area)
Area
• Total	2,208 sq mi (5,720 km2)
• Land	1,843 sq mi (4,770 km2)
• Water	365 sq mi (950 km2)
Highest elevation[2]	8,835 ft (2,693 m)
Population (April 1, 2010)[3]
• Total	823,318
• Estimate (2015)[3]	850,536
• Density	370/sq mi (140/km2)
Time zone	Pacific Time Zone (UTC−8)
• Summer (DST)	Pacific Daylight Time (UTC−7)
Area codes	805, 747/818
FIPS code	06-111
GNIS feature ID	277320
Website	www.countyofventura.org

Ventura County is a county in the southern part of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 823,318.^[3] The county seat is Ventura.^[4]

Ventura County comprises the Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA Combined Statistical Area. It is also considered the southernmost county along the California Central Coast.^[5]

History

Pre-colonial period

Ventura County was historically inhabited by the Chumash people, who also settled much of Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo Counties, with their presence dating back 10,000-12,000 years.^[6][7] The Chumash were hunter-gatherers, fishermen and also traders with the Mojave, Yokuts, and Tongva Indians.^[8] The Chumash are also known for their rock paintings and for their great basketry. Chumash Indian Museum in Thousand Oaks has several reconstructed Chumash houses (‘apa) and there are several Chumash pictographs in the county, including the Burro Flats Painted Cave in Simi Valley. The plank canoe, called a tomol in Chumash, was important to their way of life. Canoe launching points on the mainland for trade with the Chumash of the Channel Islands were located at the mouth of the Ventura River, Mugu Lagoon and Point Hueneme.^[9][10] This has led to speculations among archeologists of whether the Chumash could have had a pre-historic contact with Polynesians.^[11][12] According to diachronic linguistics, certain words such as tomolo’o (canoe) could be related to Polynesian languages. The dialect of the Chumash language that was spoken in Ventura County was Ventureño.^[13]

Several place names in the county has originated from Chumash, including Ojai, which means moon,^[14] and Simi Valley, which originates from the word Shimiyi and refers to the stringy, thread-like clouds that typify the region.^[15] Others include Point Mugu from the word Muwu (meaning “beach”), Saticoy from the word Sa’aqtiko’y (meaning “sheltered for the wind”), and Sespe Creek from the word S’eqp’e (meaning “kneecap”).^[16]

Spanish period

In October 1542, the expedition led by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo anchored in an inlet near Point Mugu; its members were the first Europeans to arrive in the area that would become Ventura County.^[17]

Active occupation of California by Spain began in 1769. Gaspar de Portolà led a military expedition by land from San Diego to Monterey, passing through Ventura County in August of that year. A priest with the expedition, Father Juan Crespí, kept a journal of the trip and noted that the area was ideal for a mission to be established and it was a "good site to which nothing is lacking".^[18] Also on this expedition was Father Junípero Serra, who later founded a mission on this site.

On March 31, 1782, the Mission San Buenaventura was founded by Father Serra.^[19] It is named after Saint Bonaventure, one of the early intellectual founders of the Franciscan Order. The town that grew up around the mission, was originally and remains named San Buenaventura, although has been known as Ventura since 1891.^[20]

In the 1790s, the Spanish Governor of California began granting land concessions to Spanish Californians who were often retiring soldiers. These concessions were known as ranchos and consisted of thousands of acres of land that were used primarily as ranch land for livestock. In Ventura County, Rancho Simi was granted in 1795 and Rancho El Conejo in 1802.

Mexican period

In 1822, California was notified of Mexico's independence from Spain and the Governor of California, the Junta, the military in Monterey and the priests and neophytes at Mission San Buenaventura swore allegiance to Mexico on April 11, 1822. California land that had been vested in the King of Spain was now owned by the nation of Mexico.

By the 1830s, Mission San Buenaventura was in a decline with fewer neophytes joining the mission. The number of cattle owned by the mission dropped from first to fifteenth ranking in the California Missions.^[21] The missions were secularized by the Mexican government in 1834. The Mexican governors began granting land rights to Mexican Californians, often retiring soldiers. By 1846, there were 19 rancho grants in Ventura County.^[22] In 1836, Mission San Buenaventura was transferred from the Church to a secular administrator. The natives who had been working at the mission gradually left to work on the ranchos. By 1839, only 300 Indians were left at the Mission and it slipped into neglect.^[23]

Several outhouses were discovered in July 2007 dating back to the 1800s where a new site had been cleared to prepare for development. The area proved to be a treasure trove for archaeologists who braved the lingering smell in the dirt to uncover artifacts that showed heavy utilization by mission inhabitants, Indians, early settlers and Spanish and Mexican soldiers.^[24]

American period

The Mexican–American War began in 1846 but its effect was not felt in Ventura County until 1847. In January of that year, Captain John C. Frémont led the California Battalion into San Buenaventura finding that the Europeans had fled leaving only the Indians in the Mission. Fremont and the Battalion continued south to sign the Treaty of Cahuenga with General Andrés Pico. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo formally transferred California to the United States in 1848.^[25]

By 1849, a constitution had been adopted for the California territory. The new Legislature met and divided the pending state into 27 counties. At the time, the area that would become Ventura County was the southern part of Santa Barbara County.^[26]

The 1860s brought many changes to the area. A drought caused many of the ranchos to experience financial difficulties and most were divided, sub-divided and sold. Large sections of land were bought by eastern capitalists based on favorable reports of petroleum deposits. A United States Post Office was opened at Mission San Buenaventura in 1861. On April 1, 1866, the town of San Buenaventura was incorporated becoming the first officially recognized town in what would become Ventura County.^[27]

On January 1, 1873, Ventura County was officially split from Santa Barbara County, bringing a flurry of change. That same year, a courthouse and wharf were built in San Buenaventura. A bank was opened and the first public library was created. The school system grew, with the first high school opening in 1890.^[28]

Other towns were starting in the county. A plan for Hueneme (later Port Hueneme) was recorded in 1874, and Santa Paula's plan was recorded in 1875. The community of Nordhoff (later renamed Ojai) was started in 1874.^[29] Bardsdale, Fillmore, Piru and Montalvo were established in 1887.^[30] 1892 saw Simi (later Simi Valley), Somis, Saticoy and Moorpark. Oxnard was a late-comer, not being established until 1898.^[31]

The Southern Pacific Railroad laid tracks through San Buenaventura in 1887. For convenience in printing their timetables, Southern Pacific shortened San Buenaventura to Ventura. The Post Office soon followed suit. While the city remains officially known as San Buenaventura, it is more commonly referred to as Ventura.^[32] The rail line to northern California originally went through Saugus, Fillmore and Santa Paula, providing a boom to those communities along the line. In 1905, Tunnel #26 was completed between Chatsworth and Corriganville near Simi Valley, shortening the rail route. At 7,369 feet (2,246 m), Tunnel #26 was the longest tunnel ever constructed in its day.^[33] This tunnel joined the railroad spur coming the other direction from Montalvo through Camarillo, Moorpark and Simi Valley, making the contemporary main line used today. One stop along the way, at a 90 degree turn, was at a sugar beet processing factory. The factory bore the name of its absentee owners, the Oxnard Brothers. A small community of farm and factory workers grew near the train stop. That community, now bearing the name of the factory shortened to the one word train stop, has become the largest city in Ventura County, Oxnard.^[34][35]

Oil has been known in Ventura County since before the arrival of the Europeans, as the native Chumash people used tar from natural seeps as a sealant and waterproofing for baskets and canoes. In the 1860s, several attempts were made to harvest the petroleum products under Ventura County but none were financially successful, and the oil speculators eventually changed from oil to land development. In 1913, oil exploration began in earnest, with Ralph Lloyd obtaining the financial support of veteran oil man Joseph B. Dabney. Their first well, named "Lloyd No. 1", was started on January 20, 1914. The well struck oil at 2558 feet (780 m) but was destroyed when it went wild. Other wells met a similar fate, until 1916, when a deal was struck with the Shell Oil Company. 1916 was the year the large South Mountain Oil Field was discovered, and other deals followed with General Petroleum in 1917 and Associated Oil Company in 1920. At its peak, the largest oil field in the county, the Ventura Avenue oilfield, discovered in 1919 in the hills north of Ventura, was producing 90,000 barrels (14,000 m³) of oil a day, with annual production of over a million and a half barrels. More oil fields came on-line in the 1920s and 1930s, with the Rincon field, the second-largest, in 1927, and the adjacent San Miguelito in 1931.^[36][37]

In the early hours of the morning of March 12–13, 1928, the St. Francis Dam collapsed, sending nearly 12,500 million US gallons (47 gigalitres) of water rushing through the Santa Clarita Valley killing as many as 600 people,^[38] destroying 1,240 homes and flooding 7,900 acres (32 km²) of land, devastating farm fields and orchards.^[39] This was the largest single disaster to strike Ventura County and the second largest, in terms of lives lost, in the state.

Modern period

Ventura County can be separated into two major parts, East County and West County. East County consists of all cities east of the Conejo Grade. Geographically East County is the end of the Santa Monica Mountains, in which the Conejo Valley is located, and where there is a considerable increase in elevation. Communities which are considered to be in the East County are Thousand Oaks, Newbury Park, Lake Sherwood, Hidden Valley, Santa Rosa Valley, Oak Park, Moorpark, and Simi Valley. A majority of these communities are in the Conejo Valley.

West County, which is everything west of the Conejo Grade, consists of communities such as Camarillo, Oxnard, Somis, Point Mugu, Port Hueneme, Ventura, Ojai, Santa Paula, and Fillmore. West County consists of some of the first developed cities in the county. The largest beach communities are located in West County on the coastline of the Channel Islands Harbor.

Starting in the mid-1900s, there was a large growth in population in the East County, moving from the San Fernando Valley in Los Angeles and out into the Conejo and Simi Valleys. Part of the Conejo Valley belongs to Los Angeles County. This part consists of Calabasas, Hidden Hills, Agoura Hills, Agoura, and Westlake Village. The other half of the Conejo Valley, which belongs to Ventura County, consists of Lake Sherwood, Hidden Valley, Oak Park, Thousand Oaks, and Newbury Park, which was formerly an unincorporated area that is now the most westerly part of Thousand Oaks. Many working-class people migrated to this area during the 1960s and 1970s out of East and Central Los Angeles. As a result, there was a large growth in population into the Conejo Valley and into Ventura County through the U.S. Route 101 corridor. Making the U.S. 101 a full freeway in the 1960s, and the expansions that followed, helped make commuting to Los Angeles easier and opened the way for development westward. The communities that have seen the most substantial development are Calabasas, Hidden Hills, Agoura Hills, Westlake Village, Thousand Oaks, and Newbury Park.

Development moved farther down the US 101 corridor and sent population rising in West County cities as well. The largest population growth there has been in Camarillo, Oxnard, and Ventura. Development in the East County and along the US 101 corridor is rare today, because most of these cities are master-planned cities, such as Thousand Oaks and Simi Valley, and are approaching build-out. Although the area still has plenty of open space and land, almost all of it is mandated to never be developed as part of the master plan of each city.^[40] Because of this, its private low-key location, its country feel, and its proximity to Los Angeles, the Conejo Valley area has become a very attractive place to live. Like most areas of Ventura County, it once had relatively inexpensive real estate, but prices have risen sharply. For example, real estate in Newbury Park has increased in price by over 250% in the last 10 years. Median home prices in the Conejo Valley now range from $700,000 to $2.2 million. Camarillo also experienced rapid growth in the 1960s and 1970s following a favorable article published in National Geographic Magazine citing the excellent climate. National Geographic magazine compared the Mediterranean climate to the French Riviera. After this, many developers and residents came to Camarillo for the favorable weather.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 2,208 square miles (5,720 km²), of which 1,843 square miles (4,770 km²) is land and 365 square miles (950 km²) (16.5%) is water.^[42][43]

Parts of the county are on the Oxnard Plain which includes the cities of Oxnard, Camarillo, Port Hueneme and much of Ventura. Other cities and communities lie in the intermountain valleys of the Transverse Range. The Santa Clara River Valley is the most prominent valley, while other valleys include Conejo Valley, Simi Valley, Santa Rosa Valley, Tierra Rejada Valley and Las Posas Valley. Other parts of the county are on small coastal mountains, such as the Santa Ynez Mountains, Simi Hills, Santa Monica Mountains and the Piru Mountains. Most of the population of Ventura County lives in the southern portion of the county. The major population centers are the Oxnard Plain and the Simi and Conejo Valleys. In local media, the county is usually split between the eastern portion, generally associated with the San Fernando Valley, and the western portion, often referred to as “Oxnard-Ventura."

Because the total amount of precipitation is small, conserving water and obtaining water from additional sources outside of Ventura County are vital concerns.^[44] The climate, though mostly mild and dry, varies because of the variations in topography through for instance differences in elevation and physical geography. The Santa Clara River is the principal waterway. Lake Casitas, an artificial reservoir, is the largest body of water.

The highest peaks in the county include Mount Pinos (8831', 2697 m), Frazier Mountain (8017', 2444 m), and Reyes Peak (7525', 2294 m) in the Transverse Ranges. The uplands are well-timbered with coniferous forests, and receive plentiful snow in the winter. Mount Pinos is sacred to the Chumash Indians. It is known to them as Iwihinmu, and was considered to be the center of the universe; being the highest peak in the vicinity, it has a spectacular view, unimpeded in three directions.^[45]

The USDA Economic Research Service rated Ventura County the most desirable county to live in the 48 contiguous states, using six metrics of climate ("mild, sunny winters, temperate summers, low humidity"), topographic variation, and access to water, "that reflect environmental qualities most people prefer."^[46]

Physical geography

There are 555,953 acres (224,986 ha) outside of national forest land in Ventura County, which means that 53 percent of the county’s total area is made up of national forest. Of the land outside of national forest land, approximately 59 percent is agricultural and 17.5 percent urban.^[41] North of Highway 126, the county is mountainous and mostly uninhabited, and contains some of the most unspoiled, rugged and inaccessible wilderness remaining in southern California. Most of this land is in the Los Padres National Forest, and includes the Chumash Wilderness in the northernmost portion, adjacent to Kern County, as well as the large Sespe Wilderness and portions of both the Dick Smith Wilderness and Matilija Wilderness (both of these protected areas straddle the line with Santa Barbara County). All of the wilderness areas are within the jurisdiction of Los Padres National Forest.

The coastal plain was formed by the deposition of sediments from the Santa Clara River and from the streams of the Calleguas-Conejo drainage system. It has a mean elevation of fifty feet (15 m), but at points south of the Santa Clara River, the elevation is as much as 150 feet (46 m), and at points north of the river, as much as 300 feet (91 m). The coastal plain is generally known as the Oxnard Plain with the part that centers on Camarillo lying east of the Revelon Slough is called Pleasant Valley. Most of the arable land in the county is found on the coastal plain. Small coastal mountains rim Ventura County on its landward side. They range in elevation from 50 feet (15 m) along the coast south of the coastal plain, to about 3,100 feet (940 m) in the Santa Monica Mountains. The Santa Ynez Mountains, the Topatopa Mountains, and the Piru Mountains make up the northern boundary of the county the Santa Susana Mountains the eastern boundary, and the Simi Hills and the Santa Monica Mountains make up the southern border towards Los Angeles County. South Mountain and Oak Ridge are low and long mountains that separate Santa Clara Valley from the Las Posas Valley and Simi Valley. The Camarillo Hills and the Las Posas Hills extend from Camarillo to Simi Valley and separate the Las Posas-Simi area from the Santa Rosa Valley and Tierra Rejada Valley.^[47]

The intermountain valley of the Santa Clara River is the most prominent valley in the county and trends east-southwest. The Santa Clara River drains an area of 1,605 square miles and flows from its headwaters in Los Angeles to where it empties into the Pacific. Its principal tributaries are Piru Creek, Santa Paula Creek, and Sespe Creek. The valley of the Ventura River is a narrow valley north of Ventura. Ojai Valley is connected to the Ventura River Valley by San Antonio Creek. The small Upper Ojai Valley, east of Ojai Valley and 300-to-500-foot higher (91 to 152 m), drains to the Ventura River on the west and to Santa Paula Creek on the east. Ojai and Upper Ojai Valleys are surrounded by mountains and are rich agricultural areas. The Ventura River flows south and drains an area of 226 square miles. Over South Mountain and Oak Ridge, south of the Santa Clara River, are Las Posas Valley and Simi Valley. Las Posas Valley extends eastward from the Oxnard Plain almost to Simi Valley, which is in the east end of Ventura County. The town of Simi Valley is bounded on the east by the Santa Susana Mountains and on the south by the Simi Hills. To the south, over the Camarillo- and Las Posas Hills, are Santa Rosa- and Tierra Rejada Valleys, which extend from Camarillo eastward for ten miles. In the hills south of Santa Rosa Valley is the broad Conejo Valley. Santa Rosa Valley, Conejo Valley, Simi Valley, and Tierra Rejada Valley are drained by Calleguas Creek and its principal tributary, Conejo Creek. These creeks originate in the Santa Susana and Santa Monica Mountains.^[44]

The County's diverse coastline features a variety of terrain. There are many State beaches: Emma Wood, San Buenaventura, McGrath, and Mandalay State Beach. Other beaches include Channel Islands Beach, Solimar Beach, Oxnard Beach Park, and Silver Strand Beach. While Point Mugu State Park is known for its steep coastal terrain with little beach access, nearby County Line Beach in the south coast community of Solromar is part of the fabled Malibu coastline. Ventura County has plenty of other surf spots along the coast including the notable surf spot, Rincon Point, on the Santa Barbara County-line.

Climate

Ventura County has a considerable range in climate because of differences in topography between one part of the county and another. Rainfall is limited in summer and crops have to be irrigated. The average annual temperature is near 60 °F at low elevations near the ocean, in the 50’s over most of the northern two-thirds of the county, and less than 45 °F in the Topatopa Mountains. The annual range in temperature is between 70 °F and 80 °F on the Coastal Plain and as much as 100 °F in the interior. For July, the average maximum temperature is between 70 °F and 80 °F on the Coastal Plain but exceeds 90 °F in the upper part of the Ventura- and Cuyama River Valleys. For January, the average minimum temperature is near 40 °F on the coast but in the lower 30’s and upper 20’s in the northern parts of Ventura County. No temperature data are available for the highest point in the county, Mount Pinos. The length of the growing season ranges more than 300 days near the coast to less than 175 days in the coldest part in northern Ventura County. In both the northern and southern ends of the county, the annual precipitation totals between ten and fifteen inches. In the Topatopa Mountains, the annual total is more than thirty-three inches. The drier parts of the county get less than five inches of rain annually, and the higher and wetter parts get more than 60 inches annually. Measureable amounts of rainfall in Ventura County are reported on thirty to thirty-five days annually, and half an inch or more on six to twelve days annually. In the northern parts of Ventura County, snowfall averages five inches or more per year, and along the northern border and Mount Pinos, more than twenty inches.^[47]

Ecology and Wildlife

The ecology of Ventura county varies from place to place. Mostly, though, the native wildlife has been partially taken over by foreign wildlife. The wildlife continues to diminish today, but at a slower rate, due to the protection efforts of wildlife protection agencies.

Oak is common in Ventura County. Invasive grasses have taken over the native grasses, but much native wildlife, like poison oak, still exists in the county.

Raccoons and skunks are common in the neighborhoods. In the wild, mountain lions and bobcats roam around, along with foxes and coyotes. The apex predator is the American black bear.^[48]

The Channel Islands in Ventura County are Anacapa and San Nicholas Islands. Both are home to the deer mouse, the latter home to the island fox. Island oak exist on both.

Adjacent counties

• Santa Barbara County, California — west
• Kern County, California — north
• Los Angeles County, California — east

National protected areas

Rivers

Rivers in Ventura County include:

• Los Sauces Creek
• Madrianio Creek
• Padre Juan Canyon
• Ventura River
  • Manuel Canyon
  • Cañada Larga
  • Cañada de Alisos
  • Coyote Creek
    • Lake Casitas
      • Laguna Creek
      • Willow Creek
      • Santa Ana Creek
        • Roble-Casitas Canal
      • Poplin Creek
    • Deep Cat Lake
    • East Fork Coyote Creek
    • West Fork Coyote Creek
  • Matilija Creek
    • Rattlesnake Creek
    • Lime Creek
    • Murietta Creek
    • Middle Fork Matilija Creek
    • Upper North Fork Matilija Creek
  • North Fork Matilija Creek (This and Matilija Creek form the Ventura River's headwaters.)
• Santa Clara River
  • Sespe Creek
  • Piru Creek
  • Castaic Creek
• Calleguas Creek
  • Arroyo Simi
  • Arroyo Conejo

Transportation

Major highways

Unconstructed

• State Route 257

Public transportation

Ventura County is served by Amtrak and Metrolink trains along the main coast rail line, as well as Greyhound Lines, Gold Coast Transit (formerly South Coast Area Transit), and VISTA buses. The cities of Camarillo, Moorpark, Simi Valley and Thousand Oaks have their own small bus systems.

Park authorized commercial service operators provide access to the five islands of Channel Islands National Park.^[49]

Airports

• Oxnard Airport, just west of Downtown Oxnard and was Ventura County's only commercial airport, it now no longer takes public flights. It is also the county's largest airport.
• Camarillo Airport, formerly a US Air Force Base, is a general aviation airport located south of the City of Camarillo. It is the current base of operations of the Ventura County Sheriff's Department Aviation Unit and the home of the VCSD's Training Facility and Academy, the Ventura County Criminal Justice Training Center. The Camarillo Airport also serves as the base of operations for the Ventura County Fire Department and facilitates the Oxnard College Regional Fire Academy and the Ventura County Reserve Officers Training Center.
• Santa Paula Airport is a privately owned airport; however, it is open to the public for general aviation.

Government

Current county supervisors are Steve Bennett, Linda Parks, Kathy Long, Peter Foy, and John C. Zaragoza. Geoff Dean is the sheriff of the Ventura County Sheriff's Department. Mark Lorenzen is the chief of the Ventura County Fire Department.

Federal and state representation

Much of the county, including the cities of Thousand Oaks, Oxnard and Moorpark, lie within the 26th congressional district, which is represented by Democrat Julia Brownley.^[50] Other parts of the county are in California's 24th congressional district, represented by Democrat Lois Capps, California's 25th congressional district, represented by Republican Steve Knight, and California's 30th congressional district, represented by Democrat Brad Sherman.^[51] For the previous twenty five years, most of Ventura County was represented by Elton Gallegly, a conservative Republican from Simi Valley, who retired in 2012.

In the California State Senate, Ventura County is split between the 19th Senate District, represented by Democrat Hannah-Beth Jackson, and the 27th Senate District, represented by Democrat Henry Stern.^[52]

In the California State Assembly, Ventura County is split between four legislative districts:^[53]

• the 37th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Monique Limón,
• the 38th Assembly District, represented by Republican Dante Acosta,
• the 44th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Jacqui Irwin, and
• the 45th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Matt Dababneh.

Politics

Ventura County vote
by party in presidential elections^[54]

Year	GOP	DEM	Others
2016	37.2% 131,688	54.6% 193,185	8.1% 28,738
2012	45.2% 147,958	52.2% 170,929	2.7% 8,825
2008	42.8% 145,853	55.0% 187,601	2.2% 7,587
2004	51.2% 160,314	47.3% 148,859	1.3% 4,020
2000	48.2% 136,173	47.1% 133,258	4.7% 13,261
1996	43.5% 109,202	44.1% 110,772	12.4% 31,220
1992	35.5% 94,911	37.0% 99,011	27.5% 73,725
1988	61.6% 147,604	37.2% 89,065	1.2% 2,804
1984	68.7% 151,383	30.2% 66,550	1.2% 2,529
1980	60.3% 114,930	29.5% 56,311	10.2% 19,409
1976	53.2% 82,670	44.1% 68,529	2.7% 4,201
1972	63.2% 95,310	32.7% 49,307	4.1% 6,188
1968	51.4% 59,705	41.1% 47,794	7.5% 8,762
1964	41.0% 40,264	58.8% 57,805	0.2% 169
1960	49.6% 35,074	50.0% 35,334	0.5% 315
1956	49.9% 26,342	49.8% 26,276	0.3% 149
1952	52.5% 24,534	47.0% 21,967	0.6% 256
1948	42.2% 13,930	54.8% 18,100	3.1% 1,019
1944	40.2% 11,071	59.3% 16,342	0.5% 131
1940	42.2% 11,225	57.0% 15,182	0.9% 227
1936	35.8% 7,579	63.1% 13,384	1.1% 235
1932	37.3% 6,908	58.8% 10,903	3.9% 724
1928	70.2% 9,017	28.9% 3,717	0.9% 117
1924	65.2% 5,705	10.4% 911	24.4% 2,139
1920	76.0% 5,231	19.0% 1,305	5.0% 347

Ventura County vote
by party in gubernatorial elections

Year	GOP	DEM
2014	46.9% 93,797	53.1% 106,072
2010	49.3% 128,082	45.3% 117,800
2006	61.0% 134,862	34.3% 75,790
2003	51.5% 116,722	23.7% 53,705
2002	47.2% 91,193	43.2% 83,557
1998	43.8% 91,093	53.0% 110,226
1994	62.4% 136,417	33.4% 73,163
1990	57.6% 106,234	36.9% 68,139
1986	67.2% 118,640	31.1% 54,893
1982	55.2% 99,130	42.4% 76,094
1978	40.6% 57,777	52.8% 75,173
1974	50.5% 60,122	47.2% 56,189
1970	58.6% 63,790	38.9% 42,350
1966	60.9% 58,068	39.1% 37,224
1962	45.2% 31,899	53.5% 37,777

For many years, Ventura County voted consistently for Republican candidates for local, statewide and federal offices. Only recently has the county begun favoring Democratic candidates in both federal and state elections. While Republicans used to win a large majority of votes throughout the 1970s and 1980s, no party has received more than 55% of the county's vote since 1992. Prior to Barack Obama's victory in the county in 2008, the last Democrat to win a majority was Lyndon Johnson in 1964, though Democrat Bill Clinton carried the county by a plurality in 1992 and 1996.

On March 3, 2008, Democratic registration surpassed Republican registration and this Democratic edge has grown since.^[55] The cities of Camarillo, Moorpark, Simi Valley, and Thousand Oaks all have voter rolls with Republican pluralities. The remaining cities and towns in the county have a Democratic plurality or majority on the voter rolls, while the unincorporated areas are split almost evenly between the parties.

Voter registration statistics

Population and registered voters
Total population[56]	815,745
Registered voters[57][note 1]	431,154	52.9%
Democratic[57]	166,462	38.6%
Republican[57]	155,180	36.0%
Democratic–Republican spread[57]	+11,282	+2.6%
Independent[57]	11,072	2.6%
Green[57]	2,324	0.5%
Libertarian[57]	2,700	0.6%
Peace and Freedom[57]	926	0.2%
Americans Elect[57]	13	0.0%
Other[57]	5,733	1.3%
No party preference[57]	86,744	20.1%

Cities by population and voter registration

Cities by population and voter registration
City	Population[56]	Registered voters[57] [note 1]	Democratic[57]	Republican[57]	D–R spread[57]	Other[57]	No party preference[57]
Camarillo	64,340	63.2%	33.1%	43.2%	-10.1%	7.8%	18.6%
Fillmore	14,863	42.7%	47.0%	27.8%	+19.2%	7.7%	20.0%
Moorpark	34,100	58.6%	33.8%	40.8%	-7.0%	7.8%	20.2%
Ojai	7,496	65.9%	46.0%	27.3%	+18.7%	9.1%	20.2%
Oxnard	194,972	36.4%	51.6%	22.5%	+29.1%	6.4%	21.5%
Port Hueneme	21,717	40.4%	47.5%	25.2%	+22.3%	8.1%	21.8%
San Buenaventura (Ventura)	105,809	61.1%	42.4%	32.3%	+10.1%	8.5%	19.4%
Santa Paula	29,248	39.8%	53.4%	23.7%	+29.7%	6.6%	18.5%
Simi Valley	122,864	57.8%	30.3%	44.7%	-14.4%	8.2%	19.6%
Thousand Oaks	125,633	62.4%	31.9%	41.8%	-9.9%	8.0%	21.0%

Crime

The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense.

Population and crime rates
Population[56]	815,745
Violent crime[58]	2,021	2.48
Homicide[58]	29	0.04
Forcible rape[58]	116	0.14
Robbery[58]	757	0.93
Aggravated assault[58]	1,119	1.37
Property crime[58]	7,696	9.43
Burglary[58]	2,954	3.62
Larceny-theft[58][note 2]	11,221	13.76
Motor vehicle theft[58]	1,154	1.41
Arson[58]	113	0.14

Cities by population and crime rates

Cities by population and crime rates
City	Population[59]	Violent crimes[59]	Violent crime rate per 1,000 persons	Property crimes[59]	Property crime rate per 1,000 persons
Camarillo	66,506	61	0.92	955	14.36
Fillmore	15,298	24	1.57	198	12.94
Moorpark	35,102	41	1.17	330	9.40
Ojai	7,607	13	1.71	162	21.30
Oxnard	201,797	603	2.99	4,071	20.17
Port Hueneme	22,142	65	2.94	467	21.09
Santa Paula	29,899	91	3.04	590	19.73
Simi Valley	126,686	141	1.11	1,916	15.12
Thousand Oaks	129,171	157	1.22	1,838	14.23
Ventura	108,511	310	2.86	3,885	35.80

Demographics

2011

Population, race, and income
Total population[56]	815,745
White[56]	578,324	70.9%
Black or African American[56]	14,435	1.8%
American Indian or Alaska Native[56]	9,186	1.1%
Asian[56]	56,230	6.9%
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander[56]	1,410	0.2%
Some other race[56]	123,892	15.2%
Two or more races[56]	32,268	4.0%
Hispanic or Latino (of any race)[60]	323,735	39.7%
Per capita income[61]	$32,740
Median household income[62]	$76,728
Median family income[63]	$86,321

Places by population, race, and income

Places by population and race
Place	Type[64]	Population[56]	White[56]	Other[56] [note 3]	Asian[56]	Black or African American[56]	Native American[56] [note 4]	Hispanic or Latino (of any race)[60]
Bell Canyon	CDP	2,291	83.9%	3.0%	10.3%	0.0%	2.7%	3.4%
Camarillo	City	64,340	73.0%	13.8%	10.7%	1.4%	1.0%	24.5%
Casa Conejo	CDP	3,424	89.0%	4.6%	2.1%	4.3%	0.0%	32.6%
Channel Islands Beach	CDP	3,299	94.0%	4.8%	1.2%	0.0%	0.0%	19.2%
El Rio	CDP	6,014	60.2%	35.9%	1.6%	1.5%	0.9%	79.5%
Fillmore	City	14,863	60.4%	35.0%	3.2%	0.6%	0.9%	74.8%
Lake Sherwood	CDP	1,396	88.4%	6.0%	0.5%	2.5%	2.6%	2.9%
Meiners Oaks	CDP	3,339	79.5%	15.4%	0.8%	1.1%	3.2%	29.3%
Mira Monte	CDP	7,666	86.7%	9.2%	1.8%	0.9%	1.4%	15.7%
Moorpark	City	34,100	75.1%	18.3%	5.4%	1.0%	0.2%	31.2%
Oak Park	CDP	14,045	85.4%	4.3%	9.6%	0.6%	0.0%	6.2%
Oak View	CDP	4,166	81.0%	17.3%	0.0%	0.0%	1.7%	27.8%
Ojai	City	7,496	84.4%	13.4%	2.0%	0.0%	0.1%	17.0%
Oxnard	City	194,972	59.7%	26.6%	7.9%	3.2%	2.6%	71.6%
Piru	CDP	1,638	60.0%	39.9%	0.0%	0.2%	0.0%	83.6%
Port Hueneme	City	21,717	63.6%	19.5%	7.1%	5.1%	4.7%	51.3%
San Buenaventura (Ventura)	City	105,809	73.4%	21.0%	3.2%	1.4%	1.0%	32.8%
Santa Paula	City	29,248	53.0%	45.5%	0.6%	0.2%	0.7%	78.8%
Santa Rosa Valley	CDP	3,143	91.8%	3.3%	4.9%	0.0%	0.0%	6.5%
Santa Susana	CDP	1,115	92.4%	4.8%	0.0%	2.8%	0.0%	8.1%
Saticoy	CDP	851	59.3%	36.3%	0.0%	0.0%	4.3%	74.7%
Simi Valley	City	122,864	74.8%	14.3%	8.8%	1.2%	0.9%	24.3%
Thousand Oaks	City	125,633	79.6%	9.1%	9.8%	1.1%	0.4%	16.0%

Places by population and income
Place	Type[64]	Population[65]	Per capita income[61]	Median household income[62]	Median family income[63]
Bell Canyon	CDP	2,291	$85,789	$220,764	$230,455
Camarillo	City	64,340	$37,840	$84,168	$101,334
Casa Conejo	CDP	3,424	$26,950	$84,286	$86,630
Channel Islands Beach	CDP	3,299	$53,891	$70,313	$69,333
El Rio	CDP	6,014	$15,861	$56,415	$58,665
Fillmore	City	14,863	$20,582	$60,605	$67,784
Lake Sherwood	CDP	1,396	$104,724	$210,391	$211,484
Meiners Oaks	CDP	3,339	$33,264	$51,955	$73,365
Mira Monte	CDP	7,666	$32,718	$71,723	$83,968
Moorpark	City	34,100	$36,375	$103,009	$107,412
Oak Park	CDP	14,045	$55,681	$128,618	$143,188
Oak View	CDP	4,166	$38,062	$80,614	$81,750
Ojai	City	7,496	$36,769	$63,750	$89,338
Oxnard	City	194,972	$20,612	$60,191	$61,965
Piru	CDP	1,638	$15,730	$49,141	$47,734
Port Hueneme	City	21,717	$23,391	$52,244	$56,566
San Buenaventura (Ventura)	City	105,809	$31,775	$66,226	$81,616
Santa Paula	City	29,248	$19,713	$53,359	$55,399
Santa Rosa Valley	CDP	3,143	$71,594	$154,931	$176,938
Santa Susana	CDP	1,115	$40,271	$111,610	$112,027
Saticoy	CDP	851	$12,192	$34,375	$35,299
Simi Valley	City	122,864	$35,467	$89,452	$97,999
Thousand Oaks	City	125,633	$46,093	$100,373	$112,876

2010

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1880	5,073		—
1890	10,071		98.5%
1900	14,367		42.7%
1910	18,347		27.7%
1920	28,724		56.6%
1930	54,976		91.4%
1940	69,685		26.8%
1950	114,647		64.5%
1960	199,138		73.7%
1970	376,430		89.0%
1980	529,174		40.6%
1990	669,016		26.4%
2000	753,197		12.6%
2010	823,318		9.3%
Est. 2015	850,536	[66]	3.3%
U.S. Decennial Census[67] 1790-1960[68] 1900-1990[69] 1990-2000[70] 2010–2015[3]

The 2010 United States Census reported that Ventura County had a population of 823,318. The racial makeup of Ventura County was 565,804 (68.7%) White, 15,163 (1.8%) African American, 8,068 (1.0%) Native American, 55,446 (6.7%) Asian, 1,643 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 140,253 (17.0%) from other races, and 36,941 (4.5%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 331,567 persons (40.3%).^[71]

Population reported at 2010 United States Census
The County	Total Population	White	African American	Native American	Asian	Pacific Islander	other races	two or more races	Hispanic or Latino (of any race)
Ventura County	823,318	565,804	15,163	8,068	55,446	1,643	140,253	36,941	331,567
Incorporated cities and towns	Total Population	White	African American	Native American	Asian	Pacific Islander	other races	two or more races	Hispanic or Latino (of any race)
Camarillo	65,201	48,947	1,216	397	6,633	116	4,774	3,118	14,958
Fillmore	15,002	8,581	75	180	155	12	5,204	795	11,212
Moorpark	34,421	25,860	533	248	2,352	50	3,727	1,651	10,813
Ojai	7,461	6,555	42	47	158	1	440	218	1,339
Oxnard	197,899	95,346	5,771	2,953	14,550	658	69,527	9,094	145,551
Port Hueneme	21,723	12,357	1,111	295	1,299	119	5,224	1,318	11,360
Santa Paula	29,321	18,458	152	460	216	24	8,924	1,087	23,299
Simi Valley	124,237	93,597	1,739	761	11,555	178	10,685	5,722	28,938
Thousand Oaks	126,683	101,702	1,674	497	11,043	146	6,869	4,752	21,341
Ventura	106,433	81,553	1,724	1,287	3,663	206	12,486	5,514	33,874
Census-designated places	Total Population	White	African American	Native American	Asian	Pacific Islander	other races	two or more races	Hispanic or Latino (of any race)
Bell Canyon	2,049	1,724	58	4	179	0	10	74	103
Casa Conejo	3,249	2,560	27	20	160	4	327	151	851
Channel Islands Beach	3,103	2,712	27	16	108	6	103	131	402
El Rio	7,198	3,495	58	201	73	24	3,027	320	6,188
Lake Sherwood	1,527	1,368	5	1	101	0	9	43	52
Meiners Oaks	3,571	2,789	14	58	51	1	549	109	1,068
Mira Monte	6,854	5,989	43	61	129	3	406	223	1,254
Oak Park	13,811	11,473	141	32	1,556	9	162	438	826
Oak View	4,066	3,227	11	63	34	3	575	153	1,217
Piru	2,063	1,063	16	43	11	0	830	100	1,748
Santa Rosa Valley	3,334	2,904	23	13	187	4	102	101	353
Santa Susana	1,037	904	17	2	23	0	33	58	156
Saticoy	1,029	413	9	29	2	0	508	68	895
Unincorporated communities	Total Population	White	African American	Native American	Asian	Pacific Islander	other races	two or more races	Hispanic or Latino (of any race)
All others not CDPs (combined)	42,046	32,227	677	400	1,208	79	5,752	1,703	13,769

2000

As of the census^[72] of 2000, there were 753,197 people, 243,234 households, and 182,911 families living in the county. The population density was 408 people per square mile (158/km²). There were 251,712 housing units at an average density of 136 per square mile (53/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 69.9% White, 5.4% Asian, 2.0% Black or African American, 0.9% Native American, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 17.7% from other races, and 3.9% from two or more races. About one third (33.4%) of the population is Hispanic or Latino of any race. 9.8% were of German, 7.7% English and 7.1% Irish ancestry according to Census 2000. 67.1% spoke English, 26.2% Spanish and 1.5% Tagalog as their first language.

There were 243,234 households, of which 39.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.5% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.8% were non-families. 18.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.04 and the average family size was 3.46.

In the county the population was spread out, with 28.4% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 30.7% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 10.2% who were 65 or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 99.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.5 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $59,666, and the median income for a family was $65,285. Males had a median income of $45,310, versus $32,216 for females. The per capita income for the county was $24,600. About 6.4% of families and 9.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.6% of those under age 18 and 6.3% of those aged 65 or over.

According to an updated 2005 US Census, median household income was $66,859, while the mean was $85,032. Per capita income was up to $29,634, making it the 6th wealthiest county in California.

Sports

The city of Ventura is home to the soccer club, Ventura County Fusion, of the USL Premier Development League.

Metropolitan Statistical Area

The United States Office of Management and Budget has designated Ventura County as the Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area.^[73] The United States Census Bureau ranked the Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area as the 66th most populous metropolitan statistical area of the United States as of July 1, 2012.^[74]

The Office of Management and Budget has further designated the Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area as a component of the more extensive Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA Combined Statistical Area,^[73] the second most populous combined statistical area and primary statistical area of the United States as of July 1, 2012.^[74][75]

Environment

In 2010, the County of Ventura completed a solar energy system 492 kilowatts DC in size, on several County buildings. The systems were financed using a solar power purchase agreement, which required no upfront cash from the County. The systems are owned, maintained, and operated by Solar Power Partners and its investors, and were designed and constructed by Solar Power, Inc. The County pays for the solar-generated electricity generated by the system, offsetting a portion of its utility costs.

Libraries

Public Libraries: Ventura County Library—14 locations, Camarillo Public Library, Simi Valley Public Library, Oxnard Public Library, Thousand Oaks Library (Grant R. Brimhall Library), Moorpark City Library, and Blanchard Community Library (in Santa Paula).

Academic Libraries: California State University Channel Islands, California Lutheran University, Thomas Aquinas College, Moorpark College, Oxnard College, and Ventura College.

Other: Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Ventura County Law Library.

Communities

Cities

Census-designated places

Other unincorporated communities

Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of Ventura County.^[76]

† county seat

Rank	City/Town/etc.	Municipal type	Population (2010 Census)
1	Oxnard	City	197,899
2	Thousand Oaks	City	126,683
3	Simi Valley	City	124,237
4	† Ventura (San Buenaventura)	City	106,433
5	Camarillo	City	65,201
6	Moorpark	City	34,421
7	Santa Paula	City	29,321
8	Port Hueneme	City	21,723
9	Fillmore	City	15,002
10	Oak Park	CDP	13,811
11	Ojai	City	7,461
12	El Rio	CDP	7,198
13	Mira Monte	CDP	6,854
14	Oak View	CDP	4,066
15	Meiners Oaks	CDP	3,571
16	Santa Rosa Valley	CDP	3,334
17	Casa Conejo	CDP	3,249
18	Channel Islands Beach	CDP	3,103
19	Piru	CDP	2,063
20	Bell Canyon	CDP	2,049
21	Lake Sherwood	CDP	1,527
22	Santa Susana	CDP	1,037
23	Saticoy	CDP	1,029

In popular culture

Lake Sherwood is so called due to its use as the location for Sherwood Forest in the 1922 film, Robin Hood, starring Douglas Fairbanks.^[77][78] The 1938 film, The Adventures of Robin Hood, starring Errol Flynn, also had a major scene shot on location at "Sherwood Forest".^[79]

On July 23, 1982 actor Vic Morrow and two children actors (My-Ca Dinh Le and Renee Shin-Ye Chen) were filming a helicopter scene for Twilight Zone: The Movie in the area of Indian Dunes in Ventura County when the helicopter lost control and crashed on top of them. Morrow and Le were decapitated and Chen was fatally crushed.

In 1963, the Korean War story The Young and The Brave, featuring a brave and resourceful young boy, was filmed in rural areas of Ventura County.

Also, in 2000 the movie Swordfish filmed the final bank scene on East Main Street in Ventura. The building they used is the white building on the corner. 34°16′51″N 119°17′41″W / 34.280823°N 119.294599°W / 34.280823; -119.294599

In 2009, the popular VH1 television show Tool Academy was filmed in Ventura County.

The movie Back to the Future Part III filmed the scene where Marty returns to the year 1985 in the time-traveling DeLorean at the railroad crossing at S Ventura Rd & Shoreview Dr in Port Hueneme.

Many films including Little Miss Sunshine, Chinatown, Erin Brockovich, The Aviator, and The Rock were partly filmed in Ventura.

Downtown Ventura also hosts the Majestic Ventura Theater, a beautiful early century theatre, which is situated about two blocks away from city hall. It is the region's most prominent local musical venue and hosts concerts regularly. The theater has hosted many internationally famous bands such as Gregg Allman, John Prine, Glenn Frey, The Doors, Devo, Joe Walsh, King's X, Van Halen, X, Paramore, She Wants Revenge, Pennywise, Red Hot Chili Peppers, DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince, The Game, DJ Quik, Lamb of God, Social Distortion, Bad Religion, Thrice, Avenged Sevenfold, Fugazi, Incubus, Tom Petty, America, They Might Be Giants, and Modest Mouse, as well as successful local artists such as Army of Freshmen, Big Bad Voodoo Daddy and Bruce Kimmell.

See also

• Burro Flats Painted Cave
• List of schools in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles
• Los Angeles Times suburban sections
• National Register of Historic Places listings in Ventura County, California
• Ventura County Air Pollution Control District

Notes

References

Further reading

• Charles Montville Gidney, Benjamin Brooks, and Edwin M. Sheridan, History of Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo and Ventura Counties, California. In two volumes. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Co., 1917. Volume 1 | Volume 2
• Yda Addis Storke, A Memorial and Biographical History of the Counties of Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo and Ventura, California.... Chicago: Lewis Publishing Co., 1891.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ventura County, California.

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Ventura County.

• Official website
• Oxnard Transportation Center A Major Transportation Hub of Southern California
• Ventura County Star, largest Ventura County daily news organization, Scripps chain newspaper
• The Ojai and Ventura VIEW, only true locally owned alternative press, a monthly newspaper
• VC Reporter, a weekly chain newsmagazine with a pro-urban developer bias, owned by southland publications corp. based in Pasadena.
• Ventura County Crime Blog, Crime, trials, and reports in Ventura County
• News from Ventura County, from the Los Angeles Times website
• Ventura County Air Pollution Control District
• Ventura County Law Library—open to the public
• Ventura County on the National Association Of Counties
• VenturaCountyWest visitors guide by Ventura County Lodging Association

		Kern County
	Santa Barbara County		Los Angeles County
		Ventura County, California
		Pacific Ocean	Los Angeles County

Coordinates: 34°22′N 119°09′W / 34.36°N 119.15°W / 34.36; -119.15