Mian Muhammad Bakhsh

Shrine of Mian Muhammad Bakhsh, author of Punjabi epic fantasy "Saiful Mulook" & "Mirza Sahiban", in Kharri Sharif, Mirpur, Pakistan
Mirpur
Mian Muhammad Baksh میاں محمد بخش
Born 1830
Khari Sharif, Kashmir
Died 1907
Khari Sharif, Kashmir
Occupation Poet
Genre Sufi poetry
Notable works Sayful Mulūk

Mīān Muhammad Bakhsh (Punjabi: میاں محمد بخش ) was a Sufi saint and a Punjabi Hindko poet. He belonged to the Qadri tariqah. He is especially renowned as the author of a book of poetry called Saif-ul-Malūk as well as the romance tragedy Mirza Sahiban. He was born in a village called Khari Sharif, situated near Mirpur, Azad Kashmir.

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Lineage

He was a fourth generation spiritual descendant of Damriyan Wali Sarkar, who is buried in Khari Sharif. Damriyan Wali Sarkar's khalīfah was Dīn Muhammad; and his khalīfah was Mīān Shamsuddīn, who had three sons: Mīān Bahāval Bakhsh, Mīān Muhammad Bakhsh and Mīān 'Alī Bakhsh. Mīān Muhammad Bakhsh's ancestors were of Gujjar origins and he belonged to the Poswal tribe, but had later settled in the Mirpur District of Azad Jammu & Kashmir. .[1]

Dispute about date of birth

There is considerable disagreement about his year of birth. Mahbūb 'Alī Faqīr Qādirī, in a biography printed as an appendix to the text of Saiful Malūk gives the date as 1246 AH (1830 AD), a date also followed by the Shāhkār Islāmī Encyclopedia; 1830 and 1843 are suggested in other works. Mīān Muhammad Bakhsh himself states in his magnum opus, Saiful Malūk, that he completed the work in the month of Ramadan, 1279 AH (1863 AD), and that he was then thirty-three years of age. Hence, he must have been born in 1829 or 1830.

According to some his family belonged to a village Bazurgwal in North of Gujrat District, Punjab, Pakistan, and then migrated to a famous saint's village Khari Sharif, 10 km South of present city of Mirpur, Azad Kashmir.

Upbringing

He was brought up in a very religious environment, and received his early education at home. He was later sent with his elder brother, Mīān Bahāval, to the nearby village of Samwal Sharīf to study religious sciences, especially the science of Hadith in the madrassah of Hāfiz Muhammad 'Alī. Hāfiz Muhammad 'Alī had a brother, Hāfiz Nāsir, who was a majzub, and had renounced worldly matters; this dervish resided at that time in the mosque at Samwal Sharīf. From childhood Mīān Muhammad had exhibited a penchant for poetry, and was especially fond of reading Yūsuf ō Zulaikhā by Nur ad-Din Abd ar-Rahman Jami. During his time at the madrassah, Hāfiz Nāsir would often beg him to sing some lines from Jami's poetry, and upon hearing it so expertly rendered would invariably fall into a state of spiritual intoxication.

Mīān Muhammad was still only fifteen years old when his father, falling seriously ill, and realizing that he was on his deathbed, called all his students and local notaries to see him. Mīān Shamsuddīn told his visitors that it was his duty to pass on the spiritual lineage that he had received through his family from Pīr-e Shāh Ghāzī Qalandar Damriyan Wali Sarkar; he pointed to his own son, Mīān Muhammad, and told those assembled that he could find nobody more suitable than he to whom he might award this privilege. Everybody agreed, the young man's reputation had already spread far and wide. Mīān Muhammad, however, spoke up and disagreed, saying that he could not bear to stand by and allow his elder brother Bahāvul to be deprived of the honour. The old man was filled with so much love for his son that he stood up and leaving his bed grasped his son by the arms; he led him to one corner and made him face the approximate direction of Baghdad, and then he addressed the founder of their Sufi Order, Shaikh 'Abdul-Qādir Jīlānī, presenting his son to him as his spiritual successor. Shortly after this incident his father died. Mīān Muhammad continued to reside in his family home for a further four years, then at the age of nineteen he moved into the khānqāh, where he remained for the rest of his life. Both his brothers combined both religion and worldly affairs in their lives, but he was only interested in spirituality, and never married - unlike them.

Formal pledge of allegiance

Despite the fact that he had essentially been made a khalīfah of his father, he realized that he still needed to make a formal pledge of allegiance or bay'ah to a Sufi master. Having completed his formal education he began to travel, seeking out deserted locations where he would busy himself in prayer and spiritual practices, shunning the company of his fellow-men. He took the Sufi pledge of allegiance or bay'ah with Hazrat Ghulām Muhammad, who was the khalīfah of Bābā Badūh Shāh Abdāl, the khalīfah of Hājī Bagāsher (of Darkālī Mamuri Sharīf, near Kallar Syedan District Rawalpindi), the khalīfah again of Dumriyan Wali Sarkar. He is also said to have travelled for a while to Srinagar, where he benefitted greatly from Shaikh Ahmad Valī.

Poetic talents and works

Once he had advanced a little along the Sufi way he became more and more interested in composing poetry, and one of the first things he penned was a qasidah (quatrain) in praise of his spiritual guide. Initially he preferred to write siharfis and duhras, but then he advanced to composing stories in verse. His poetry is essentially written in the Pothohari dialect of Panjabi, and utilizes a rich vocabulary of Persian and Arabic words.

His works include: Siharfi, Sohni Mahiwal, Tuhfah-e Miran, Tuhfah-e- Rasuliyah, Shireen Farhad, Mirza Sahiban, Sakhi Khavass Khan, Shah Mansur, Gulzar-e Faqir, Hidayatul Muslimin,Panj Ganj, Masnavi-e Nīrang-e ‘Ishq. He also wrote a commentary on the Arabic Qasidat-ul-Burda of al-Busiri and his most famous work, entitled Safarul ‘Ishq (Journey of Love), but better known as Saiful Maluk.

Silsila e Sajadgi

1 – Hazrat Pira Shah Ghazi Qallander Al Maroof Damri Wali Sarkaar

2 – Ghaus e Zamman Hazrat Mian Deen Muhammed (Great Grandfather of Hazrat Mian Muhammed Bukhsh)

3 – Hazrat Mian Shahbaz Al Maroof Mian Dheero (Great Grandfather of Hazrat Mian Muhammed Bukhsh)

4 – Qutab ul Aqtaab Hazrat Mian Jeevan Wali Bukhsh (Grandfather of Hazrat Mian Muhammed Bukhsh)

5 – Qibla e Alam Hazrat Mian Karam Bukhsh Al Maroof Mian Kamla ( Uncle ”taya sahib” of Hazrat Mian Muhammed Bukhsh)

6- Umdatus Salikeen, Shams ul Arifeen Hazrat Mian Shams ud Deen (Father of Hazrat Mian Muhammed Bukhsh)

7- Qibla e Alum Hazrat Mian Bahawal Bukhsh (Elder brother of Hazrat Mian Muhammed Bukhsh)

8- Qibla e Alum Hazrat Sahibzada Mian Atta Muhammed S/O Qibla e Alum Hazrat Mian Bahawal Bukhsh (Nephew of Hazrat Mian Muhammed Bukhsh)

9- Qibla e Alum Hazrat Sahibzada Mian Noor Ali s/o Qibla e Alum Hazrat Sahibzada Mian Atta Muhammed(Grandson of Hazrat Mian Muhammed Bukhsh)

10 – Hazrat Sahibzada Mian Manzoor Hussain Sahib S/O Qibla e Alum Hazrat Sahibzada Mian Noor Ali (Great Grandson Of Hazrat Mian Muhammed Bukhsh)

11- Jiggar Gosha e Arif e Khari, Makhdom e Milat Sahibzada Mian Muhammed Umer Bukhsh Sahib present Sajjada Nasheen of Markazi Darbar e Alia Khari Shareef.

Annual functions

Annual Functions at Khari Shareef Official events under the supervision of Sajjada Nasheen Darbar E Alia Khari Shareef. All events take place at the residence of the SajjadaNasheen Sahibzada Mian Muhammed Umer Bukhsh Sahib great grandson of Hazrat Mian Muhammed Bukhsh.

1) 13 – 14 Shaban ul Muazam also known as (shab e braat) is the annual Uras Mubarak of Hazrat Pira Shah Ghazi Qallender known as Damri Wali Sarkaar.

2 ) 2 October is the annual Uras Mubarak of Hazrat Mian Shams ud Deen father of Hazrat Mian Muhammed Bukhsh

3) 6-7 Zul Hajj is the annual Uras Mubarak of Hazrat Mian Muhammed Bukhsh

4) Monthly Giyarmien Shareef at the residence of Sajjada Nasheen

5) Monthly Mehfil e Arifana Kalaam and Dars e Saif ul Malook(chand ki jummaraat) at the residence of Sajjada Nasheen

--- All functions are officially coordinated by sajjada nasheen mian Muhammed umer bakhsh at his blessed residence of Pirashah house

Death

He died on the 7th day of the Islamic month of Dhu al-Hijjah 1324 AH (1907 AD), and was buried in Khari Sharif, not far away from his spiritual great great grandfather, Damriyan Wali Sarkar. To this day many people visit his tomb with the intention of receiving spiritual blessings.

References

  1. ↑ history of gujjars translated form sanskrit by Ali.H.Chohan
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