Or Zaruaa Synagogue

Or Zaruaa Synagogue

Or Zaruaa Synagogue, founded by Rabbi Amram Aburbeh in the Nachlaot neighbourhood, Jerusalem.
Basic information
Location Israel 3 Shmuel Refaeli Street, Nachlaot, Jerusalem,
Geographic coordinates 31°46′49.73″N 35°12′45.4″E / 31.7804806°N 35.212611°E / 31.7804806; 35.212611
Affiliation Orthodox Judaism
Rite Sephardic
Status Active
Leadership founder Rabbi Amram Aburbeh
Architectural description
Architectural style Synagogue Traditional Spanish North-African. Preservation site architectural and cultural heritage protection
Completed 1927
Specifications
Direction of façade East
Capacity 150
Materials Jerusalem stone

The Or Zaruaa Synagogue, Nachlaot, Jerusalem- בית כנסת אור זרוע, נחלאות, ירושלים was founded in 1926 (5687 Jewish Calendar) by Rabbi Amram Aburbeh for the Ma’araviim Jewish congregation in Jerusalem. It is located on 3 Shmuel Refaeli Street in the Nachalat Ahim neighbourhood in Jerusalem.[1][2]

The synagogue was named Or Zaruaa after the Beth Midrash (study hall) that was held by Rabbi Shlomo Aburbeh, Rabbi Amram Aburbeh's father in his residence located in Avraham Azriel's court in the Old City of Jerusalem .[3]

Building

Site

Jerusalem - Or Zaruaa Synagogue. Entrance gate. Or Zaruaa Synagogue, Jerusalem Preservation site on 3 Refaeli street. Its name is indicated on Jerusalem stone bricks exterior wall.

The Or Zaruaa Synagogue is listed among the sites for historic preservation by the Jerusalem municipality.[4][5][6][7] The preservation site number of the synagogue is 2638.[8] On 19 February 1997, Judge V. Ziler, President of the Jerusalem District Court, ruled that the synagogue would be declared permanently "Hekdesh," or consecrated.[9]

Description

The Or Zaruaa Synagogue is a two-storied building situated on a hill, with an area of 258 square meters, in the Nachlaot neighborhood, located in the center of Jerusalem. The exterior walls are covered with Jerusalem stone, as mandated for all buildings in Jerusalem. The first floor was built to provide the Rabbi and leader of the community a home. Today this space is used as a kindergarten. The second floor is the synagogue itself. The synagogue is designed in a typical Spanish North-African style, where the seating for the men surrounds the Bimah (stage). The hall has a very high ceiling, and it includes a gallery section for the women (ezrat nashim). Tall windows are accentuated by massive stone frames, curved at the top. The window panes are decorated with paintings and ornaments.

Or Zaruaa synagogue in Jerusalem, Israel (interior). High ceilings, large high windows, decorated with stained glass, curved at the top. Great Italian chandelier.

History

Rabbi Amram Aburbeh began the project of building a new Synagogue to accommodate the growing number of Ma’araviim Maghrebi Jewish families that were exiting the walls of the Old City of Jerusalem and settling in newer neighborhoods. He approached Don Yamin Ben Harroch, who headed the Jewish community in Melilla, Spain, and was known for his philanthropy.[10] The project appealed to Ben Harroch, so he agreed to contribute funds to enable the construction.

Cornerstone laying ceremony for the Or Zaruaa synagogue on October 26, 1926.

On Tuesday, October 26, 1926, (18 Cheshvan 5687 Jewish calendar) the cornerstone laying ceremony for the Synagogue building took place in the Nachalat Ahim neighbourhood. At 3 pm the celebration started with the Beit Chinuch Ivrim (The Blind School) youth orchestra. Several leaders of the Jewish communities in Jerusalem were invited to be present. There were the Rabbis representing Sephardi Jews and Ashkenazi Jews. Among them were Rabbis Shmuel Azran, Harav Hanazir-Rabbi David Ha-Cohen, Harlap, Ovadia Hadaya, Shimon Ashriki, and Shmuel Allaluf. The speaker at the ceremony was Avraham Elmalih,[11] a representative of the Ma’araviim committee. The first stone was placed by Rabbi Nissim Elishar, followed by the other guests. Amram Aburbeh insisted that only Jewish workers would be permitted to work on the building.[12]

Rabbi Amram Aburbeh headed the Or Zaruaa synagogue since its inception in 1926 till 1951 when he was elected to be Chief Rabbi in Petah Tikva, Israel.

Activities

The new synagogue was inaugurated in 1927. Amram Aburbeh, the official owner of the Synagogue, served as its Rabbi. For a few years he was a resident in an apartment designated for him and his family on the first floor of the building until he built a house nearby. The apartment then became the residence of Haim Kobi, the Gabai of the Synagogue, and his family for the next 40 years. Or Zaruaa served as a Synagogue as well as a Beit Midrash, where lessons were taught. The Synagogue congregation participated for several years in Tzedakah, or charity activities, such as a donation in 1931 to the Misgav Ladach Jewish Hospital in Jerusalem.

Or Zaruaa Synagogue Jerusalem donation by HaRav Amram Aburbeh to Misgav Ladach Hospital, 1931

Amram Aburbeh asked each member of Or Zaruaa Synagogue to donate and contribute even a small amount of coins to support the Misgav Ladach Hospital. Among the list of family names, it is evident that the members were of many origins (Yemenite, Eini family; the Tzdaka family from Aleppo, Syria; the Abulafia family from Gallipoli, Turkey; the Mizrachi from Iraq; Iran; Bukhara, Uzbekistan). Rabbi Amram Aburbeh was nominated the Chief Rabbi of the Nachlaot neighborhood in Jerusalem by the Chief Rabbi of Eretz Israel, Ha'Rishon Le-Tzion, Rabbi Ben-Zion Meir Hai Uziel.

Or Zaruaa Synagogue served as an voting locations during the elections in January 1931.[13][14]

Connections to other synagogues

Between 1925 and 1927 Yamin Ben Harroch also allocated money for the construction of another Synagogue[15] in his home town of Melilla, Spain, where Enrique Nieto designed the building. This Synagogue was also named Or Zaruaa.[16]

Both Or Zaruaa Synagogues also resemble each other in several aspects of their interior design, such as the high ceilings, the marble stone walls with engraved dedications, colored stained glass tall curved windows, the ladies gallery (ezrat nashim) design and the unique multiple illuminating chandeliers. The chandeliers, originally from Italy, are still present in both synagogues, although they are now electric. The chandeliers gave the name Or Zaruaa a special meaning since "Or" in Hebrew means "light".[17][18]

The interior of the building shows two memorial marble plates dedicated to the major donor Yamin Ben Harroch.

Or Brit Kodesh, BRIT, the bilingual magazine of Moroccan Jews edited by Asher Knafo, published in 2016, volume 34 an article "Or Zaruaa - Jerusalem - Melilla, two synagogues" (pages 72-80). In 2011 the artist Hai Knafo was inspired by Or Zaruaa and dedicated a painting titled "Starlight Sower".

"Starlight Sower" painting by Hai Knafo inspired by Or Zaruaa Jerusalem

Rabbi Amram Aburbeh continued his family tradition of building Synagogues, and founded in the Sephardic Synagogue called Beit Avraham in Petah Tikva. In 1970 his son Ehud Avivi-Aburbeh was among the founders of the Synagogue Beit HaKnesset HaKipah HaAl-Adati and Beit Midrash named Netivei-Am after Rabbi Amram Aburbeh opus, in Shechunah Hey neighbourhood in Beer-Sheva.[19][20][21][22][23]

See also

References

  1. ↑ עמרם אבורביע בעל נתיבי-עם ורב ראשי בפתח תקוה 1951-1967. Jewish Encyclopedia Daat (in Hebrew). Herzog College. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  2. ↑ "בית כנסת אור זרוע". Daat.ac.il. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  3. ↑ "סיפורי ארץ-ישראל - מצבות מדברות 1950 – 1850". Israelitombstones.blogspot.ca. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  4. ↑ The official document of the government of Israel Reshumot Portofolio of notifications, from November 5, 1989 states that Or Zaruaa synagogue is building number 14 among the list of buildings having architectural and/or historic value in the center of the city Jerusalem - plan 3242, documentation files, the site number 2638.
  5. ↑ "Law 10" (PDF). Nevo.co.il. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  6. ↑ "Error". Jerusalem.muni.il. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  7. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20130708191106/http://www.jerusalem.muni.il/jer_main/defaultnew.asp?lng=2. Archived from the original on July 8, 2013. Retrieved August 13, 2013. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  8. ↑ "Jerdoc Files". Jerdocfiles.jerusalem.muni.il. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  9. ↑ Hekdesh Hebrew [הקדש] is a general term describing a property held by a public institute, religious or non—religious, that serves for public use.
  10. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20130922075641/http://www.jpress.org.il/Default/Scripting/ArticleWin_TAU.asp?From=Search&Key=DHY/1926/10/27/4/Ar00405.xml&CollName=DHY_Default&DOCID=102402&PageLabelPrint=4&Skin=TAUHe&enter=true&Hs=advanced&AW=1371702148443&sPublication=DAV&sPublication=HZN&sPublication=HYM&sPublication=HLB&sPublication=MGD&sPublication=HMZ&sPublication=HZV&sPublication=HZF&sPublication=HSK&sPublication=HZT&sPublication=MAR&sPublication=IVA&sPublication=LLR&sPublication=HED&sPublication=HHR&sPublication=KMD&sPublication=MAD&sPublication=DHY&sPublication=HYT&sPublication=AHR&sPublication=HRT&sPublication=HMD&sPublication=MRH&sPublication=TAS&sPublication=HMI&sPublication=MZP&sPublication=HZH&sPublication=HAM&sPublication=DMT&sScopeID=All&sSorting=Score%2cdesc&sQuery=%u05e2%u05de%u05e8%u05dd%20%u05d0%u05d1%u05d5%u05e8%u05d1%u05d9%u05e2&rEntityType=&sSearchInAll=false&RefineQueryView=&StartFrom=10&ViewMode=HTML. Archived from the original on September 22, 2013. Retrieved August 13, 2013. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  11. ↑ . Knesset.gov.il http://knesset.gov.il/mk/heb/mk.asp?mk_individual_id_t=260. Retrieved 21 December 2014. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  12. ↑ "הגאון ר' עמרם אבורביע זצ"ל". Meirtv.co.il. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  13. ↑ "הגאון ר' עמרם אבורביע זצ"ל". Meirtv.co.il. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  14. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20130922120334/http://jpress.org.il/Default/Scripting/ArticleWin_TAU.asp?From=Search&Key=DHY/1931/02/06/1/Ar00117.xml&CollName=DHY_Default&DOCID=171116&PageLabelPrint=1&Skin=TAUHe&enter=true&Hs=advanced&AppName=2&AW=1377778027714&sPublication=DAV&sPublication=HZN&sPublication=HYM&sPublication=HLB&sPublication=MGD&sPublication=HMZ&sPublication=HZV&sPublication=HZF&sPublication=HSK&sPublication=HZT&sPublication=MAR&sPublication=IVA&sPublication=LLR&sPublication=HED&sPublication=HHR&sPublication=KMD&sPublication=MAD&sPublication=DHY&sPublication=HYT&sPublication=AHR&sPublication=HRT&sPublication=HMD&sPublication=MRH&sPublication=TAS&sPublication=HMI&sPublication=MZP&sPublication=HZH&sPublication=HAM&sPublication=UES&sPublication=DMT&sPublication=HMF&tauLanguage=&sScopeID=All&sSorting=Score%2cdesc&sQuery=%u05d9%u05e9%u05d9%u05d1%u05ea%20%u05d0%u05d5%u05e8%20%u05d6%u05e8%u05d5%u05e2&rEntityType=&sSearchInAll=false&ViewMode=HTML. Archived from the original on September 22, 2013. Retrieved September 2, 2013. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  15. ↑ "Sinagoga Or Zaruah - Melilla". Wikimapia.org. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  16. ↑ Noach Klinger article: Melilla, the far brothers (In Spanish: Melilla los hermanos lejanos)
  17. ↑ "בית כנסת ספרדי בירושלים". צילום מזווית אישית. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  18. ↑ "The World's Best Photos of zaruah - Flickr Hive Mind". P74107410.wordpress.com. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  19. ↑ "בית מוריה - מידע למתעניינים ב"ש". Bmoriah.org.il. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  20. ↑ "בית כנסת הכיפה". Kipa.co.il. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  21. ↑ "עמותת בית הכנסת העל-עדתי שכונה ה" לדוגמא באר שבע". Bamercaz.co.il. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  22. ↑ "Yakov Ganan (195) interviewed by Magda Barnea about the beginning days of synagogue HaKipah Al Adati, file 1555-02 cassette 1066". Bgu.ac.il. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  23. ↑ "A wall added to entrance of HaKipah synagogue December 30, 2009". Mouse.co.il. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  24. ↑ "משפחת כנפו ממוגדור". Wikigenia.org.il. Retrieved 21 December 2014.

Coordinates: 31°46′49.73″N 35°12′45.4″E / 31.7804806°N 35.212611°E / 31.7804806; 35.212611

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