Battle of Livno

The Battle of Livno is the name of several battles fought over the town of Livno during World War II, which changed hands between the Independent State of Croatia and Partisan forces several times.

Operation Beta

Operation Beta
Part of World War II in Yugoslavia
Date 21 – 23 October 1942 Location Livno Result Partisans withdraw, Axis takes Livno
Belligerents
Italy  Independent State of Croatia	Yugoslav partisans

Operation Beta followed on the heels of Operation Alfa in which Italian forces retook Prozor from the Partisans. Ten Italian battalions and two Ustaše battalions took the city from the Partisans with neither side suffering many casualties.^[1]

Battle for Livno (late 1942)

Battle of Livno
Part of World War II in Yugoslavia
Date 5–15 December 1942 Location Livno Result Ustaše withdrawal, Partisans take Livno
Belligerents
Independent State of Croatia 5th Ustaše Brigade	Yugoslav partisans 2nd Proletarian Division
Commanders and leaders
Rafael Boban
Strength
1200 soldiers	3000 soldiers

The defence of the city was led by Rafael Boban and elements of his Black Legion. The battle resulted in Boban's forces retreating from Livno. Approximately 100 Croatian soldiers and 74 Partisan soldiers were killed in the battle.^[2]

Operation Ziethen

Operation Ziethen
Part of World War II in Yugoslavia
Date 4–6 December 1943 Location Livno Result Axis victory
Belligerents
Nazi Germany  Independent State of Croatia	Yugoslav partisans

Operation Ziethen was a German-Croatian military operation which sought to reestablish control over the Livno–Šuica–Duvno area.^[3] The entire operation was a great success for the Axis forces. A mass grave containing over 1000 bodies of people executed by the Partisans was subsequently discovered near Livno. The success of the operation resulted in over 1000 volunteers from the area to join the Croatian forces.^[3]

Notes

References

• Marijan, Davor, “Livno mora pasti”: borbe dijelova V. ustaškog stajaćeg zdruga s II. proleterskom divizijom za Livno u prosincu 1942. godine, Croatian Institute of History, 2008.

Coordinates: 43°50′N 17°04′E / 43.833°N 17.067°E / 43.833; 17.067

Wars and battles involving Croatia
Medieval wars and battles	8th/9th-century battles Siege of Trsat Rebellion of Ljudevit Battle of Kupa Battle of Makarska (887) Croatian–Hungarian wars Battle of Drava River (925) Battle of Gvozd Mountain Croatian–Bulgarian wars Croatian–Bulgarian battle of 927 Siege of Zadar (998) Croatian–Venetian wars Battle of Omiš (948) Battle of Lastovo (1000) Siege of Zadar (1345–46) High and Late Middle Ages wars and battles Siege of Zadar Fourth Crusade Fifth Crusade Battle of Mohi Battle of Bliska Bosnian-Dubrovnik War (1403-1404) Battle of Samobor Crusade of Varna Battle of Una Battle of Vrpile Gulch
Croatian–Ottoman Wars	Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War (1493–1593) Battle of Krbava field Battle of Dubica Siege of Knin Battle of Mohács Siege of Jajce Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528 Balkan campaign of 1529 Little War in Hungary Siege of Kőszeg Siege of Klis Battle of Gorjani Siege of Đurđevac (1552) Siege of Szigetvar Siege of Gvozdansko Battle of Slunj Siege of Bihać (1592) Battle of Brest (1592) Battle of Sisak Long War (1593–1606) Battle of Brest (1596) Battle of Keresztes Austro-Turkish War (1663–1664) First Battle of Novi Zrin Battle of Otočac (1663) Second Battle of Novi Zrin Siege of Novi Zrin (1664) Battle of Saint Gotthard (1664) Great Turkish War (1683–1699) Battle of Mohács (1687) Battle of Slankamen Battle of Senta 18th-century Ottoman wars Battle of Saint Gotthard (1705) Battle of Petrovaradin Battle of Banja Luka Battle of Drežnik (1788) Battle of Cetingrad (1790)
European 17th/18th-century wars	Thirty Years' War Uskok War Battle of Sablat Siege of Heidelberg (1622) Sack of Magdeburg Battle of Breitenfeld (1631) Battle of Lützen (1632) Battle of Nördlingen (1634) Seven Years' War Battle of Lobositz Battle of Kolín Battle of Breslau (1757) Battle of Hochkirch Battle of Meissen Battle of Landeshut (1760) Battle of Liegnitz (1760)
19th-century wars	French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars Battle of Castiglione Battle of Bassano Battle of Ostrach Battle of Stockach (1799) Battle of Marengo Battle of Caldiero (1805) Battle of Austerlitz Battle of Landshut (1809) Battle of Neumarkt-Sankt Veit Battle of Sankt Michael Battle of Raab Battle of Graz Battle of Leipzig Hungarian Revolution of 1848 Battle of Pákozd Vienna Uprising Battle of Schwechat Battle of Mór Battle of Kápolna Battles of Komárom First battle) Second battle Third battle Battle of Temesvár Third Italian War of Independence Battle of Custoza Battle of Vis Austro-Hungarian – Bosnia-Herzegovinian War Battle of Jajce (1878) Battle of Vitez (1878) Battle of Sarajevo (1878) Battle of Livno (1878)
20th-century wars	World War I Serbian Campaign Adriatic Campaign Battle of Galicia Battle of Soča Battle of Caporetto Bombardment of Ancona Battle of the Piave River Battle of Vittorio Veneto World War II Invasion of Yugoslavia Battle of Kozara Battle of Livno Battle of Stalingrad Battle of Neretva Operation Otto Battle of the Sutjeska Raid on Drvar Syrmian Front Battle of Knin Battle of Mostar Battle on Lijevče field Battle of Sarajevo (1945) Croatian War of Independence (1991–1995) Pakrac clash Plitvice Lakes incident Borovo Selo killings Operation Stinger 1991 Yugoslav campaign in Croatia Dalj massacre Battle of Osijek Battle of Vukovar Vukovar massacre Battle of Gospić Battle of Šibenik Battle of Zadar Battle of Kusonje Battle of the Barracks Siege of Varaždin Barracks Siege of Bjelovar Barracks Battle of the Dalmatian channels Gospić massacre Siege of Dubrovnik Operation Otkos 10 Operation Orkan 91 Operation Whirlwind Operation Baranja Operation Jackal Battle of the Miljevci Plateau Operation Tiger Operation Maslenica Operation Medak Pocket Operation Winter '94 Operation Flash Operation Summer '95 Operation Storm War in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992–1995) Battle of Kupres (1992) Siege of Sarajevo Siege of Bihać Operation Vrbas '92 Operation Koridor Battle of Žepče Siege of Mostar Operation Neretva '93 Operation Tvigi 94 Battle of Kupres (Operation Cincar) Battle of Orašje Operation Maestral 2 Operation Una Operation Southern Move
21st-century conflicts	War in Afghanistan (2001–2014) International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) (2003–2014) Golan Heights ceasefire after Yom Kippur War United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) (2008–2013) War in Afghanistan (2015–present) Resolute Support Mission Force (RS) (2015–present)
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